Source Book in Jaina Philosophy

SR No.: 001263
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Devendramuni
Publisher: Tarak Guru Jain Granthalay
Publication Year: 1983
Total Pages: 590
Language: English
Classification: Book_English & Philosophy
File Size: 10 MB

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A SOURCE-BOOK IN JAINA PHILOSOPHY
past or the future modifications. Sabdanaya studies the meaning and function of the word. Its primary emphasis is on getting the exact meaning of the word. Samabhirūdhanaya has reference to etymological meaning of the word. Evarbhūtanaya is more specific and it aims at finding out the exact meaning of the word in a particular situation and in a particular context with reference to the present. These nayas are based upon the concepts of unity and diversity. The principles of unity and diversity are operative in these nayas in different forms as shown below :
1. Naigamanaya emphasises that the unity and diversity both are important.
2. Sangrahanaya gives prominence to unity and in that (a) parasangraha emphasises absolute unity while (6) apara-sangraha gives prominence to relative unity or oneness.
3. Vyavahāranaya is concerned primarily with the diversity and difference of both absolute and relative types.
4. Rījusūtranaya gives importance to diversity and difference. 5. Sabdanaya similarly gives importance to difference.
6-7. Samabhirūąha and Evambhūta are also concerned with difference.
In these nayas, sangrahanaya emphasises non-difference or unity. Those which give emphasis on difference or diversity are five in number and naigamanaya gives importance to both difference and unity. The Jainas have said that unity and diversity, oneness and manyness, and substantiality and modifications are equally important and real. There cannot be any diversity without unity and there cannot be any unity without diversity. Both are real, both are complementary. One without the other is not possible.
- THE TWO TRADITIONS We have seen that the nayas can be classified into two types as (a) dravyārthika -- those concerned with the understanding of substance and (b) paryāyārthika -- those concerned with the understanding of the modes. There are two traditions in understanding these nayas. One is the metaphysical tradition and the other is the logical tradition,