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## Introduction (From the First Edition)
"Who am I, what is my nature, where did I come from, what is conducive to me, and how is it attained? The human being who does not contemplate these things is not capable of attaining their destination."
Acharya Vadi Singh has said these words in the Kshatracharamaṇi in the context of Tattvajñāna. This clearly conveys the duty of a human being. The contemplation of duty is the essence of life. Even those who are Tiryanch consider their duty and act accordingly, so the case of humans is even more significant.
In the life of every being, we see such extraordinary transformations that are unimaginable. Why does this happen? Is the external environment the only reason for this? A father has two children. They are raised in the same way. They receive education in the same school, yet there is a remarkable difference in their character and temperament. Why? There must be some unknown reason besides their physical structure. The seekers have deeply pondered this question. In response, they have given the world this experience: due to the karmas accumulated according to the inherent capabilities of the being, such diversity is seen in the lives of beings.
Observing the diversity of the world, they have said that the first state of this being is Nigoda. From time immemorial, this being has been eligible for this state. It is as rare to find a grain of sand in a vast expanse of sand as it is to escape from this state and attain another state. There is no count of other states. It is as rare for this being to become Panchendriya while wandering through them as it is for a human being to attain the quality of gratitude even after acquiring all other qualities. Even if it becomes Panchendriya, it does not benefit it much, because the state of being a human being is the only state where it can gather all the means for its progress. But attaining this is very difficult. The seekers have expressed this in these words through an example. They say that just as it is rare to find a heap of jewels placed on a crossroads, it is equally rare to find the human state while wandering through other states. Even if it attains the human state, it is even rarer to follow the path of duty by understanding its duties and non-duties.
Being human, this being gets entangled in countless attachments. Sometimes it worries about its children, wife, and home, and sometimes it spends its time worrying about its prestige. Its mind is not even slightly attracted towards self-realization. It worries about what is not its own, and it does not even look at what is its own. The result is that it does not cherish this rare human state with pride, but due to the lack of understanding of the right duty, it has to become eligible for endless torments again.