Jaina Philosophy

SR No.: 001180
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Mohanlal Mehta
Publisher: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan
Publication Year: 1998
Total Pages: 328
Language: English
Classification: Book_English & Philosophy
File Size: 15 MB

Page 91

78
JAINA PHILOSOPHY: AN INTRODUCTION
The prakṛti and pradeśas of bondage result from the activities of thought, speech and body, while the sthiti and anubhāga result from the conditions of attachment and aversion.'
Samvara:
It is the antagonistic principle of asrava. It is also classified into two kinds, according to the internal and external nature of it. That modification of consciousness which is the cause of checking bhāva-asrava is known as bhava-samvara and that by which dravya-āsrava is checked is known as dravya-samvara.
It is divided into seven varieties, vrata (vow), samiti (carefulness), gupti (restraint), dharma (observance), anuprekṣā (meditation), parīṣahajaya (victory over troubles) and caritra (conduct). Each of these, again, is divided into various sub-classes.
The above-mentioned classification is from the Dravyasangraha. The Tattvärtha-sūtra does not mention 'vrata' as a variety. It mentions 'tapas' (penance) in place of 'vrata'.3 Nirjarā :
That modification of soul by which the matter of karma disappears partially is called bhāva-nirjarā. The destruction itself is known as dravya-nirjarā. Thus, nirjarā is the partial destruction of the karmas which are bound with the soul. This type of partial destruction takes place in two ways: (1) The matter of karma disappears in proper time after the fruits of such karma are enjoyed. (2) The matter of karma is destroyed through penances before the actual period of enjoyment
comes.
1. Ibid.
2. Asravanirodhaḥ samvaraḥ --- Tattvärtha-sutra. IX. 1.
3. Tapasă nirjarā ca --- Ibid., IX. 3.
4. Tattvärtha-sāra, VII. 2.