Disclaimer: This translation does not guarantee complete accuracy, please confirm with the original page text.
## Pinḍaniryukti: An Observation
This is an observation regarding the **Pinḍaniryukti** (a Jain term referring to the rules regarding the consumption of food).
**Four Laghu (Ayambil) Prāyaścitta** (penance) is prescribed for the following offenses:
**Udbhinn** (offense related to the removal of something covered):
* If **Prāsuka** (a substance that is easily absorbed) like ghee or oil spills while opening a **Gobar** (cow dung) or **Kapḍe** (cloth) **Mukhabanda** (covering), then **Māsalghu** (Purimārḍha) Prāyaścitta is prescribed.
* If **Aprāsuka** (a substance that is not easily absorbed) like earth or a sentient object is attached to the covered object and is removed, then **Ṣaṭkāya-Virāḍhanā** (violation of the six categories of living beings) is possible. Therefore, **Cāralghu** (Ayambil) Prāyaścitta is prescribed for this offense.
* Similarly, **Cāralghu** (Ayambil) Prāyaścitta is prescribed for offenses related to **Kapāṭodbhinn** (opening a door or a container).
* According to **Niśīthabhāṣya**, **Cāraguru** (Upavās) is prescribed for removing **Anantakaaya** (infinite-bodied) plants, **Māsalghu** (Purimārḍha) for removing **Parittamiśra** (mixed with a limited number of living beings) plants, and **Māsaguru** (Ekāsan) for removing **Anantamiśra** (mixed with an infinite number of living beings) plants.
**Mālāpahṛta** (offense related to wearing a garland):
* **Cāralghu** (Ayambil) Prāyaścitta is prescribed for **Utkṛṣṭa** (superior) **Mālāpahṛta** (wearing a garland) offense.
* **Māsalghu** (Purimārḍha) Prāyaścitta is prescribed for **Jaghanya** (inferior) **Mālāpahṛta** offense.
**Āccheḍya** (offense related to cutting):
* **Cāralghu** (Ayambil) Prāyaścitta is prescribed for all three types of **Āccheḍya** offenses: **Prabhu** (related to a master), **Svāmī** (related to an owner), and **Stena** (related to a thief).
**Anisṛṣṭa** (offense related to something not permitted):
* **Anisṛṣṭa** (Ananuññāta) offense is of three types: 1. **Sādharan** (ordinary), 2. **Cōllaka** (related to a thief), and 3. **Jaḍḍu** (related to an elephant).
* **Cāralghu** (Ayambil) Prāyaścitta is prescribed for all three types of **Anisṛṣṭa** offenses.
**Adhyavapūraka** (offense related to something added):
* **Laghumās** (Purimārḍha) Prāyaścitta is prescribed for **Yāvadārthika** (meaningful) **Adhyavapūraka** offense.
* **Gurumās** (Ekāsan) Prāyaścitta is prescribed for **Pāṣaṇḍimiśra** (mixed with heresy) and **Sādhumiśra** (mixed with virtue) **Adhyavapūraka** offenses.
After discussing the Prāyaścitta for the 16 offenses related to **Udgaman** (consumption), the Prāyaścitta for the 16 offenses related to **Utpādana** (production) is being discussed.
**Dhātrīpiṇḍa** (offense related to a mother):
* **Cāralghu** (Ayambil) Prāyaścitta is prescribed for all five types of offenses related to **Dhātrī** (mother): **Aṅkadhātrī** (mother who carries the child in her womb), etc.
**Dūtīpiṇḍa** (offense related to a messenger):
* **Cāralghu** (Ayambil) Prāyaścitta is prescribed for consuming food after performing **Dāutyakarma** (messenger's duty).
**Nimittapiṇḍa** (offense related to a cause):
* **Cāralghu** (Ayambil) Prāyaścitta is prescribed for mentioning **Atita** (past) **Nimitta** (cause).
* **Cāraguru** (Upavās) Prāyaścitta is prescribed for mentioning **Varttamāna** (present) and **Bhaviṣya** (future) **Nimitta** (cause).
**References:**
1. Jībhā 1254, 1255.
2. Jībhā 1257.
3. Jībhā 1264, 1265.
4. Jībhā 1268.
5. Niśūbhā. 4 p. 192; Aṇanteṣu Cauguruṁ, Parittamiśeṣu Māsalahuṁ, Anantamiśeṣu Māsaguruṁ.
6. Jībhā 1272, 1273.
7. Jībhā 1274.
8. Jībhā 1275.
9. Jībhā 1285.
10. Jībhā 1324.
11. Jībhā 1340.
12. Jībhā 1348, 1349.
**Page:** 131