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Sec. IX]
STUDIES IN THE BHAGAWATI SUTRA
in law through the president, so that it might not be neglected or tempered by the Elders of the Kula-court.
"Nigrahah panditaiḥ karyaḥ kṣiprameva pradhanataḥ".1 "Kuleṣu kalahā jātāḥ kulavṛddhairupekṣitāḥ".
145
According to Bhrgu the judicial body in a Gana was designated as Kulika and also Kula which was used by Katyayana as jury, so the Atthakulaka (or Asṭakulaka) referred to in the Atthakatha in connection with the judicial procedure should be taken in the sense of a judicial body consisting of eight members but not as representatives of eight clans of Rhys Davids."
The constitution and form of government of the Malla Republic of l'avā and Kuśināra was based on similar principles of those of the Licchavi state, as the former was always mentioned by the Buddhist works and the Arthasastra as republic along with other ones, viz. Licchavis, Vrjjka, Madraka, Kuru, Pancala, and others who "live by the title of 'Rajā”.
1 Mahabharata-Santi Parva, Ch. 107, 27. 2 Viramitrodaya, p. 11.
3 Katyayana is referred to in V. M., p. 41.
(Vanigbhyah Syat Katipaiḥ Kulabhūtaiḥ adhisthitam). 4 Cf. Rhys. Davids, Buddhist India, p. 22. Turnour-J. A. S. B., VII, 993 n. Mahaparinirvana Suttanta, 6-23. 6 Arthasastra-BOOK, XI, 378, p.
407.
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