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Sec. III]
STUDIES IN THE BHAGAWATI SŪTRA
535
Ancient Kāśi corresponds to the region round Benares district which was demarcated by Kašala on the north, Magadha on the east and Vatsa on the west.
In the days of Lord Mahāvīra Kāíi was one of the members of the Vajj Confederacy which was formed to fight with king Kūņika-Ajātaśatru. Kosala
Košala also appears in other Jaina texts, Brāhmaṇical' and Buddhist,“ works as an independent state having two zones, namely, Northern Kokala with its capital at Săvatthi (Srāvasti) and Southern Košala with Sāketa as its capital.
It was probably bounded by the Gangā on the south, the mountains on the north, the Gandaka Sadānīrā' on the east and Gomatā on the west and it may be identical with the present Oudha (Ayodhyā). Košalapura (or Košala), was associated with the birth of the fifth Tirthankara’ and the activities of Ajīvikism, Jainism and Buddhism, as it is evidenced by the fact that its capital city Srāvastī was hallowed by the presence of Gośāla Mankhaliputra, Lord Mahāvīrao and Lord Buddhato respectively.
In the time of the Master, Košala also joined the Vajjī Confederacy against Magadha and sustained defeat at the hands of king Kūņika-Ajātasatru".
Sumbhuttara (Suhma)
Sumbhuttara?? appears to be identical with Subbhabhūmi of
1 Buddhist India, p. 21, Rhys Davids. ? Bh8, 7, 9, 300. 9 Pannavanā Sutta, 1, 37, 55a. 4 Satapatha Brāhmana, 1, 4, 11; Panini (Astādhyayi). VI. 1.17;
Visnu, P. Ch. 4; Rāmāyana, II, 68, 13; Moh. ll, 30, 2, 3;
31. 12. 13. * Anguttara N4kaya, 1. 213. . 6 Buddhist India p. 21, Rhys Davids 7 Avasyaka Niryukti, 382. Vide, Life in Ancient India p. 300. 8 Bhs, 15, 1, 539 ff. | 16, 15, 1, 539 ff. 10 Dialogues of the Buddha, I. pp 108, 288 11 Bhs 7, 9, 300.
13 16, 15, 1, 554.
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