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14 SOUND SYNTHESIS IN IE, IIR & SANSKRIT IE PI+so >IE pļlos, cp Skt puraḥ (Beside Gk pólis
IB pļl-i-s and Skt pur i <IE pļli). IE gftos >IE grros, cp Skt girah Av garo (besido
Lat garrio 'I chatter Gk gērús 'I speak' etc.) IE ātmộtos >IE ātmnnos, cp Skt ātmanah (besido
Skt atmasu< IE atmn-su and Lat atmos < IE atmos. 8. Combination of IE Secondary Vowels with Reduced
Primary Vowel a
JE Ť, š, ļ, l, m, šta > i, ū, ļ, ļ, , after Light syllables and iya, uwa, yra, ļla, mma, nna after heavy syllables (vide New lights on IE Comparative Grammar p. 18). The assumption of the variation caused by the light and heavy syllables are applied here following the general pattern of positional variation of secondary vowels. But the historical present generalizations in different morphological patterns. Besides a third type (viz. ya, wə etc.) is apparently needed to explain the forms like Gk phérousa <pherontya<IE bherontya beside IE bheronti<bherontia cp Skt bharanti (pres pple fem). But it is quite likely that IE had originatly only two types (viz, î & iya types) and the third one (viz. the ya type, as needed by Gk) may be an analogical formation in Gk (or in late-IE) after the strong grade forms in the following manner ā:3 : : yā : ya (instead of the original yā : i as represented in Skt etc.).
Treatment of a after secondary vowels was effected by several factors in different IE historical languages. To take for example a>i in IIr and therefore ita is almost regularly represented as į in IIr even when the iya type is expected. But IE uwa> IIr uvi and uta>IE ū>IIr ū. The neuter plural forms of s stems must have had sto>f in the proto-speech. But because IE ţ was not retained in any IE historical languages, the forms in
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