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________________ vyavahAranayakI abhUtArthatAkA abhiprAya AcArya kundakundake samayasAra meM nimnalikhita gAthA pAyI jAtI hai"vavahAro'bhUyattho bhUyattho desido du suddhaNayo / bhUyatthamassido khalu sammAiTThI havai jIvo // 11 // " artha - ( jina zAsana meM ) vyavahAra nayako abhUtArthaM aura zuddhanaya arthAt nizcayanayako bhUtArtha kahA gayA hai / jisa jIvane bhUtArthanayarUpa zuddhanaya arthAt nizcayanayakA avalambana lekara vastutattvake svarUpakI pahicAna kara lI hai vaha jIva samyagdRSTi ho jAtA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki jIvoMko vastutattvake svarUpakI pahicAna bhUtArthanayarUpa zuddhanaya arthAt nizcayanaya dvArA hI ho sakatI hai / ataH isake lie pratyeka jIvako isa nayakA hI avalambana lenA cAhie / isa kathanakA spaSTIkaraNa isa prakAra hai ki jina- zAsana meM nizcayanaya aura vyavahAranaya aise do bheda nayoMke batalAye gaye haiM / naya pramANakA aMzarUpa hotA hai aura pramANa vacanAtmaka aura jJAnAtmaka do prakArakA hotA hai / ataH nizcaya aura vyavahArarUpa donoM prakArake naya bhI vacanAtmaka aura jJAnAtmakake bhedase do-do prakArake siddha hote haiM / vacanakA apane viSayabhUta padArtha ke sAtha pratipAdya - pratipAdakasambandha rahatA hai / arthAt bacana apane viSayabhUta padArthakA pratipAdaka hotA hai aura vaha padArtha usa vacanakA pratipAdya hotA hai / isI taraha jJAnakA apane viSayabhUta padArtha ke sAtha jJApya jJApakasambandha rahatA hai / arthAt jJAna apane viSayabhUta padArthakA jJApaka hotA hai aura vaha padArtha usa jJAnakA jJApya hotA hai| cUMki uparyukta gAthAmeM vyavahAranayako abhUtArthanaya kahA gayA hai, ataH isakA pratipAdya athavA prApya padArtha bhI abhUtArtha honA cAhie aura cU~ki upayukta gAthA meM hI nizcayanayako bhUtArthanaya kahA gayA hai ataH isakA pratipAdya athavA jJApya padArtha bhI bhUtArtha honA cAhie / yahI kAraNa hai ki upayukta gAthAko TIkAmeM AcArya zrIamRtacandrane likhA hai ki"vyavahArayo hi sarva eva abhUtArthatvAdabhUtamarthaM pradyotayati / zuddhanaya eka eva bhUtArthatvAdbhUtamarthaM pradyotayati / " artha - sampUrNa vyavahAranaya abhUtArthaM honeke kAraNa abhUta padArthakA pradyota karatA hai tathA zuddhanaya arthAt nizcayanaya eka hI aisA naya hai ki vaha bhUtArthaM honese bhUta padArthakA pradyota karatA hai isa kathanakA nicor3a yaha hai ki vacanarUpa vyavahAranaya abhUtArthaM honese apane viSayabhUta abhUta arthakA hI pratipAdana karatA hai aura jJAnarUpa vyavahAranaya bhI abhUtArthaM honese apane viSayabhUta abhUta arthakA hI jJApana karatA hai / isI prakAra vacanarUpa nizcayanaya bhUtArtha honese apane viSayabhUta bhUta arthakA hI pratipAdana karatA hai aura jJAnarUpa nizcayanaya bhI bhUtArtha honese apane viSayabhUta bhUta arthakA hI jJApana karatA hai / cU~ki uparyukta gAthA anusAra jIvako samyagdRSTi bananeke lie vastutattvake svarUpako pahicAna honA Avazyaka hai| tathA vastutattva svarUpakI pahicAna usakI bhUtArthatAkI pahicAnake Upara nirbhara hai aura isa bhUtArthatAkI pahicAna bhI upayukta gAthAkI TIkAke uparinirdiSTa uddharaNake anusAra bhUtArtha kahe jAnevAle nizcayanayake dvArA hI ho sakatI hai / ataH AcArya zrI kundakundane jIvako samyagdRSTi bananeke lie bhUtArtha kahe jAnevAle nizcayanayakA avalambana grahaNa karanekA upadeza diyA hai / aba yahA~ prazna yaha upasthita hotA hai ki padArthakI bhUtArthatA kyA vastu hai, jisake AdhArapara
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________________ 88 : sarasvatI-varavaputra paM0 baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana-prantha padArtha bhatArtha kahalAtA hai aura jisakA grahaNa bhUtArtha kahe jAnevAle nizcayanaya dvArA hotA hai ? isI taraha padArthako abhUtArthatA kyA vastu hai, jisake AdhArapara padArtha abhUtArtha kahalAtA hai aura jisakA grahaNa abhUtArtha kahe jAnevAle vyavahAranayadvArA hotA hai ? Age isI viSayapara vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / pratyeka vastumeM do prakArake dharma vidyamAna rahate haiM--eka to vastuke svataHsiddha dharma aura dUsare ApekSika dharma / prakRtimeM vastuke jitane svataHsiddha dharma hote haiM unheM hI bhUtArtha dharma samajhanA cAhie aura vastuke jitane ApekSika dharma hote haiM unheM hI abhUtArtha dharma samajhanA cAhie / vastuke svataHsiddha dharmoMko bhUtArtha kahanekA kAraNa yaha hai ki inake AdhArapara vastukA svatantra (svAvalambanapUrNa), svataHsiddha (anyakI apekSAke binA hI svake AdhArapara niSpanna), svAzrita (vastuko apanI hI sImAmeM rahanevAlA), vyApaka ( svako vyAptakara rahanevAlA), pratiniyata (anya sabhI vastuoMmeM nahIM pAyA jAnevAlA) aura zuddha (akhaNDa arthAt amizrita ekatvaviziSTa) svarUpa nizcita hotA hai| svataHsiddha dharmoM kI isa vizeSatAke AdhArapara hI ananta jIvadravya, ananta aNurUpa pudgaladravya, eka dharmadravya, eka adharmadravya, eka AkAzadravya aura asaMkhyAta aNurUpa kAladravya ye sabhI vastue~ apane-apane pRthak-pRthaka vyaktitvako dhAraNa kiye hae vizvameM anAdikAlase rahatI AyI haiM aura anantakAla taka rahanevAlI haiM / jIvadravyoMkA apanA-apanA citsvabhAva ( jJAyaka bhAva ), padagala dravyoMkA apanA-apanA rUpa-rasa-gandha-sparzavatva, dharmadravyakA jIvadravyoM aura pudagaladravyoMkI halana-calana kriyAmeM sahakAritva, adharmadravyakA jIvadravyoM aura padagaladravyoMkI sthitimeM sahakAritva, AkAzadravyakA samasta dravyoMko apane andara samA lenekI sAmarthyarUpa avagAhakatva aura kAladravyoMkA samasta dravyoMkI vartamAnatAmeM sAhAyyarUpa vartanA inake apane-apane svataHsiddha dharma haiN| agniko uSNatA aura jalakI zItalatA bhI kramase agnikA aura jalakA apanA-apanA svataHsiddha dharma hai kyoMki inake AdhArasara agnikA tathA jalakA bhI apanA-apanA svarUpa aura vyaktitva nirdhArita hotA hai| vastuke ApekSika dharma do prakArake hote haiN| eka prakArake ApekSika dharma ve haiM jo bhedake AdhArapara vastu meM utpanna hote haiM aura dusare prakArake ApekSika dharma ve haiM jo anya vastuke AdhArapara vastumeM utpanna hote haiN| ina sabhI ApekSika dharmoko abhUtArtha kahanekA kAraNa yaha hai ki ye dharma vastumeM sarvadA vidyamAna na rahaneke kAraNa usake svarUpa aura vyaktitvakA nirdhAraNa karaneme sahAyaka nahIM hote haiN| jIvake andara mukti aura saMsAra tathA saMsArameM bhI vividha avasthAoM kRta bhedake AdhArapara taratamabhAvase pAye jAnevAle darzana, jJAna aura cAritra bheda sApekSa ApekSika dharma haiM tathA jIvake andara hI paudgalikakarmoM ke sahayogake AdhArapara taratamabhAvase pAye jAnevAle rAga, dveSa, moha Adi audayika bhAva tathA kSAyopazamika Adi bhAva anya vastu sApekSa ApekSika dharma hai| isI prakAra jalameM pAyI jAnevAlI uSNatA bhI anya vastu-sApekSa ApekSika dharma hai| jIvameM pAye jAnevAle rAga, dveSa aura moharUpa audayika bhAva usa usa paudgalikakarmakA udaya honepara hI utpanna hote hai tathA kSAyopazamikAdibhAva usa-usa podagalikakarmake kSayopazama Adike honepara hI utpanna hote haiN| isI taraha jalameM pAI jAnevAlI uSNatA bhI agnike sahayogase utpanna hotI hai| ataH ye sabhI dharma anya vastu-sApekSa ApekSika dharma kahe gaye haiN| vastuke svataHsiddha dharma vastumeM sarvadA pAye jAte haiM, kabhI bhI inakA abhAva nahIM hotA / ataH inheM kathaMcit sadbhUta (sadbhAva prApta) aura kathaMcit asadbhUta (abhAva prApta) dharma mAnA gayA hai / jaise jIvake
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________________ 3 / dharma aura siddhAnta : 89 citsvabhAva (jJAyakabhAva) meM jaba taka bhedako vivakSA hotI hai taba taka darzana, jJAna aura cAritrakA sadbhAva siddha hotA hai aura yadi bhedakI vivakSA na rahe to darzana, jJAna tathA cAritrakI sthiti bhI nahIM rahato hai| jIvameM bhedakI yaha vivakSA tabhI taka rahatI hai jaba taka ki darzana, jJAna aura cAritrarUpase citsvabhAva (jJAyakabhAva) ke vibhAjanako upayogitA sAmane rahA karatI hai aura yadi citsvabhAvake darzana, jJAna aura cAritrarUpase vibhAjanakI upayogitA na ho to phira jIvake citsvabhAvamAtrakI hI sthiti raha jAtI hai / isaprakAra darzana, jJAna aura cAritra jIvoMke kathaMcita sadabhata aura kathaMcita asadabhata dharma haiN| isI prakAra jaba taka usa-usa paudgalikakarmakA udaya vidyamAna rahatA hai taba taka jIvameM rAga, dveSa aura mohakA sadbhAva rahA karatA hai aura yadi usa-usa karmake udayakA abhAva ho jAtA hai to. jIvameM rAga, dvaSa tathA mohakA bhI abhAva ho jAtA hai| yahI bAta jIvake kSAyopazamikAdi bhAvoMke viSayameM bhI samajha lenI cAhie / isI prakAra jabataka jalako agnikA sahayoga prApta rahatA hai tabataka usameM uSNatAkA bhI sadbhAva rahA karatA hai aura yadi jalako agnikA sahayoga milanA banda ho jAtA hai to jalakI uSNatA bhI samApta ho jAtI hai / isa prakAra anya vastu sApekSaApekSika dharma bhI kathaMcit sadbhUta aura kathaMcit asadbhUta mAne gaye haiN| darpaNameM padArthakA pratibimba par3anA bhI pratibimbita honevAle padArthake avalambana janya darpaNakA ApekSika dharma hai aura miTTIkI kumbhakAranimittaka ghaTaparyAya bhI miTTIkA ApekSika dharma (avasthA) hai / parantu inameM antara yaha hai ki pratibimbita padArthakA avalambana samApta hote hI darpaNa apanI svaccha avasthAko prAptakara letA hai / lekina kumbhakArako nimittatA samApta honepara bhI dravyaparyAya honeke kAraNa miTTIkI ghaTaparyAya banI rahatI hai / jJAnakI padArthake avalambanapUrvaka honevAlI upayogAkAra pariNati bhI jJAnakA ApekSika dharma haiM / ye saba dharma bhI kathaMcit sadbhuta aura kathaMcit asadbhuta hI huA karate haiM aura inakA jJAna tathA kathana bhI jJAna tathA vacanarUpa vyavahAranayase hI hotA hai / ___isa taraha yoM bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki ina yA isI tarahake anya ApekSika dharmokI kathaMcit sadbhUtatA aura kathaMcit asadbhUtatA hI vastukI abhUtArthatA tathA svataHsiddha dharmokI sarvathA sadbhUtatA hI vastukI bhUtArthatA jAnanA caahiye| bhatArthatAke kathanake lie AgamameM yathArtha, nizcaya, vAstavika tathA mukhya Adi zabdoMkA bhI prayoga milatA hai aura abhUtArthatAke kathanake lie ayathArtha, vyavahAra, Aropita tathA gauNa Adi zabdoMkA bhI prayoga milatA hai| parantu phira bhI ina saba zabdoMkA prayoga hote hue bhI jisa taraha bhUtArtha dharmokI sarvathA sadbhatatA surakSita rahatI hai usI taraha abhUtArtha dharmokI kathaMcit sadbhUtatA aura kathaMcit asadbhUtatA bhI surakSita rahatI hai / isalie jisa prakAra bhUtArthako grahaNa karanevAlA nizcayanaya apanI satyatAko surakSita rakhatA hai / usI prakAra abhUtArthako grahaNa karanevAlA vyavahAranaya bhI apanI satyatAko surakSita rakhatA hai| yadi aisA na ho to phira AkAzake puSpa tathA gadheke sIMgakI taraha vyavahAranayakA viSaya sarvathA asadabhata hI ho jAyagA, jisase vyavahAranayakI prAmANikatA sarvathA lapta ho jAyagI / isa taraha taba use vyavahAranaya kahanA hI asaMgata hogA, kyoMki AgamameM pramANakA aMza honeke kAraNa nizcayanayakI taraha vyavahAranayako bhI prAmANikarUpameM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai aura vyavahAranayakI prAmANikarUpameM sthiti tabhI svIkAra kI jA sakatI hai jabaki usakA viSayabhata padArtha AkAzake paSpa tathA gadheke sIMgakI taraha sarvathA abhAvAtmaka na ho / yahI kAraNa hai ki AcArya amatacandrane samayasAra, gAthA 14 kI AtmakhyAti-TIkAmeM, pAnomeM, DUbe hue kamalapatrakA jo pAnIke sAtha saMsparza ho rahA hai usa saMsparzako tathA pAnIkI agnike sahayogase jo uSNatAmaya paryAya banatI hai usa uSNatAmaya paryAyako vyavahAranayakA viSaya honeke kAraNa sadbhUta arthAt sadbhAva 12
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________________ 90 : sarasvatI-dharavaputra paM0 baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana-prantha prApta padArtha mAnA hai| yaha mAnI haI bAta hai ki parAzrita aura asthAyI honeke kAraNa pAnIke sAtha ho rahA saMsparza kamalapatrakA aura agnike sahayogase ho rahI uSNatAmaya paryAya pAnIkA svataHsiddha dharma nahIM hai aura yahI kAraNa hai ki ve donoM nizcayanayake viSaya nahIM haiN| lekina svataHsiddha dharma na honese yadi unako AkAzake puSpa aura gadheke sIMgakI taraha sarvathA asadbhuta (abhAvAtmaka) hI mAnA jAya to phira unheM vyavahAranayakA viSaya kaise mAnA jA sakegA ? tathA taba jIvoMko jalake sAtha ho rahe kamalapatrake saMsparzakA aura jalakI agnike sahayogase ho rahI uSNatAmaya paryAyakA jo bhAna hotA hai use kyA bhramajJAna nahIM kahA jAyagA? aura yadi aise jJAnoMko bhramajJAna mAnA jAtA hai to isake atirikta vyavahAranaya phira kyA vastu mAnI jAyagI ? jo jaina mAnyatAko vedAntakI mAnyatAse pRthaka kara ske| ataH yahI svIkAra karanA cAhie ki jisaprakAra vastumeM nizcayanayake viSayabhata svataHsiddha dharmoMkA sarvathA sadabhAva rahatA hai usI prakAra vastumeM vyavahAranayake viSayabhUta bheda-sApekSa aura anya vastu-sApekSa ApekSika dharmoMkA bhI kathaMcit sadbhAva aura kathaMcit abhAva rahatA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki kamalapatrakA jalake sAtha ho rahA saMsparza va jalakI agnisahayogajanya uSNatAmaya paryAya donoM hI jaba jIvoMke anubhavameM Ate haiM to jabataka vaha apekSA vidyamAna hai tabataka unakI ApekSika dharmake rUpameM sadbhUtatAko asvIkRta karanekI kauna himmata kara sakatA hai ? / isa prakAra kamalapatrakA jalake sAtha ho rahA saMsparza, jalakI agnike sahayogase niSpanna haI uSNatAmaya paryAya, miTTokI kumbhakArake sahayogase utpanna honevAlI ghaTarUpa paryAya, darpaNameM padArthake avalambanase par3anevAlA padArthakA pratibimba, aura jJAnakI padArthaka avalambanase padArthajJAnarUpa pariNati ye saba usa-usa vastukI ApekSika avasthAke rUpameM jaba taka apekSA banI huI hai taba taka sadbhuta hai / isI prakAra kamalapatrakA jalake sAtha ho rahe saMsparzameM jalakA sahayoga, jalakI uSNatAmaya paryAyameM agnikA sahayoga, miTTIkI ghaTaparyAyameM kumbhakArakA sahayoga, darpaNameM par3a rahe padArthake pratibimbameM padArthakA sahayoga aura jJAnakI padArthajJAnarUpa pariNatimeM padArtha kA sahayoga ye saba usa-usa vastuke ApekSika dharmake rUpameM jabataka apekSita hai tabataka sadbhuta hai aura isIlie ye sabhI pratipAdya-pratipAdakabhAvakI apekSA vacanarUpa vyavahAranayake tathA jJApya-jJApaka bhAvakI apekSA jJAnarUpa vyavahAranayake viSaya hai evaM kyoMki ye saba usa-usa vastuke svataH siddha dharma yA svataH utpanna honevAle dharmoke rUpameM sarvathA sadbhata nahIM haiM, isIlie ye saba pratipAdya-pratipAdakabhAvakI apekSA bacanarUpa nizcayake tathA jJApya-jJApakabhAvakI apekSA jJAnarUpa nizcayanayake viSaya nahIM haiM / sAthameM yaha bhI nizcita samajhanA cAhie ki vyavahAranayake viSaya honeke kAraNa uparyukta sabhI dharma AkAzake puSpa tathA gadheke sIMgakI taraha sarvathA asadbhUta bhI nahIM haiN| isIprakAra AtmAmeM usa-usa pudgalakarmake udayase utpanna honevAle rAga, dveSa aura moha Adi audayika bhAvoM tathA usa-usa pudgalakarmake kSayopazama Adike AdhArapara AtmAmeM utpanna honevAle kSAyopazamikAdibhAvoMke viSayameM bhI kathaMcit sadbhUtapane aura kathaMcit asadbhUtapaneko mAnyatA hI yuvata hai / eka bAta aura hai ki yadi vyavahAranayake viSayabhUta ukta sabhI dharmoko yA isI prakArake anya dharmoko sarvathA asadbhUta mAnA jAyagA to isakA samayasArakI gAthA 14 ko AtmakhyAtiTIkAse sAtha hI unake viSayameM jIvoMko honevAle sadbhUtatAke anubhavake to viruddha hogA hI lekina isa tarahase to do Adi pudgala paramANuoMke paraspara-saMyogase niSpanna dvayaNuka Adi skandhoMko kathaMcid sadbhUtatA bhI samApta ho jAyagA, jisakA pariNAma yaha hogA ki lokameM jitanA-jitanA skandhAzrita vyavahAra calatA hai aura prANiyoMko jo
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________________ 3 | dharma aura siddhAnta : 91 skandhoMkI sadbhutatAkA anubhava hotA hai vaha saba bhI mithyA kalpanAkI vastu raha jAyagI, kyoMki do Adi paramANuoMke mizraNase hI to dvaya Nuka Adi skandhoMkA nirmANa hotA hai| parantu jaba yaha siddhAnta nizcita hai ki pratyeka aNu dUsare eka yA aneka aNuoMke sAtha baddhatA (mizraNa) ko prApta hokara bhI svatantra dravya honeke kAraNa sarvadA apanI-apanI AkRti, prakRti aura vikRtimeM hI rahatA hai, kabhI na to dUsare aNurUpa ho sakatA hai aura na dUsare aNuoMke guNadharmoko hI apane andara lAtA hai to vyaNukAdi skandhoMkI korI kalpanAke atirikta aura kyA sthiti raha jAyagI ? isa prakAra yaha nizcita ho jAtA hai ki vastumeM bhedake AdhArase athavA paravastuke AdhArase jitane abhUtArtha dharma siddha hote haiM ve saba isa lekhameM darzAye gaye prakArase kathaMcit sadbhuta aura kathaJcit asadbhUta hI hote haiN| na to bhUtArtha dharmoMkI taraha sarvathA sadbhuta hI hote haiM aura na AkAzake puSpa tathA gadheke sIMgakI taraha sarvathA asadbhata ho hote haiM / athavA yoM kahiye ki svataHsiddhatAke rUpameM sarvathA sadabhuta rahanA ho vastuko bhRtArthatA hai aura sApekSatAke rUpameM kathaJcit sadbhuta aura kathaJcit asadbhUta rahanA hI vastukI abhatArthatA hai / samayasArakI ullikhita gAthA 11 ke bhUtArtha aura abhUtArtha zabdoMkA isI prakAra vizleSaNa karanA caahie|