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## Fourth Study: Pratikramana
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18. Applying ten udak-lep (water paste with awareness) in a year. 19. Consuming food from Maya-sthana (places of illusion) ten times in a year.
20. Knowingly consuming food with a hand that has touched water with awareness, or with a brush etc. that has touched water with awareness.
21. Knowingly sitting, sleeping, or performing Kayotsarga (body relaxation) in places inhabited by living beings, in places with seeds, greenery, insect nests, flowers, mud, and spider webs.
Twenty-two Pariṣaha:
The hardships that a Sadhu (Jain monk) must endure for the sake of remaining steadfast in their vows and for the exhaustion of karmas, due to hunger, thirst, or any other reason, are called Pariṣaha. Because the life of a Sadhu is not a life of ease. It is a life of struggle for the complete purity of the soul, turning away from comfort. The Samvayanga and Uttaradhyayanasutra describe 22 Pariṣaha. One should strive to conquer them. The details are as follows:
1. Kṣudhā - Enduring the hardship of hunger. 2. Pipāsā - Enduring the hardship of thirst when pure water is not available. 3. Śīta - Enduring the hardship of extreme cold due to wearing minimal clothing. 4. Uṣṇa - Enduring the hardship of heat. 5. Daṃśamaśaka - Enduring the hardship of insects like flies, mosquitoes, and bedbugs. 6. Acela - Enduring the hardship of not having clothes. 7. Arati - Overcoming the aversion to vows due to fear of difficulties. 8. Strīpariṣaha - Conquering the temptation of women. This is a favorable Pariṣaha. 9. Carya Pariṣaha - Enduring the hardship of travel and movement during journeys. 10. Niṣadyā - Enduring the disturbance in places of study and meditation. 11. Śayyā - Enduring the hardship of not having a comfortable place to sleep. 12. Ākrośa - Maintaining equanimity when someone insults, threatens, or humiliates you. 13. Vadh - Enduring the beating of wood etc. with equanimity.