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in some sonse, changes in an object are the results of outside influences, operating upon it,meaning that it is only when these extraneous forces are harmonised with the inner nature of the object that modifications appear in it.
Essentially similar is the position taken by the Syad-vada, when a feature or modification is applied to an object. According to the Jainas, & modification is found to be effected in a body, on account of the following factors :
(1) Kāla or time. Every phenomenon has its own time for its emergence. A mango-tree would bear its fruit only in the summer seasons and not at any other time.
(2) Svabhava or nature. It is from a mango-tree alone that we can expect to have & mango-fruit; to expect mangoes from any other tree would be madness.
(3) Karma or ante-natal tendency. Mangotree is a tree; that this tree should grow into a mango-tree, capable of yielding-fruits, is a fact which was determined by anto-natal causes i. e. circumstances before the tree came into existence.
(4) Udyama or activity. The mango-treo cannot produce mango-fruits, unless the biologi.
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