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[Nishīthasūtra
A monk who removes the worms from his apānadvāra or kukshi with his finger, or approves of someone who does so, incurs a minor monthly atonement.
Discussion - Worms are generated in the stomach due to digestive disorders and often come out with impurities from the apānadvāra (anus). These worms sometimes stop at the mouth of the apānadvāra or sometimes inside. It is possible to cause harm by removing them with a finger, hence the atonement.
Kukshi - The inner part of the apānadvāra up to 3-4 inches. Pālu - The outer opening of the apānadvāra.
Kimiyam - Worms are of many types, small and large. They live for a short time after coming out. They can be like fine threads or like small snake babies.
Nakh-parikarma atonement
41. A monk who cuts or trims the tips of his overgrown nails, or approves of someone who does so, incurs a minor monthly atonement.
Discussion - In the Āgamas, "doharomanhansiṇo" - long hair and nails - Das. A. 6 Ga. 64 and "dhuttakesamansuromanhe" - one who does not perform the rites of hair, mustache, hair and nails - Praśna. Śru. 2, A. 1, Sū. 4, etc., even though there are such texts, one should not understand that cutting nails is absolutely prohibited because in Āchā. Śru. 2, A. 7, U. 1, there is a statement about not giving the nail cutter taken for oneself to another monk and the method of returning it to oneself.
In Nishīth U. 1, Sūtra 32, there is an atonement for using the nail cutter taken for cutting nails for other purposes. And in Sūtras 17, 21, 25, 29, 37, there are atonement provisions for taking it improperly, returning it properly, taking it without purpose, etc. From these Āchārāṅga and Nishīthasūtra texts, it is self-evident that a monk can take a nail cutter properly if necessary, cut his nails and return it properly.
But in the present sūtra, there is a statement of atonement for cutting nails, which makes it clear that there is a prohibition and atonement for cutting nails without reason, and there is no atonement for cutting nails with reason.
If overgrown nails are an obstacle in performing service tasks, then cutting nails is "with reason". Cutting nails with the intention of cutting them on a fixed day is "without reason".