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## Translation:
**[256] The *Jiva-Jiva-Abhigamsutra* Commentary**
This sutra presents two important questions and their answers. The first question is: "O Bhagavan! Have all beings, all *bhutas*, all *jivas*, and all *sattvas* been born in these types of hells before?" Bhagavan said, "Yes, Gautama! All worldly *jivas* have been born in each of these hells many times or even an infinite number of times in the past. The world is eternal, and from time immemorial, all worldly *jivas* have been undergoing birth and death. Therefore, they have been born in these hells many times or an infinite number of times. It is said, 'There is no such caste and no such womb where this *jiva* has not been born and died an infinite number of times.'
The words *pran*, *bhut*, *jiva*, and *sattva* appear in the original text. The *acharyas* have explained them as follows: 'The term *pran* refers to the two-sensed, three-sensed, and four-sensed *jivas*. The term *bhut* refers to plants. The term *jiva* refers to the five-sensed *jivas*. The remaining *jivas* of the earth body, water body, fire body, and air body are encompassed by the term *sattva*.
The present sutra has the reading 'पुढवीकाइयात्ताए जाव वणस्सइकाइयत्ताए'. This generally encompasses the earth-bodied, water-bodied, fire-bodied, air-bodied, and plant-bodied *jivas*. Here, in the *Ratna Prabha* etc., there is an inquiry about the *jivas* born in those respective forms. Since fire-bodied *jivas* are not born in these hellish earths, they should be excluded, and the rest should be understood. The *vrittikara* has also mentioned the same. Therefore, the original meaning is understood in this way.
The second question is: "Are the earth-bodied, water-bodied, fire-bodied, air-bodied, and plant-bodied *jivas* who are born up to the *Ratna Prabha* etc., those who have *maha-karma*, *maha-kriya*, *maha-pasrava*, and *maha-vedana*?" Bhagavan said, "Yes, Gautama! They are those who have *maha-karma* up to *maha-vedana*."
The origin of this question arises from the doubt that these *jivas* are currently in a one-sensed state. They are not yet in that state, nor do they have the means to perform great sinful acts and great endeavors, etc. So how can they have *maha-karma*, *maha-kriya*, *maha-pasrava*, and *maha-vedana*? In resolving this, it is said that these *jivas* have not been freed from the impressions of the great actions they performed in their previous births, such as *pranatipat* etc. Therefore, they are still those who have *maha-kriya*. The cause of *maha-kriya* is *maha-ashrava*. That *maha-ashrava* was also theirs in their previous births, and they have not been freed from it. Therefore...
1. *Pran*, *dvitri-chatur* are said, *bhutas* are also remembered. *Jivas* are to be known as five-sensed, the rest are *sattvas* mentioned.
2. "Born in the earth body, water body, air body, plant body, and hell? Bhagavan said, 'Yes' etc." - *Malayavritti*