________________
Introduction
Relating to Apabhramsa language, the following should be understood.
L
Vowels
अ, आ, इ, ई, उ, ऊ, ए, 317
ā, i, ī, u, ū, e, o
a,
Jain Education International
क,
Alphabets of Apabhramsa
ལ ཤྩ མ རྞ ཨ
ka,
ca,
འཱུ ཾ ོ- ིི ོ འཱུ
ța,
ta,
प,
pa,
य,
ya,
Apabhramsa Exercise Book
ख, ग,
kha, ga,
छ, ज, झ,
cha, ja, jha,
3, द,
tha, da, dha,
द, ध.
tha, da, dha,
10
थ,
ܕ
फ,
र.
Consonants
घ, ङ
gha, na
#
(Anusvāra)
स, ह
sa, ha
*
o
ब,
भ,
म
pha, ba, bha, ma
ल,
ra, la,
व
to
225
va
ञ
ña
ण
na
न
na
ṁ,
m
It may be noted here that in Apabhraṁśa the use of ǹa and ña is not found in non-conjunct form. In Hemacandra Apabhraṁśa Grammar the use of ǹa and ña in conjunct form is traceable. The use of na is seen in conjunct and non-conjunct form. The alternative of ǹa, ña, na in conjunct form is ṁ.
(Anunāsika)
For Private & Personal Use Only
xiii
www.jainelibrary.org
