Agam 36 Chhed 03 Vyavahara Sutra Bhashya

SR No.: 002531
Original Sutra Author: Sanghdas Gani
Author: Kusumpragya Shramani
Publisher: Jain Vishva Bharati
Publication Year: 1996
Total Pages: 860
Language: Prakrit
Classification: Book_Devnagari, Agam, Canon, & agam_vyavahara
File Size: 14 MB

Page 108

The glimpses of Vyavahara Bhasya
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today untraceable, out of which Bhatkalp Vyavahara and Niśitha, are in the verse form. Jitakalpa, Viścṣāvasyaka. and Pañcaka'pa. are of medium extent, Pinda. Niryukti and Ogha Niryukti of small size and Daśaśrutaskandha and Utträdhyana, the Bhasya on these are of very small size.
It is a matter of investigation why on three Cheda Sutras the Bhāṣya is extensive; if so, why not the Bhāṣya is written on Daśasutraskandha? If the Niryukti, is written on four Cheda Sutras there must be some Bhasya on Daśasutraskandha, but unfortunately it is not available. Out of the above mentioned then Bhasyas, the Bhasya is mainly of compilation on Niśith. Jitakalp. and Pañcakalp because the Bhāṣyas on other works and verses from Niryukti are mostly of collective nature.
Jinabhadragani Kṣamaśramana clearly mentions in his Bhasya on Bṛhatkalp, "Kalpa, Vyavahara and Niśitha are as vast as ocean." Hence it is stated herein that the jewels of the śruta are like drops in such an ocean, there by they form the essence of the contents of literature. From this it is self-evident that the Bhasya on three Chedasutras existed before Jinabhadragani 'Udadhi sadṛśa'. This objective is not applicable or appropriate in the context of Mula-sutras, since they are not such a vast liteature. On whichever works Niryuktis are not written, the explanation (Vyakhya) on the Bhasya sutras are adopted, e.g.. Jitakalpa Bhāṣya etc. Some Bhasyas are written on the Niryuktis also, just as on Pinda and Ogha niryukti. Amongst the Bhāṣyas on Cheda Sutras, Bhasya on Vyavahara is very important, though it deals chiefly with expiation (prayaścitta); occasionaly there is a discussion pertaining to Society, Economics, Politics, and Psychology etc. The Bhasyakara has explained every sutra of Vyavahara Without the help of Bhasya, by mere reading the aphorisms of Vyavahara it is difficult to understand the work.
Bhasyakara
Among Bhāṣyakaras, two names of Commentators are prominent. (1) Jinabhadragani Kşamasramana (2) Sanghadisagani, Muni Punyavijayaji is of the view that there are four Commentators (i) Jinabhadragani kşam śramana, (ii) Sanghadasagani. (3) the author of Vyavahara Bhāṣaya., and (4) that of Kalpabṛhat bhāṣya. It is well known that Jinbhadragani is the author of Viseṣavaśyak Bhāṣya. However there is not unanimity of rules regarding the authorship of Bhasyas on Brhatkalpa and Vyavahara. The ancient writers had the custom to write works without personal discussions viz; regarding their place of writing, the patronage extended to them and some hints about their personality, all leading to difficulty about the authorship of any work after the lapse of long time. Similarly the synonymity of names led to search of the orignal author. Malayagiri in his preface to Bṛhat has said "Sukhagrahanadharanaya bharaṇāya bhāsyakāra, bhasyam kṛtavan', without naming the author.2 Exactly in the tikas of Niśitha Curni and Vyavahāra, the Commentator has not given any hint about the bhāṣyakära.
Pandit Dalsukhabhai Malvania in his Introduction of Niśitha Pithika has tried to prove that Siddhasena might be the author of Nisitha. He has indicated in this aspect: Siddhasena, is the author of Bṛhatkalpa. Bhāṣya. In support of his argument he cites a verse from Niśītha curni, suggesting that it is the work of Siddhasena'Siddhaseṇayariyo Vakkhanam Kareti,'. The same verse occurs in Bṛhatkalpa Bhasya-'Bhāṣyakaro Vyakhyanayati'. Therefore it is surmised that Siddhasena is the Commentator of Niśitha. Brhat Bhasya, and Vyavahara. Besides these arguments cited above, there are some more additonal reasons. Muni Punyavijayaji accepts Sanghadásagani as the Commentator of Bṛhatkalpa Bhāṣya. In to his opinion these were two Acaryas named Sanghadasagani, The first Sanghadasagani, had the honorific title-Vacaka-who wrote the first part of Vasudevahindi. The second Sanghadasagani. lived after the first one who wrote Laghubaṣhya' on Bṛhatkalpa Bhasya. He was having the title of 'Kṣmasramana.4 Acarya Sanghadasagani is decidedly the author
1. Jitakalpa bhāṣya 2605; Kapavvavahārāṇam udadhisaricchāṇa taha nisihassa/
bhutasaresa Sutarayana bindunavanita natavvao//
2. Bhatkalpabhāṣya pīthikā, P. 2
3. Niśīthabhāṣya pithika, preface, p. 40-44
4. Bṛhatkalpabhäṣya; vol. 6, preface p. 20