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Lesson 4 3
Present Participle
For expressing the purport of 'laughing', 'sleeping', 'dancing' etc. the Present Participle is used in Präkrta. The Present Participles are formed by adding the following suffixes to the Verbs. The Present Participle partakes of the nature of an Adjective. Therefore, their Genders (Masculine, Neuter and Feminine) Numbers (Singluar, Plural) and cases (Nominative, Accusative etc.) are according to a Noun qualified by an adjective. In the Masculine Gender the inflexion of the Participle will be according to 'Deva', in the Neuter Gender, the inflexion will be according to 'Kamala' and in the Feminine Gender, the inflexion will be according to 'Kaha'. The Present Participle is a-ending (Masculine and Neuter). For changing the Participle into Feminine Gender à is added to the suffix of the Participle. By this, the Participle becomes a-ending Feminine.
(A)
Intransitive Verbs
Suffixes of
the Present
Participle
(i)
Hasa = To laugh Nacca To dance Jagga = To wake up
nta
māņa
Narindo
Hasanta =
Laughing Hasamaņa =
Laughing
Use in sentences :
Masculine
Narindo
Hasa
Jain Education International
Nacca
(Present Participle)
Präkrta Grammar and Composition
Naccanta
Jagganta =
Dancing
Waking up
Jaggamāṇa
Naccamāņa = Dancing
Waking up
(Noun qualified by an adjective i.e., Present Participle Masculine, Singular Number, Nominative Case (In all the Tenses)
(Present Tense)
(Singular)
Hasanto/Hasamāņo
ㄓ
Jagga
Utthai etc. The Laughing
king gets up.
For Private & Personal Use Only
=>
=
(Imperative)
Hasanto/Hasamāņo Utthau etc. The Laughing
king should
get up.
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