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202] [512 § 528 The term 'kāya' is used. Just as an atom, being only a point, does not have any other points, and is therefore called 'apradesha' (without parts), similarly, a time atom, being only one point, is also 'apradesha'. The term 'ajīva' is a general term for dharma, etc., because they do not possess the characteristics of a jīva. The terms 'dharma', 'adharma', 'ākāsha', and 'pudgala' are specific terms, which are compound. 8528. Here it is said, "In all the transformations of substances, only..." etc. It is asked, what are the substances mentioned in these sutras? The answer is: Dharma, adharma, ākāsha, and pudgala are the substances. ||2|| 8529. The word 'dravya' is derived from the root 'du', which means 'to obtain'. Therefore, the meaning of the word 'dravya' is that which is obtained by its own transformations, or which obtains transformations. Doubt: Is 'dravya' a category, and is it called 'dravya' because of its relation to this category? Answer: No, because this would not prove both. Just as a stick and a stick-holder are both separately established, and therefore their relation is established, similarly, 'dravya' and 'dravya-tva' are not separately established. If, even though they are not separately established, their relation is accepted, then the relation of a sky-flower and the second head of a natural man would also have to be accepted. If you accept their separate establishment, then the separate acceptance of 'dravya-tva' is useless. Doubt: If you say that 'dravya' is a collection of qualities, then also, in the absence of a difference between qualities and their collection, the term 'dravya' would not be appropriate. If you accept a difference, then the same fault arises as mentioned earlier. Doubt: If you say that 'dravya' is that which is obtained by qualities, or which obtains qualities, then also the same fault arises? Answer: No, because, in some cases there is a difference, and in some cases there is no difference, and therefore the term 'dravya' is established. Qualities and 'dravya' cannot exist without each other. 1. This is not its fault. 2. Dharma, adharma, ākāsha, and pudgala are the substances. 3. The second head of a natural man. 4. A collection of qualities is 'dravya'. 5. The term 'dravya' is established. 6. It obtains. 7. It is obtained.
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________________ 202] [512 § 528 'काय' ग्रहणम् । यथाऽणोः प्रदेशमात्रत्वाद् द्वितीयादयोऽस्य प्रदेशा न सन्तीत्यप्रवेशोऽणुः, तथा कालपरमाणु रप्येक प्रदेशत्वादप्रदेश इति । तेषां धर्मादीनाम् 'अजीव' इति सामान्य संज्ञा जीवलक्षणाभावमुखेन प्रवृत्ता । 'धर्माधर्माकाशेपुद्गलाः' इति विशेषसंज्ञाः सामयिक्यः । 8528. अत्राह, 'सर्वद्रव्यपर्यायेषु केवलस्य' इत्येवमादिषु द्रव्याण्युक्तानि कानि तानीत्युच्यते- सर्वार्थसिद्धी द्रव्यारि ||2|| 8529. यथास्वं पर्यायेद्र्यन्ते द्रवन्ति वा तानि इति द्रव्याणि । द्रव्यत्वयोगाद् द्रव्यमिति चेत् ? न; उभयासिद्धेः । यथा दण्डदण्डिनोर्योगो भवति पृथसिद्धयोः, न च तथा द्रव्यद्रव्यत्वे पृथसिद्धे स्तः । यद्य पृथक् सिद्धयोरपि योगः स्यादाकाशकुसुमस्य प्रकृत' पुरुषस्य द्वितीयशिरसश्च योगः स्यादिति । अथ पृथक् सिद्धिरभ्युपगम्यते, द्रव्यत्वकल्पना निरर्थिका । गुणसमुदायो' द्रव्यमिति चेत् ? तत्रापि गुणानां समुदायस्य च भेदाभावे तद् व्यपदेशो नोपपद्यते । भेदाभ्युपगमे च पूर्वोक्त एव दोषः । ननु गुणान्द्रवन्ति' गुणैर्वा द्र्यन्त' इति विग्रहेऽपि स एव दोष इति चेत् ? न ; कथंचिद्यहाँ 'काय' शब्दका ग्रहण किया है। जिस प्रकार अणु एक प्रदेशरूप होनेके कारण उसके द्वितीय आदि प्रदेश नहीं होते इसलिए अणुको अप्रदेशी कहते हैं उसी प्रकार काल परमाणु भी एक प्रदेशरूप होनेके कारण अप्रदेशी है। धर्मादिक द्रव्योंमें जीवका लक्षण नहीं पाया जाता, इसलिए उनकी अजीव यह सामान्य संज्ञा है । तथा धर्म, अधर्म, आकाश और पुद्गल ये उनकी विशेष संज्ञाएँ हैं जो कि यौगिक हैं । 8528. 'सर्वद्रव्यपर्यायेषु केवलस्य' इत्यादि सूत्रोंमें द्रव्य कह आये हैं । वे कौन हैं यह बतलाने के लिए आगेका सूत्र कहते हैं ये धर्म, अधर्म, आकाश और पुद्गल द्रव्य हैं ॥2॥ 8529 द्रव्य शब्दमें 'दु' धातु है जिसका अर्थ प्राप्त करना होता है । इससे द्रव्य शब्दका व्युत्पत्तिरूप अर्थ इस प्रकार हुआ कि जो यथायोग्य अपनी-अपनी पर्यायोंके द्वारा प्राप्त होते हैं या पर्यायों को प्राप्त होते हैं वे द्रव्य कहलाते हैं । शंका-द्रव्यत्व नामकी एक जाति है उसके सम्बन्धसे द्रव्य कहना ठीक है । समाधान नहीं, क्योंकि इस तरह दोनों की सिद्धि नहीं होती । जिस प्रकार दण्ड और दण्डी ये दोनों पृथक् सिद्ध हैं अतः उनका सम्बन्ध बन जाता है उस प्रकार द्रव्य और द्रव्यत्व ये अलग-अलग सिद्ध नहीं हैं। यदि अलग-अलग सिद्ध न होनेपर भी इनका सम्बन्ध माना जाता है तो आकाश-कुसुम का और प्रकृत पुरुषके दूसरे सिरका भी सम्बन्ध मानना पड़ेगा । यदि इनकी पृथक् सिद्धि स्वीकार करते हो तो द्रव्यत्वका अलगसे मानना निष्फल है । गुणोंके समुदायको द्रव्य कहते हैं यदि ऐसा मानते हो तो यहाँ भी गुणोंका और समुदायका भेद नहीं रहनेपर पूर्वोक्त संज्ञा नहीं बन सकती है । यदि भेद माना जाता है तो द्रव्यत्व के सम्बन्धसे द्रव्य होता है इसमें जो दोष दे आये हैं वही दोष यहाँ भी प्राप्त होता है । शंका - जो गुणोंको प्राप्त हों या गुणोंके द्वारा प्राप्त हों उन्हें द्रव्य कहते हैं, द्रव्यका इस प्रकार विग्रह करनेपर भी वही दोष प्राप्त होता है ? समाधान नहीं, क्योंकि कथंचित् भेद और कथंचित् अभेदके बन जानेसे द्रव्य इस संज्ञाकी सिद्धि हो जाती है। गुण और द्रव्य ये एक दूसरेको छोड़कर नहीं पाये 1. योऽस्य न मु । 2. धर्मोऽधर्म आकाशं पुद्गलाः इति आ., दि. 1, दि. 21 3. प्रकृतपुरुषद्वितीयआ., दि. 1, दि.2, ता । प्रकृतिपुरुषस्य द्वितीय मु । 4 गुणसंद्रावो द्रव्य- आ., दि. 1 दि. 2, ता., ना. । 5. सद्द्रव्यव्यप मु । 6. दूवति आ., दि. 1, दि. 2 । 7. दूयते आ., दि. 1, दि. 2 1 Jain Education International - For Private & Personal Use Only www.jainelibrary.org
SR No.001443
Book TitleSarvarthasiddhi
Original Sutra AuthorDevnandi Maharaj
AuthorFulchandra Jain Shastri
PublisherBharatiya Gyanpith
Publication Year1997
Total Pages568
LanguageHindi, Sanskrit
ClassificationBook_Devnagari, Philosophy, Tattvartha Sutra, & Tattvarth
File Size14 MB
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