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Sec. III]
STUDIES IN THE BHAGAWATI SUTRA
303
Thus it throws light upon this aspect of the economic life of that period. Other occupations
Besides the above mentioned arts and crafts and industries, the BhS inakes references to different classes of intelligentsia and professional men as marked out by their respective occupations adopted as means of living, such as, teachers Kalācārya (teacher of arts)', Silpācārya (technical teacher or expert)", Upadhyāya (a class of religious teachers), physician (vegja)”, interpreters of signs of dream (suviņalakkhaṇapādhaga)", musician (gitavādita), actor (natta)?, female dancer (naffia), painter, picture-exhibitor (mankha)", clown (daviyakārī)"0, buffoon, (hāsa kāra) and Kandappiya', flatterer (cāfukara), and others who supported themselves by their service both to the royal family and the government, e. g. standard bearers (laffhiggāhā), sword-bearers (asiggāhā), spear-bearers (kuintaggāhā), foot soldiers (payāyie), fetter-careers (pāsaygāhā), bow.careers (caraggāhā), account book-careers (potthayaggalā), etc. 1*
THIRD SECTION
Labour and Capital Labour
In the first stage of human civilization physical labour was the main power to provide man with food, cloth and shelter for the continuance of his life.
It has already been discussed in connection with the origin of the state in the third chapter on 'Political conditions' that when the Kalpavrkças (the wish yielding trees) got destroyed owing to a sudden change in Nature, the people, being struck with fear, approached Nābhi, the fourteenth Kulakara, to have
1 Bhs, (Comm.), 11, 11, 423, 3 I6, 8, 8, 339 ; 9, 33, 389. 8 Ib, 11, 11, 29. 9 16 15, 1, 539, 12 16. 9, 33, 385.
? Ib, 7, 9, 303.
4 I5, 16, 3, 572. 6.8 16, 11, 11, 430. 10.11 10, 11, 11, 430 ; 9, 33, 385
(See Comm. also).
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