Disclaimer: This translation does not guarantee complete accuracy, please confirm with the original page text.
## First Proclamation Chapter ] [37 Discussion - Worldly Termination - Knowledge of Living Beings - Five Types - The five types of knowledge of worldly living beings, namely, one-sense, etc., are expounded in this sutra (Sutra 18). Explanation of the five main types of worldly living beings - (1) One-sense - Living beings with only the sense of touch, such as earth-bodied, etc., are called one-sense. / (2) Two-sense - Living beings with two senses, namely, touch and taste, are called two-sense. For example, conch, oyster, snail, and earthworm, etc. / (3) Three-sense - Living beings with touch, taste, and smell are called three-sense. / For example, lice, bedbugs, ants, etc. / (4) Four-sense - Living beings with touch, taste, smell, and sight are called four-sense. / For example, grasshopper, moth, fly, mosquito, etc. (5) Five-sense - Living beings with all five senses, namely, touch, taste, smell, sight, and hearing, are called five-sense. For example, hell beings, animals (fish, cow, swan, snake), humans, and gods. / Senses are of two types - material sense and mental sense. Material sense has two forms - form-based and instrument-based. / The structure of the sense is called form-based sense, and the special power of the form-based sense is called instrument-based sense. Mental sense is in the form of attainment (destruction and pacification) and usage. / Even in one-sense living beings, all five types of mental sense, namely, destruction and pacification, and usage, are possible; because their function is seen in many one-sense living beings. For example, Dr. Jagadish Chandra Bose, a specialist in biology, has demonstrated the power of understanding emotions like praise and blame (attainment = destruction and pacification) even in one-sense plants. The knowledge of one-sense worldly living beings is 16. What is the knowledge of one-sense worldly living beings? [16 Ans.] The knowledge of one-sense worldly living beings is said to be of five types. / It is as follows - 1-Earth-bodied, 2-Water-bodied, 3-Fire-bodied, 4-Air-bodied, and 5-Plant-bodied. / Discussion - In the present sutra, the five types of one-sense living beings, namely, earth-bodied, etc., are described. Types and characteristics of one-sense living beings - (1) Earth-bodied - Those whose body is earth are called earth-bodied. (2) Water-bodied - Those whose body is water are called water-bodied. / (3) Fire-bodied - Those whose body is fire are called fire-bodied. / (4) Air-bodied - Those whose body is air are called air-bodied. (5) Plant-bodied - Those whose body is in the form of plants like creepers, etc., are called plant-bodied. 1. Knowledge of living beings, etc., Malay Commentary, page 23-24