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## Pindianiyukti: An Observation
**121** There is a general description of Angar, Dhum and Samyoga in the context of food in the seventh century. After that, there is a description of the Pramanatikrant dosha along with Kshetratikrant, Kalatikrant and Margattikrant related to food and water. There is no mention of the Karan dosha. From this context, it can be inferred that these had not developed as Grasaishana or Mandalik doshas until the composition of the Bhagavati Sutra.
**Samyoga**
Combining other food items with edible and palatable food items to enhance taste and juice is the Samyoga dosha. Samyoga is of two types - external and internal.
Combining suitable substances in a household item is external Samyoga, and the combination done while eating in an Upashraya is internal Samyoga. This is done in three ways - in the vessel, in the Kavala, and in the mouth. In Panchvastu, only two types of internal Samyoga are mentioned - in the vessel and in the mouth.
Since Pindianiyukti describes food and Bhikchacharya, it only describes Samyoga related to food and drink, but Pravachansaroaddhar also mentions external and internal Samyoga related to equipment. The commentator, while explaining external Samyoga related to equipment, says that if a Sadhu gets a beautiful Cholapatt from somewhere, he wears a new Pachevadi for adornment outside the residence, that is external Samyoga related to equipment. If he does so inside the residence, it is internal equipment Samyoga.
Mixing ghee or chili-spices etc. with the item kept in the vessel is vessel-related Samyoga. Mixing sugar or other substances in the Kavala held in the hand to enhance its taste is Kavala-related Samyoga, and putting another substance in the mouth after taking the Kavala in the mouth to enhance its taste is mouth-related Samyoga. A Muni who does Samyoga due to attachment and taste, combines karma with his soul due to the cause of raga-dvesha. The combination of karma leads to infinite suffering.
**Exceptions to Samyoga Dosha**
The Niyuktikar states that if there is leftover food after eating enough, then Samyoga is allowed to consume the leftover food. For example, it is not possible to eat leftover ghee without bread and sugar after being satisfied with food, its Paristapan...
**1. Bhag 7/22**
**2. Bhag 7/22, Pini 306**
**3. Pini 305, Jibha 1613**
**4. Panv 359**
**5. Pini 305, Mavru P. 172, Bribhati P. 239**
**6. Pini 307, Jibha 1616, 1617**