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Parikşāmukham
Commentary
The universal concomitance as exemplified by Sahabhāva can be seen in the form and colour in a fruit or being a tree and being a Simšapā ( a kind of tree ). The former is an example of co-existence and the latter a relationship of Vyāpya and Vyāpaka'.
पूर्वोत्तरचारिणोः कार्यकारणयोश्च क्रमभावः ॥१८॥ 18. Pūrvottarachāriņoḥ kāryakāraņayoścha kramabhāvaḥ.
18. Krama-bhāva exists in cases when one follows the other or in the case of cause and effect.
Commentary The example commonly given in Jain logic of one following the other is : the constellation Krittikā is followed by the constellation Rohiņi. The example of cause and effect is given as smoke following fire?.
Aniat faufa: 118811 19. Tarkāt tannirņayaḥ. 19. This is ascertained by Tarka.
Commentary We have already explained that by. Tarka ( universal concomitance ) inference is caused. The Jain philosophers sometimes hold that cause and effect are the same ( Abheda ) and according to such a view though universal concomitance itself is called Tarka, it is mentioned in this aphorism that Tarka determines universal concomitance. Hemachandra also holds this view".
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