________________ SAMVAR PREVENTION OF KARMA 191 higher spiritual level. Sutra 23 lays following four categories of this austerity, which are based on the subjects of reverence, viz. a) Jnan, which means knowledge and covers the means thereof, b) Darshan, which means conviction of the fundamentals, c) Charitra, which means undertaking Samayik, etc. with reverence, d) Upchar, which means courteous behavior. iii) Vaiyavrtti: This means selfless servicing. A spiritual aspirant knows that all the living beings have the same type of soul. He therefore needs to develop regard and/or amity for others. As such, he should be willing to serve them without expecting anything in return. That is not possible, unless one has developed the sense of dedication to the cause of serving. That sense would result in elimination of arrogance and induce him to develop modesty. A high degree of modesty can lead to the faultless behavior. Sutra 24 lays following ten categories of this austerity based on the class of persons, who need to be served, viz. a) Acharya, the head of religious order, b) Upadhyays, the masters and teachers of scriptures, c) Tapaswi, those who undertake acute austerities, d) Shaiksha, those who are newly initiated, e) Glan, the sick and weakened, f) Gan, meaning those belonging to the same group, g) Kul, meaning those initiated by the same preceptor, h) Sangh, meaning those belonging to the religious order, i) Sadhu, the monks and nuns and j) Samanojna, those having an identical level of knowledge. iv) Swadhyay: Literally, this means self-study. It is of two kinds. One is to understand the true nature of soul and the other is to learn. Sutra 25 lays the following five aspects of the de nature of soul and Jain Education International For Private & Personal Use Only www.jainelibrary.org
