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162 Harmless Souls
latent in Kundakunda's gāthā. Carefulness is something interior, an attitude; conversely, it is aśuddhopayoga which is at the root of all external 'carelessness' and the initiating cause of bondage. That is to say, it is aśuddhopayoga, the cause of the violence, which entails bondage; himsă in itself is karmically neutral. Amṛtacandra works hard to stitch all this together:
Since the existence of impure manifestation of consciousness, proved by careless behaviour, which does not occur without it, is hurtful since it is established that bondage is caused by the destruction of the lives of the six kinds of bodies; and since the absence of impure manifestation of consciousness proved by careful behaviour, which occurs when it is absent, is not hurtful; and because of the absence of even a small amount of bondage caused by the 'other' (viz. the ajīva), so that it is established that it is free from impurity, like a lotus lapped by water; therefore it is concluded that internal infringement, which has the form of impure manifestation of consciousness, should be prevented by all means by which external infringement, in the form of taking another life, which merely provides the occasion for that (internal infringement), is a fortiori prevented.84
Superimposed in this one gathā and its commentary there may be as many as three layers of doctrine: 1) an archaic himsă doctrine where any - even accidental - harm is binding, 2) a ritualised doctrine, where what counts is
84 Trans. after Faddegon [Kundakunda (3)] p. 164, of TD on
Pravac. 3:18:
ca
tadvinābhāvinā
yatas tadavinābhāvinā aprayatācāratvenaprasiddhyad aśuddhopayogasadbhavaḥ ṣaṭkāyaprāṇavyaparopapratyayabandhaprasiddhyā himsaka eva syāt | yataś prayatācāratvena prasiddhyad aäuddhopayogāsadbhāvaḥ parapratyaya bandhaleśasyāpy abhāvāj jaladurlalitam kamalam iva nirupalepatva prasiddher ahimsaka eva syāt | tatastaistaiḥ sarvaiḥ prakārair aśuddhopayogarūpo 'ntarangacchedaḥ pratiṣedhyo yairyais tadāyatanamātrabhutaḥ paraprāṇavyaparoparūpo bahirangacchedo dūrād eva pratiṣiddhaḥ syāt ||
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| SR No. | 001196 |
| Book Title | Harmless Soul |
| Original Sutra Author | N/A |
| Author | W J Johnson, Dayanand Bhargav |
| Publisher | Motilal Banarasidas |
| Publication Year | 1995 |
| Total Pages | 372 |
| Language | English |
| Classification | Book_English, Philosophy, & Principle |
| File Size | 20 MB |