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**Piṇḍaniyukti: An Observation**
* According to the *Seṣa Piṇḍanijjutti*, it should be explained (Ni. Bhā. 4, p. 191). * It should be explained in detail as in the *Piṇḍanijjutti Gāhā Sutta* (Ni. Bhā. 4, p. 193).
The *Jītakalpa Bhāṣya* describes the faults of *bhikṣācārya* in 5861 verses. The commentator has also created new verses for atonement or to establish a connection in some places. In some places, he has also abridged the expansion, for example, the explanation of *sādharmika* is expanded in 22 verses in *Piṇḍaniyukti*, but Jinabhadragaṇi Kṣamāśramaṇa has described it briefly. Looking at the verses of the *Jītakalpa Bhāṣya*, it can be assumed that the commentator has made this entire passage a part of his work with some changes.
*Piṇḍaviśuddhi Prakaraṇa* is a short treatise written on the *bhikṣācārya* of a *sādhu* and its faults. Its author, Jinavallabha Sūri, a disciple of Abhaydeva Sūri, the commentator of the *Navāṅgī Ṭīkā*, composed this treatise based on *Piṇḍaniyukti*. At the end of the treatise, in the 103rd verse in the *śārdulavikrīḍita* meter, he himself mentions:
> *Iccheyam Jiṇavallaheṇa Gaṇiṇā, jaṁ Piṇḍanijjuttiō. Kiñcī Piṇḍavihāṇajāṇanakae, bhavvāṇa savvāṇa vi. Vuttaṁ Suttanīuttamuḍḍhamaīṇā, bhattiī sattiī taṁ. Savvaṁ bhavvam maccharā suyaharā, bohintu sohintu ya.*
The author has given a concise but meaningful presentation about *bhikṣācārya*, but has also used his original brilliance in some places, such as the doors of *ādhākarma* and their explanation. This treatise has the special feature that the author has presented a brief definition of every fault. The importance of the treatise can be known from the fact that six commentaries and one *avacūrī* have been written on it.
The commentator Yaśodeva Sūri has expanded almost all the stories mentioned in *Piṇḍaniyukti*. He has mostly presented the stories in the Prakrit language. Some stories are also in Prakrit verse. It seems likely that these stories, written in detail in Prakrit verse, were quoted by the commentator from some other treatise.
Extra-canonical literature, which discusses *bhikṣācārya* and its faults, is mostly post-*Piṇḍaniyukti* literature. Looking at them, it can be easily assumed that almost all the later treatises related to *bhikṣācārya* are influenced by *Piṇḍaniyukti*. Among these, the *Aṣṭaka Prakaraṇa* (fifth, sixth, seventh *aṣṭaka*) by Ācārya Haribhadra, the *Pañcāśaka Prakaraṇa* (thirteenth *pañcāśaka*), the *Pañca Vastu* (verses 739-68), the *Viṁśati Viṁśikā* (thirteenth and fourteenth *viṁśikā*), the *Pravacana Sāroddhāra* and its commentary by Ācārya Nemicandra, the *Mūlācāra* and the *Anāgāra Dharmāmṛta* etc. are prominent.
1. *Jībhā* 1088-1674.