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Introduction
CCXLIJI
pattana. We saw how the keen rivalry between Gujarat and Mālava, and their rulers Bhīma and the famous literary king Bhoja was not only political but keenly intellectual also. We also saw how the poets and dialecticians from different parts of India used to visit this capital of Gurajara-desa where their literary and dialectical talents were put to test.
Tarka, Sāhitya and Lakshaņa - Logic and the Art of Dialectics, Literature and Poetics, Grammar and the Philosophy of Language-were the subjects affected by the cultured citizens of Anahillapura and proficiency in these subjects was a pass-port to the royal courts and the assemblies of the learned. The chaityas and the · Mathas of different sects, in fact, were the academies and the colleges where these subjects were discussed and taught. We referred to the great dialectician Şantisūri who had thirtytwo students studying under him Pramanaşāstra which included the Buddhist logic whose categories were difficult to grasp. ' * This atmosphere of learning, of public debates, and of literary criticism as also of literary compositions was a significant feature of the times which became more and more marked with the spread of political power of Aşahilla pura. We saw that when Jayasimha built his famous lake, he also built Mathas - something like residential colleges -
* From the following passage of the M. K. C. we learn that the works of Kaņāda, Akshapāda, Uddyotakara, Váchaspati and Udayana were being studied in Gujerat. Incidentally It also shows Vādī Devasūri's mastery of the works of these authors.
महर्षिः-देव ! अद्य श्री देवसूरेः प्रामाणिकमनोहारिणीं वाणीमाकर्ण्य विशीर्णः कणादाक्षपादभणितो पक्षपातः, उद्विग्नमुद्योतकरोक्तावन्तःकरण, भरुचिगोचरता#972 qrafyfdaft:, prafuarahryggnafrani ( p. 49).
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