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ii
while the fifth arises out of the natural potentialities inherent in each. soul (pāriņāmika ). Thus, the first Gunasthana is audayika, the second pāriņāmika, the third, fifth, sixth and seventh kshayopasamika, the fourth aupasamika, kshāyika or kshayopasamika, eighth, ninth and tenth aupasamika or kshāyika, eleventh Aupasamika and the twelfth, thirteenth and fourteenth kshayika. The commentary explains these at great length.
The eighth and last prarupana ia Alpa-bahutva which, as its very name signifies, shows, in 382 Sūtras, the comparative numerical strength of the Gunasthanas and the Marganasthanas. It is here shown that the number of souls in the 8th, 9th and 10th Aupasamika Gunasthanas as well as in the 11th is the least of all and mutually equal. In the same three Kshapaka Gunasthanas and in the 12th, 13th and 14th, they are several times larger and mutually equal. This is the numerical order from the point of view of entries (pravesa) into the Gunasthanas. From the point of view of the aggregates (samcaya) the souls at the 13th stage are several times larger than the last class, and similarly larger at each successive stage are those at the 7th and the 6th stage respectively. Innumerably larger than the last at each successive stage are those at the 5th and the 2nd stage, and the last is exceeded several times by those at the 3rd stage. At the 4th stage they are innumerably larger and at the 1st infinitely larger successively. The whole discussion shows how the exact sciences like mathematics have been harnessed into the service of the most speculative philosophy. The results of these prarupanas we have tabulated in charts, as before, and added them to the Hindi introduction.
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