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A SOURCB-BOOK IN JAÍNA PHILOSOPHY denies the possibility of other meanings of the objects other than the cow. THE DOCTRINE OF PERMANENCE AND IMPERMANENCE
The Buddhists have advocated the doctrine of impermanence (ksånikavāda). Their cardinal principle is sarvam kşanikam, sarvar prthak, everything is a flux, nothing is permanent. But the Jainas do not find out any contradiction in the two categories of permanence and change. A thing may be permanent and also it may change. Change and permanence are the two stages of existence considered from different points of view. For instance, a thing may be permanent from the point of view of substance, but from the point of view of modes, it is changing. For example, the gold may be turned into an ornament or an idol of God The same thing will be melted and turned into a necklace. In this example, gold as a substance does not change, but its modes are changing and therefore the modes and permanence are both real from different points of view.
Thus we find that the Jaina and the Buddhist philosophers have many points of agreement although there are certain important differences. Primarily, the two currents of thought are the framanic currents of thought.
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