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2. THE AUTHORS: AKALANKA
There is a reference to Kumārasena before Akalanka and after Sumatideva, "udetya......Kumāraseno munirastamāpat......", a fact clearly indicating the time of Kumārasena to be 720-800 A.D. at the latest. On this assumption, it is but natural that Vidyananda could have had a thorough acquaintance with Kumārasena's ideas and could substantiate his ideas in his monumental work Astasahasri. And Jinasena could refer to him in his Harivamsa Purana (783 A.D.); though being an elder contemporary of Akalanka, Kumārasena might have explained Astasati to Vidyananda who explicitly accepts the gratitude of Kumārasena.
6. Kumaranandi:
Vidyananda refers to him in Pramāṇaparīkṣā (p. 72) and TSLV (p. 280) which suggests that Kumāranandi was the author of Vadanyāya, "Kumāranandinaścāhur-Vadanyāyavicakṣaṇaḥ"; further, Patraparikṣā (p. 3) also refers to him. In one of the records of gift by Pṛthvikongani (Saka 698-716 A.D.) to Candranandi, there is a geneological list of teachers of Kumāranandi. It seems he lived near about 776 A.D.
Kumāranandi's Vadanyaya explicitly bears the influence of SV of Akalanka. Though Vadanyaya is not available. The quotations from it bear the testimony that it is influenced by Akalanka-nyāya.
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7. Vidyananda:
He is the celebrated commentator on Astasati of Akalanka. Regarding his age, he himself states in the Prasasti of his magnum opus Tattvärthaslokavārtika, that he lived during the regime of sivamara II (810 A.D.), the heir to king Śripurușa of Ganga dynasty. According to Pt. Darbarilal Kothia, Vidyananda completed his works, Vidyanandamahodaya and Tattvārthaślokavārtika during the reign of Śivamāra II (810 A.D.) and Aptaparikṣā, Pramāṇaparīkṣā and Yuktyanusāsanālankṛti during the regime of Rācamalla Satyavakya I (816-830 A.D.). Astasahasri was written after TSLV and before Aptaparikṣā. etc. It might have been completed in 810-815 A.D. and Patraparikṣā, Sripura-Pārsvanatha-stotra and Satyaśāsanapariksa in 830-840 A.D.; from all this discussion it can be concluded that Vidyananda flourished in 775-840 A.D.2
Vidyananda wrote TSLV after Vidyanandamahodaya, in 810 A.D.; he might have started writing at the prime of his youth. Admitting that he was born in 760 A.D., it can be said that he could write his works from the age of forty; hence, he too flourished as a younger contemporary of Akalanka like Kumārasena.
2 Aptapariksa, Intro. Pp. 51-53.
1 EC. vol. II, No. 67.
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