Jain Rup Mandan

SR No.: 001961
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Umakant P Shah
Publisher: Abhinav Publications
Publication Year: 1987
Total Pages: 466
Language: English
Classification: Book_English & Art
File Size: 27 MB

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Jaina-Rupa-Mandana Fig. 5 (PL. IV). Adinātha (Rşabhanātha) sitting in padmasana. From Chausa, Bihar, now in the Patna Museum, Arch. no. 6554. Brass or Bronze, c. 5th cent. A.D. H.K. Prasad, op. cit., p. 282. Patna Museum Catalogue, Pl. XIX. Copyright, Patna Museum, Patna.
Fig. 6 (Pl. IV). Brass or Bronze image from Chausa hoard, Bihar, now in Patna Museum, Arch. no. 6552. Identified generally as Candraprabha, the sixth Tirthaokara, on the basis of the crescent moon on top of the image. Note the plain halo with beaded border and the back-seat with makaramukha endings on top, both suggesting an early tradition. Crescent moon as cognizance on top of halo is unusual. H.K. Prasad, op. cit., p. 283. Note locks of hair falling on his shoulders and the hair arranged in top-knot on head. It may be that this is an image of Adinātha. The crescent on top bas to be investigated. It may be mutilated part of something. Copyright, Patna Museum, Patna.
Fig. 7 (Pl. IV). Stone, Harinegameşi from Kankali Tila, Mathura, now no. E.1 in Mathura Museum. Age, Kuşāna. Note the typical triangular shaped necklace with pointed end on chest. God with goat-head wearing a crown with typical cūdamaņi front ornament of Kuşana period. For Harinegameşin, see Shah, U.P., JISOA, vol. XIX (1952-53), pp. 19-41; Agrawala, V.S., Catalogue of the Mathura Museum, JUPHS, Vol. XXIII (1950), p. 66 aninht, Mathura Museum, Mathura.
Fig. 8 (Pl. V). Brass or Bronze image of standing Pārsvanātha from Chausa hoard, Bihar, now in Patna Museum, no. 6531. Much corroded. Age, c. 1st cent. B.C.-1st cent. A.D. H.K. Prasad, op. cit., p. 281, Fig. 6, Patna Museum Catalogue, Pl. XX, Akota Bronzes, Fig. 16. Copyright, Patna Museum, Patna.
Fig. 9 (Pl. V). Headless stone image of standing Jina, Kankali Tila, Mathura. Now No. J.7, State Museum, Lucknow. Inscription on pedestal dated in the year 9. Front shows a monk and a nun to the right and left respectively of the Jina's legs. On the other three sides of the sculpture are similar smaller figures of Jaina laymen and laywomen, see Evolution of Jaina Iconography and Symbolism, Aspects of Jaina Art and Architecture, p. 53, Figs. 9, 10, 11, 12; Luders' List, no. 229; The Scythian Period, Fig. 64, pp. 295-96. Copyright, State Museum, Lucknow.
Fig. 10 (PI. VI). Ayagapața, set up by Acalā, wife of Bhadranandi, Kankali Tila, Mathura, now no. J.252 in State Museum, Lucknow. Ref. Buhler in Epi. Ind., II, p. 207, no. XXXII; Studies in Jaina Art, Fig. 10, pp. 82-83. Note the auspicious symbols-four in top row and eight in the last row. For discussion on aşsamangalas, see Studies in Jaina Art, pp. 109ff. In this Tablet of Homage a pillar on the right is surmounted by a lion, i.e. this is a Simha-dhvaja pillar; the pillar on left is surmounted by a dharmacakra. Lion is the cognizance, the dhvaja of Mahavira. The Jina in the centre must therefore be identified as Mahavira in front of whom (whose temple) is the Simha-dhvaja pillar, cf. Garuda-dhvaja pillar at Vidiša. The Jainas also raised pillars with dharmacakra on top, cf. U.P. Shah's Moti Chandra Memorial Lecture published in Journal of Indian Museums, volume. Copyright, State Museum, Lucknow.
Fig. 11 (PI. VII). Ayägapata, set up by Sihanādika, Kankali Tila, Mathura, now in State Museum (on. J. 249), Lucknow. Note four auspicious motifs in top row-pair of fish (mina-pugala), unidentified sign, sri-vatsa, powder-box (vardhamanaka)- and four in last row-tri-ratna, padma (full blown lotus), bhadrāsana and mangala-kalasa. The pillar on the left of the Jina in centre is surmounted by an elephant, i.e. it is a Gaja-dhvaja-stambha. Elephant is the dhvaja or cognizance of Ajitanātha, hence the "Jina in centre is Ajitanātha Studies in Jaina Art, Fig. 13 and pp. 79-80. Copyright, State Museum, Lucknow.
Fig. 12 (PI. VII). Pedestal of Vardhamana image set up by daughters of Damitra in 162 A.D. in the reign of Vasudeva. From near Kankali Tila, Mathura, now Mathura Museum no. 490. Note the Caturvidha-samgha (sadhu, sādhvi, frāvaka, śrāvika) on two sides of Dharmacakra pillar shown in relief on pedestal. Installed by Okharikā, daughta, of Damitra, in the year Samvat 84. Agrawala, V.S., Cat. of the Mathura Museum, JUPHS, XXIII, p. 38. Copyright, Mathura Museum, Mathura.
Fig. 13 (Pl. VIII. Image of Aristanemi standing, from Mathura, now Lucknow Museum No. J. 8, inscribed, dated year 18. Luders' List, no. 26. Note halo with scalloped border and flower design, A Jaina layman and a Jaina lay woman standing to the right and left of the Jina. Pedestal shows two monks on two sides of the Dharmacakra-Pillar, Kuşāņa, c. 2nd 3rd cent. A.D. Ref. Euolution of Jaina