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Sanskrit loan words in the Civakacintamani
181
The Skt. 'v' in most cases remains unchanged, be it initial or medial. For example : Skt.
Tamil 1 vajravacciram (hard)
2732 2 varņaPkt. vaņņa
vaņņam (paint)
1107 3 vrata
vatam (religious observance)
378 Pkt. vata4 pavitrapavittiram (pure)
2311 In the word pariyāļam, the Skt. 'v' has changed to 'y'. Skt. parivāra Pkt. pariyaļa) )
949 Tam. pariyāļam (followers) The sibilants :
Since Tamil has no sibilants in its consonant system, when Skt. words with sibilants ś, ş and s, are borrowed, these letters undergo certain changes to be adaped to the Tamil consonantal system. The following changes in the sibilants can be noted from the words used in the Cc. The sibilants' The palatal 's normally changes to 'c' in Tamil. For example : Skt.
Tamil 1 sunaka
cuñankan (dog)
960 2 sibika - civikai (a palanquin)
2379, 2628 3 sikha
cikai (hair)
195 Sometimes the medial ś changes to y and this change is also common in Malayalam. For example : Skt. smaśāna
Tam, mayābam (burial ground) Pkt, maśāņa The initial s is sometimes dropped. For example : Skt. sarana Tam, aranam (protection)
Mal. arap Skt. gmaśāna- Tam. mayānam (burial ground)
Mal, masāna The sibilant 's': The sibilant 's' normally changes to 'c'. For example:
Skt. dosaPkt. dosa - Tam. tocam (fault)
1784 Pal dosa
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