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28
INTRODUCTION
and joined his guru. He narrated the whole tragic end of his brother and his pathetic story with the result that he himself died due to over grief. Haribhadra, the witness of the end of his disciple in revange defeated many Buddhist scholars in debate and wrote many works to refute Buddhism. At the end of every work the word viraha occurs, indicative of his separation of his disciples.
(3) Similar story is given by Rājasekharasūri in his Caturvimšati Prabandha (1348 A.D.) with the exception that the episode of washerman is absent. (II) Analysis of Legends :
In brief, the facts of education of two brothers at the seat of Buddhists, their tussle with the scholars on Buddhism, the murder of one, and the debates by the other etc., are common in all legends, except the namesHamsa and Paramahamsa which are not in consonance with the J tradition. No doubt Jinabhadra and Virabhadra bear testimony of Jaina tradition; one thing is self-expressive—that such episodes are formed to illustrate the glory of the religious tradition implying some historical fact, however dim it may be.
The episode described in Rājāvalikathe of the sixteenth century is simply an eulogy of the Jaina tradition. There is very little of his in it. But of all these legends the one by Prabhācandra, in his Kathākoša, is the oldest and reflects some historical facts as under :
(1) Subhatunga was the King of Mānyakheta : So far as the dynastic history of Rāșțrakūta kings goes, Subhatunga was the Biruda of king Krişna Il. The Rāștrakūtas had their capital at Mānyakheta ; but it was re-established near about 815 A.D. by King Amoghavarşa2. Before Amoghavarsa, Govinda III got the trench and fort built for the protection from the Eastern Chalukyas of Vengi3. Even before this, a copper-plate of Devarahalli4, dated Saka, 698 (776 A.D.) refers to Mānyapura, from which it is clear that King Sri Puruşa's victorious army was, in Saka 698, at Mānyapura.
Inspite of this, the specialists on the history of Rāstrakūtas, like Dr. Altekar. remark that there is no substantial material to prove the whereabouts of the capital of Rāșțrakūtas before Amoghavarşa5. After the death of Dantidurga II, in the prime of his youth, Subhatunga Krşņa I, was
1 EI. vol. III, p. 106. 2 ibid. vol. XII, p. 263. 3 BPRV. vol. III, p. 39. 4 EC. vol. IV, Nagamangala No. 85; JSLS. vol. II, No. 121. 5 The Rastrakūtas and their Times p. 44.
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