________________ RESTRAINTS THE ESSENCE OF JAIN PRACTICE 131 prevailing in ancient time. That does not mean that there cannot be other transgressions. For instance, giving shelter to burglars or buying the stolen objects have been specified as transgressions of the third restraint, but smuggling, tax evasions, etc. were not specified, because the excise duties and income taxes were not levied that time. The transgressions mentioned here should therefore be treated as illustrative and one needs to think of other transgressions that he may come across in the present life style. बन्धवधच्छविच्छेदातिभारारोपणानपाननिरोधाः // 7-20 // 7.20: Bandhvadhchchhavichchhedatibhararopanannapannirodhah (Bonding, fatal hurting, amputation, overloading and deprival of food and/or drink are the five transgressions of nonviolence, the first restraint.) Confining, imprisoning, putting into chains, tying the animals too tight or for a prolonged period constitute bonding. Slaying, slaughtering, thrashing, lashing, flogging etc. constitute fatal hurting. Cutting, removing, piercing, severing etc. constitute amputation. Putting excessive load or burden on any being constitutes overloading. Depriving any human or animal of the food or drink or withholding the same for a prolonged period constitutes deprival. मिथ्योपदेशरहस्याभ्याख्यानकूटलेखक्रियान्यासापहारसाकारमन्त्रभेदाः 116-2911 7.21: Mithyopadeshrahasyabhyakhyankootlekhkriyanyasapaharsakarmantrabhedah Jain Education International For Private & Personal Use Only www.jainelibrary.org
