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________________ vyAvahArika jaina pratimAnoM kI Adhunika prANisaMkatA merA janma tathA Arambhika lAlana-pAlana mandasaura ( ma0pra0) meM huaa| kahate haiM ki yaha eka prAcIna nagara hai jisakA aitihAsika nAma dazapura hai| jaina muniyoM ke pravacanoM meM sunA thA ki apanI tIrthaMkarAvasthA meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kA Agamana isa nagara meM huA thA tathA dazArNa pradeza ke tatkAlIna nareza ne bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samIpa dIkSA aMgIkAra kI thii| Aja bhI isa nagara meM jaina dharmAvalambiyoM kI saMkhyA kAphI hai / una dinoM (aura mAlUma nahIM kadAcit Aja bhI ) mandasaura nagara sAmpradAyika vidveSa tathA kalaha ke lie kukhyAta thaa| jainadharma ke vibhinna sampradAya evaM upasampradAyoM meM vyApta kleza bhI kabhI-kabhI hiMsAtmaka rUpa dhAraNa kara letA thA / jaba maiM kizorAvasthA taka pahuMcA taba taka merA mana eka vicitra prakAra kI anAsthA se bhara gayA thA / jaina muniyoM se sunA thA ki jahAM-jahAM bhagavAna ke caraNAravinda par3e vaha atizaya kSetra kahalAtA hai tathA vahAM ke vAtAvaraNa meM pavitratA vyApta rahatI hai; parantu mujhe pratyakSa dikhAI detA thA ki Adhunika magadha, vaizAlI, mAlava Adi sabhI kSetra to hiMsA, anAcAra, zoSaNa tathA kalaha ke kendra bane hue the| kyA bhagavAna mahAvIra kA prabhAva ina sthAnoM se samApta ho gayA thA ? DaoN0 la0 ke0 oGa kabhI-kabhI manastaraMga mujhe itihAsa ke usa yuga meM le jAkara khar3A kara detI thI, jaba svayaM bhagavAna mahAvIra kabhI rAjagRhI nagarI ke nAlandI pAThA meM, to kabhI zrAvastI nagara ke guNasilla udyAna meM, to kabhI vaizAlI nagara meM aura kabhI ujjainI ke caityAlaya meM dharmopadeza dete dikhAI dete tathA aneka rAjA-rAniyAM, zreSThigaNa bhagavAna kA upadeza sunakara dIkSA lete, zrAvakAcAra grahaNa karate tathA bhavyajIva AtmakalyANa kA mArga apanAte / isake sAtha hI mujhe usa yuga ke yuddha tathA pArasparika kalaha bhI yAda aate| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke anuyAyI mahArAjA ceTaka tathA unhIM ke jAmAtA magadha ke zreNika nareza ke bIca yuddha zreNika aura komika donoM pitA-putra aura donoM mahAvIra ke anuyAyI hote hue bhI eka-dUsare ke janmajAta zatru tatkAlIna vaizAlI aura magadha ke choTe se bhUkhaNDa ke aneka jaina dharmAvalambI rAjAoM meM eka-dUsare ke rAjya ko har3apa lene kI vRtti / ina saba durvRttiyoM ko bhagavAna mahAvIra roka nahIM paae| usa yuga meM bhI vyakti kA nijI AcAra tathA sAmAjika AcAra alaga-alaga bane rhe| rAjA ceTaka apane yuddha pratidvandvI udayana ko eka ora bandI banAkara kArAgRha meM DAla sakate haiM, parantu sAMvatsarika pratikramaNa ke uparAnta apane bandI se kSamAyAcanA karate haiM kyoMki rAjA ke rUpa meM yuddhadharma kA AcAra bhinna haiM, jisa para nijI jIvana ke AdarzoM kI chApa par3anA Avazyaka nahIM hai / AcAra-sambandhI yaha duvidhA bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya se lekara Aja taka jaina dharmAvalambiyoM meM dekhI jA sakatI hai| ukta dvidhApUrNa paristhitiyoM meM merA mana bArambAra vidroha karatA aura maiM apane atyanta dharmabhIru mAtA-pitA se prazna karatA ki kyA bhagavAna mahAvIra ke siddhAnta zAstroM meM par3hane taka sImita haiM aura kyA isa vyAvahArika jagata meM kabhI bhI unakA prayoga huA athavA unake vyavahAra meM Ane kI kabhI sambhAvanA ho bhI sakatI hai ? mujhe unake dainika jIvana meM pAnI kA sImita vyavahAra, vanaspati kA sImita upayoga, muMha para vastra bAMdhakara sAmAyika ke Asana para baiThanA, jAnabUjhakara kisI bhI trasa jIva ko kaSTa na pahuMcAne kI vRtti, agniArambha para niyantraNa, vairabhAva se yukta viSAkta prANiyoM kI bhI rakSA karane kI vRtti, samaya-samaya para vrata-upavAsa, vANI meM saMyama Adi aneka AcaraNoM kA aucitya samajha meM nahIM AtA / mere jijJAsu kizora mana ko unake zraddhAyukta AzAvAdI uttara santuSTa nahIM kara pAte; parantu eka dina unhoMne bar3I dRr3hatA ke sAtha kahA ki vaha samaya zIghra Ane vAlA hai jaba mAnava samAja ekAntika matavAda kA tyAga karake bhagavAna mahAvIra ke anekAntika siddhAnta ko svIkAra karegA tathA isa sRSTi kI naisargika evaM mAnavIya paristhitiyAM parasparopagraho jIvAnAm" ke siddhAnta ko aMgIkAra karane ke lie manuSya ko bAdhya kara deMgI / bhaviSyavANiyoM meM merA vizvAsa kabhI nahIM rahA, parantu bhaviSya zAstra (Futurology ) meM avazya ruci rahI hai aura isIlie AcArya ratna zrI vezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana granya 110 .
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________________ bhAvita prAguktiyoM (Probable Forecast)kA maiM rucipUrvaka vizleSaNa tathA avalokana karatA rahatA huuN| mere pitAjI kI prAgukti to zraddhA samanvita thI, parantu usake bAda haramana kAnha, elvina TaoNpalara Adi aneka bhaviSya zAstrI lekhakoM kI pustakeM prakAzita huI aura unameM pratidina samApta hone vAle prAkRtika srotoM kI tarapha manuSya kA dhyAna AkRSTa kiyA gayA, to mujhe mere pitAjI kI prAguktiyAM punaH smaraNa Ane lgiiN| bIsavIM zatAbdI ke uttarAMza meM jo vaijJAnika anveSaNa hue haiM tathA jisa prakAra ke rAjanaitika tathA Arthika parivartana hue haiM, unase dhIre-dhIre aba aisA AbhAsa hone lagA hai ki yadi hamArI isa pRthvI ko mAnava ke rahane lAyaka banAe rakhanA hai, to bhagavAna mahAvIra ke siddhAntoM ko hamAre dainika jIvana vyavahAra meM apanAnA hogA, athavA mAnava sRSTi kA vinAza avazyambhAvI hai| dainika jIvana meM sUkSma evaM 'bAdara' hiMsA kA tyAga jaina darzana meM jIvoM kI vyAkhyA atyanta vizada tathA sUkSma rUpa se kI gaI hai| jainAgama meM jIva kA lakSaNa 'upayoga' mAnA gayA hai arthAt jisameM jJAnAdi kA ekAMza yA vizeSAMza hai--vaha jIva hai| jIva dravya cetanA guNa kA dhAraka hotA hai, indriyagamya nahIM hotA tathA saMkoca-vistAra kI zakti se yukta tathA asaMkhyAtapradezI eka dravya hotA hai (uttarAdhyayana, adhyAya 28) / jIva jisa mAdhyama se pravyakta hotA hai, use kAyA kahate haiM, jo utpanna hotI hai, vRddhi pAtI hai tathA jisakA kSaya hotA hai| ekakozIya jIva se lekara aneka paryAyoM vAle jIvoM kA savistAra vivecana jaina tattvajJAna kA mUlAdhAra rahA hai| jaina darzana meM kevala ekendriya jIva se lekara paJcendriya jIvoM kA sthUla vargIkaraNa hI nahIM milatA apitu ekendriya jIvoM kA bhI pAMca pramukha "kAyA" rUpoM meM zreNIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| vaijJAnika gaveSaNAoM ne abhI taka vanaspati kAyA ke jIdoM kA astitva svIkAra kiyA hai, aura sAtha hI anya "kAyA" meM yathA-pRthvIkAya, apkAya, vAyukAya evaM tejasa kAya meM parivyApta bekTeriyala jIvANuoM kI upasthiti ko bhI svIkAra kiyA hai parantu inheM svayaM jIva ke rUpa meM nahIM mAnA gayA, kyoMki vijJAna dvArA mAnya "jIva" kI paribhASA meM inakA samAveza nahIM ho paataa| kAlAntara meM isa bAta kI pUrI sambhAvanA najara AtI hai ki jIva kI mAnya paribhASA ko adhika vyApaka banAyA jAegA tathA sabhI prakAra ke sUkSma-bAdara, paryApta-aparyApta, trasa-sthAvara jIvoM ke astitva ko svIkAra karake una sabake prati saMvedanazIlatA bar3hatI jaaegii| sthUla zreNIkaraNa ke atirikta jaina tAttvikoM ne vikAsa-krama kI dRSTi se jIvoM kA punarvargIkaraNa kiyA hai| sabhI paMcendriya jIva bhI eka koTi meM nahIM aate| unameM bhI aneka prakAra ke alpavikasita mastiSka vAle asaMjJI jIva haiM aura vikasita mastiSka evaM buddhi vAle saMzI jIva jinameM manuSya hI nahIM apitu devatA bhI haiM, isI koTi ke vikAsa krama meM Ate haiN| jaina darzana ke anusAra dainika jIvana meM pratyeka vyakti se yaha apekSA kI gaI hai ki vaha yathAsaMbhava sabhI jIvoM kI rakSA kare; dUsare zabdoM meM sabhI prakAra kI hiMsA kA tyAga kre| pratyeka vyakti se yaha AzA kI jAtI hai ki vaha apane jIvana vyavahAra ko isa prakAra saMyata ravakhe jisase ki jo jIva-vadha kevala asAvadhAnI se hotA hai use to bacAyA hI jA ske| ukta pariprekSya meM hI jaina dharmAvalambI anAvazyaka pAnI kA apavyaya nahIM karate, tathA utanA hI jala kA prayoga karate haiM jitanA jIvana jIne ke lie Avazyaka hai| yahI bAta bhUmi-saMrakSaNa, UrjA-saMrakSaNa, vAyu-saMrakSaNa, vanaspati-saMrakSaNa tathA samagra trasa (jaMgama) jIvoM ke saMrakSaNa ke bAre meM kahI jA sakatI hai / ina saba kAryoM meM jIva vidyamAna hai ataH inakA upayoga sAvadhAnIpUrvaka karanA caahie| jaina darzana ke ukta jIvana vyavahAra kA mahatva Aja kI paristhiti meM atyadhika bar3ha gayA hai| haramana kAnTa tathA anya bhaviSya zAstriyoM ne prAgukti kI hai ki hamArI pRthvI ke prAkRtika sAdhanoM kA avicArI durupayoga hama jisa nirdayatA ke sAtha kara rahe haiM, usako rokA nahIM gayA, to hamArI mAnava sRSTi eka zatAbdI se adhika jIvita nahIM raha skegii| ina prAguktiyoM ke bAda antarrASTrIya tathA rASTrIya staroM para "paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa" para dhyAna diyA jAne lgaa| __ sahasroM varSoM se manuSya pRthvI ke garbha se amUlya khanijoM ko prApta karatA rahA hai, tathA bhUmi ke Upara kRSi karake dhana-dhAnya utpanna karatA rahA hai| prakRti kA cakra kucha isa prakAra saMcAlita hotA rahatA hai ki yadi manuSya usameM atireka na kare to sabhI prANI eka-dUsare ke sahayoga se sukhapUrvaka jIvana vyatIta kara sakate haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne DArvina ke "jIvo jIvasya bhojanam" ke nakArAtmaka siddhAnta ke sthAna para sakArAtmaka kathana kiyA-"parasparopagraho jiivaanaam"| audyogIkaraNa ke Agamana ke sAtha hamane prakRti kA zoSaNa atyanta nirdayatA ke sAtha kiyA hai tathA prAkRtika saMtulana ko bigAr3a diyA hai| jaina darzana meM pandraha karmAdAnoM niSedha kiyA gayA hai| ina pandraha karmAdAnoM meM isa prakAra ke "mahAraMbha" sammilita kie jAte haiM, jaise vanoM kA samUlanAza karavAnA, bhUmi ke garbha ko zUnya banA denA, bhUmi kI upaja-zakti kI rakSA kie binA usase itanA utpAdana lenA ki vaha baMjara bhUmi bana jAe, jala-saMsAdhanoM ko dUSita karanA tathA unake prAkRtika Agamana-nigamana meM avarodha upasthita karanA, UrjA zakti kA apavyaya karanA ityAdi / "parasparopagrahaH jIvAnAm" ke siddhAntAnusAra prakRti evaM manuSya hI nahIM, balki sRSTi ke sabhI jIva eka-dUsare para Azrita haiM tathA eka-dUsare ke sahayoga se jIvana yApana karate haiN| yadi manuSya apane jIvana-yApana hetu prakRti se kucha letA jaina dharma evaM mAcAra 111
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________________ hai to badale meM use kucha denA bhI hotA hai| prakRti kA AdhAra zoSaNa nahIM apitu sahayoga hai / vRkSa ke phala, phUla aura lakar3I utanI hI upayoga meM lI jAnI cAhie jitanI ki punarva kSAropaNa dvArA punassthApita kI jA ske| vanoM ke avicArI vinAza ke phalasvarUpa hamAre vAyumaNDala meM jo asaMtulana AyA hai usase hama saba bhalIbhAMti paricita haiN| bhArata ke kucha kSetroM meM ativRSTi hai to kucha meM anAvRSTi athavA nyUna vRSTi / isakA eka kAraNa vana sampadA kA avicArI durupayoga rahA hai| vanoM ke kAraNa kevala varSA hI AkRSTa nahIM hotI thI apitu jala saMrakSaNa bhI hotA thA aura bAr3he bhI rukatI thIM aura vAyu-maNDala manuSya jIvana ke lie svAsthyakArI rahatA thaa| hamArA dhyAna punaH eka bAra isa ora AkRSTa huA hai| isa vicAra ko zuddha bauddhika AdhAra para grahaNa karane kI apekSA ise zraddhAsamanvita banAne kI AvazyakatA hai / vana-saMrakSaNa evaM vRkSAropaNa donoM hI Aja ke jIvana kI AvazyakatAeM haiN| jaina AcAra ke anusAra pratyeka mahArambha mahAhiMsA ko janma detA hai kyoMki mahArambha (Large Scale Enterprise) jisa gati se prAkRtika sAdhanoM ko naSTa karatA hai usa gati se usakI sampUrti nahIM karatA / pRthvI ke garbha meM naye khanijoM kA nirmANa bhI hotA hai aura unako manuSya apane upayoga ke lie bAhara bhI nikAlatA hai / audyogIkaraNa ke phalasvarUpa pRthvI ke garbha ko hamane itanA khokhalA banA diyA hai ki khanijoM kI svAbhAvika vRddhi kI zakti lagabhaga naSTa hotI jA rahI hai| Aja khanija teloM kA abhAva hI hama anubhava kara pA rahe haiM, parantu yadi isI gati se lohA, koyalA, tAmbA Adi anya khanija bhI nikAle jAte rahe to pRthvI vandhyA ho jaaegii| jaina AcAra saMhitA ke anusAra khanijoM ko nikAlane kI gati manda karane tathA khAlI kI gaI khadAnoM kA punarupacAra karane kI AvazyakatA hai| kRSi karma meM hamane isa deza meM yantrIkaraNa kA kucha varSa pUrva hI Arambha kiyA gayA hai| kRSi kI upaja bar3hAne ke lie hamane unnata bIja, rAsAyanika khAda tathA yAntrika upakaraNoM kA prayoga Arambha kiyA parantu inameM bhI mahArambha kI AzaMkA vyApta ho gaI hai| hamAre pazu-dhana- saMyukta kRSi karma meM prAkRtika saMtulana kAyama rakhane kI prakriyA saMnihita thii| pazuoM kA gobara khAda kA kAma karatA tathA manuSya ke khAne lAyaka sAmagrI ke bAda jo ghAsa phUsa, cUrI, khalI Adi bace rahate use pazu AhAra ke rUpa meM prayukta kiyA jAtA / aba yAntrIkaraNa ke phalasvarUpa TraikTara usa khanija tela kA upabhoga karatA hai, jo zanaiH zanaiH naSTa hotA jA rahA hai tathA upautpAdya ke rUpa meM vAyu maNDala ko dUSita karane vAlA dhuMA pradAna kiyA jAtA hai| isa prAkRtika asaMtulana ke kAraNa kucha samaya ke lie anAja to zAyada vipula mAtrA meM mila jAe parantu vAyumaNDala dUSita ho rahA hai, pRthvI kI upajAU zakti zanaiH zanaiH ghaTa rahI hai, dUdha-dahI kA abhAva ho rahA hai, pazudhana kSINa hotA jA rahA hai aura sthiti aba aisI A gaI hai ki "DIjala" kI kamI kA prabhAva kRSi para bhI Ane lagA hai| jaina AcAra ke anusAra zasya-vRddhi, bhojana- lipsA para saMyamana, pazu saMvardhana tathA pRthvI kI upajAU zakti ke saMrakSaNa kA kArya sAtha-sAtha calanA caahie| vaijJAnika pragati ke kAraNa jala ke apavyaya tathA pradUSaNa kI prakriyA bhI Arambha huii| jina kSetroM meM jalAbhAva the una kSetroM ke abhAva ko hama to pUrI taraha dUra nahIM kara pAe parantu jahAM pracura mAtrA meM jala upalabdha thA usakA apavyaya bhI khUba hone lagA, tathA bar3e-bar3e kArakhAnoM kI gandagI ne una jalAzayoM ko pradUSita kara diyaa| pariNAmasvarUpa jala ke jIva, jala meM vyApta sUkSma, bAdara tathA trasa jIvoM kI jo avicArI hiMsA huI usake phalasvarUpa pariveza ke jala-sambandhI paryAvaraNa kA saMtulana bigar3A / Aja vipula jala vAle kSetra bhI jalAbhAva se grasta haiM tathA vahAM ke nivAsiyoM ke svAsthya para jala pradUSaNa kA prabhAva par3a rahA hai| jala ke prayoga meM sAvadhAnI tathA mitavyayatA sampUrNa jIva sRSTi ko kAyama rakhane ke lie Aja aura bhI adhika Avazyaka ho gaI hai / hamArI sRSTi meM UrjA ke ananta srota haiN| prakRti aneka rUpoM meM UrjA kA utsarjana karatI rahatI hai| hamArA jIvana UrjA para Azrita hai, parantu UjA ke srotoM kA upayoga karane meM bhI usI prakAra sAvadhAnI baratanA Avazyaka hai| UrjA kA upayoga Avazyaka hiMsA ke rUpa meM honA cAhie aura sRSTi ko usakI punaH sthApanA karane meM madada karanI caahie| UrjA ke prAkRtika sAdhanoM kA apavyaya bhI mAnava sRSTi ko vinAza kI ora le jA sakatA hai| kabhI kahA jAtA thA ki anna, jala tathA vAyu to prakRti kI niHzulka dena hai, parantu dhIre-dhIre hamArI mAnava sRSTi meM se tInoM prAkRtika sAdhana manuSya kI nijI sampatti bana gye| Aja to kisI ke dvArA na bAMdhA jA sakane vAlA zUnya aura usameM vyApta vAyu bhI manuSya kI tijoriyoM meM banda ho gaye haiN| vAyukAya ke jIvoM kI avicArI hiMsA ne vAyu pradUSaNa ko janma diyA hai| hamane bAbu ko parizuddha banAne ke apane prayAsoM meM vAyu ke prANi jIvana kI sAikila meM vikSepa DAla diyA / audyogika mahAhiMsA kA prasAra vAyukAya ke jIvoM taka bhI huA vAyumaNDala kA prAkRtika saMtulana bigar3a gayA hai, parantu yadi hama aba bhI cAheM to isa avicArI hiMsA ke pravAha ko rokakara 1 saMtulana punaH kAyama kara sakate haiM tathA mAnava sRSTi ko tathA anya sabhI jIvoM ko sucAru jIvana jIne kA avasara de sakate haiM / vanaspatikAya ke jIvoM kI hiMsA kI bAta pahale likhI jA cukI hai| vanaspati ke jIvoM kI bhI aneka koTiyAM haiN| kucha vanaspatiyoM kA prayoga ananta jIvoM kA ghAta kara sakatA hai aura kucha kA prayoga vAtAvaraNa ko saMtulana banAe rakhane meM sahAyaka ho sakatA hai / yaha vyakti kI prakRti, mAnasika utthAna tathA Atmika saMvedanA para nirbhara karegA ki kauna vyakti kitanI mAtrA meM, kisa-kisa prakAra kI, aura kina-kina rUpoM meM vanaspati kA sevana tathA prayoga karatA hai| kucha loga jamIkaMda kA tyAga karate haiM to anya loga bahubIjI vanaspati 112 AcArya ratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana .
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________________ kA tyAga kara sakate haiM, aura kucha virale tyAgI jIva vanaspati-sevana kA sarvathA tyAga bhI kara sakate haiN| mUla siddhAnta hai apavyaya kA tyAga, sevana meM satarkatA, vanaspati jIvoM ke jIvana cakra ko kAyama rakhanA tathA upayoga ke badale meM prakRti ko kSatipUrti ke rUpa meM pratidAna krnaa| ekendriya sthAvara jIvoM ke bAda-vikAsa-krama meM trasa jIva Ate haiM jinheM dviindriya, triindriya, caturindriya tathA paJcendriya kI zreNiyoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai aura unameM bhI vikAsakrama kI aneka koTiyAM paribhASita kI gaI haiN| jainAcAra ke anusAra kisI bhI trasa jIva kI hiMsA kA pUrNa niSedha kiyA gayA hai| jaina zrAvaka tathA zramaNa se yaha apekSA kI jAtI hai ki vaha apane dainika jIvana vyavahAra ko isa prakAra saMyata rakkhe jisase ki choTe se choTe kIr3e-makor3e kA bhI vadha na ho| jaina zrAvaka na maccharoM ko mAratA hai, na khaTamaloM kA ghAta karatA hai; na cUhoM ko naSTa karatA hai, na chipakaliyoM kI hiMsA karatA hai; na sAMpa ko pakar3avAtA hai aura na nevale se usakI lar3AI karavAtA hai| vaha na AkheTa ke lie vanya pazuoM ko mAratA hai aura na AtmarakSA-hetu hiMsaka pazuoM kA vadha karatA hai| vaha apane bhojana ke lie vanaspati jIvoM kI jitanI hiMsA anivArya hai use viveka ke sAtha karatA hai, parantu apane bhojana evaM svAda hetu kisI trasa jIva kA ghAta nahIM karatA / cAre-khetI kI rakSA hetu athavA AtmarakSA hetu, bhaya hetu athavA pratizodha hetu vaha jAna bUjhakara kisI trasa jIva kI hiMsA nahIM krtaa| sabhI trasa jIva bhI isa sRSTi kI sAikila ko sucAru rUpa se calate rahane meM sahAyaka hote haiN| nisarga kI isa vyavasthA meM sabhI jIvoM kA apanA sthAna hai| prakRti ke niyamAnusAra apane karmoM ke anurUpa ve svayaM eka-dUsare ko naSTa kara dete haiN| manuSya saMjJI jIva hai ata: use jAnabUjhakara hiMsA nahIM karanI hai parantu sRSTi ke anya prANiyoM meM jo karmAnubandha ke anusAra hisA hotI hai vaha prakRti kI sAikila ko calAe rakhane meM madada karatI hai| isa prakRta hiMsA se manuSya aprabhAvita rahatA hai| Aja hama kucha prANiyoM ko manuSya kA zatru mAnate haiN| makkhI aura maccharoM ko rogoM kA saMvAhaka mAnA jAtA hai| cUhe hamAre zAnya ko naSTa karane vAle mAne jAte haiM / sAMpa tathA anya viSaile prANI prANaghAtaka mAne jAte haiM / TiDDIdala phasaloM kA zatru kahA jAtA hai| hiMsaka vanya pazu hamAre gharelU pazuoM ko uThA le jAte haiM, ata: ve bhI manuSya ke zatru kahe jAte haiN| - manuSya ke zatru kahe jAne vAle ina jIvoM kA bhI hamArI sRSTi meM apanA sthAna hai| isa jaivika cakra meM hama jahAM kisI kar3I ko noTa dete haiM, vahIM hiMsA kA cakra Arambha ho jAtA hai aura phira bhI hama ApadAoM se pAra nahIM pA skte| nadI meM rahane vAle magaramaccha ko mArane se machaliyAM to zAyada kucha baca jAeM parantu anya aneka nukasAnadeha prANI bhI baca jAte haiN| rogagrasta machaliyoM ko mAra dene se jala ko daSita karane vAle kITa-kRmi zeSa raha jAte haiM, aura pAnI sar3Andha mArane lagatA hai / sAMpa cUhoM ko khAtA hai aura yadi sAMpoM ko naSTa kara diyA jAe to cahoM kI saMkhyA bar3ha jAegI aura yadi cUhe naSTa ho jAeMge to unake bhojya aneka kIr3e-makor3e hamAre jIvana ko dUbhara banA deNge| prakRti kI vyavasthA meM saba jIvoM kA apanA sthAna hai tathA yadi prakRti ko apanA kAma manuSya ke hastakSepa ke binA karane diyA jAe to sRSTi-cakra sucAru rUpa se calatA raha sakatA hai| hamane apane ajJAna, ahaMkAra tathA lipsA ke vazIbhUta hokara kucha vanya pazuoM kA nAmonizAna miTA diyaa| prakRti ke sAtha manuSya kA yaha sabase krUra vyavahAra thaa| aba kucha jIva-zAstriyoM kA dhyAna isa tarapha AkRSTa huA hai ki siMha, vAnara, hAthI, goDAvaNa, mora Adi kucha prANiyoM ke saMrakSaNa kI AvazyakatA hai| jaina matAnusAra to sabhI prANi-vaMza ko kAyama rakhane kI AvazyakatA hai kyoMki ye bhI hamAre paryAvaraNa ko jIvita rakhane meM apanI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA nibhAte haiN| prAkRtika paryAvaraNa ko manuSya ke jIne lAyaka banAe rakhane hetu tathA samAja meM saMtulana evaM samAnatA kAyama karane ke lie mahAraMbhika kAryoM para roka lagAnA Avazyaka hai| pazcima ke jo deza audyogIkaraNa kI carama sImA para pahuMca gae haiM ve aba anubhava karane lage haiM ki audyogika utpAdana kI gati ko manda karane kI AvazyakatA hai tathA jana-samudAya ko apanI upabhoga-vRtti para niyantraNa karane kA samaya A gayA hai, anyathA mAnava-sRSTi naSTa ho jaaegii| mahAraMbha ke sthAna para vikendrita utpAdana kI tarapha pazcimI deza dhIre-dhIre unmukha ho rahe haiN| gAMdhIvAdI artha-vyavasthA meM isI vikendrIkaraNa kI nIti ko bhArata ke lie zreyaskara mAnA gayA hai| bhAratavarSa bahula janasaMkhyA vAlA deza hai| isakI arthavyavasthA meM janazakti ke upayoga ko pradhAnatA milanI caahie| jo kAma manuSya kI zakti se pare hoM, athavA jina kAmoM se kucha vargoM kA zoSaNa hotA ho, aise kAmoM ke lie yantroM kA prayoga mAnya ho sakatA hai, parantu jana-zakti evaM pazu-zakti ko bekAra banAkara nirIha avasthA meM chor3a dene vAle yantroM kA prayoga 'mahAhiMsA' kI koTi meM AtA hai, jisakA parihAra karanA hI ucita hai / bar3e udyogoM kI sthApanA kI hor3a aba rukanI cAhie tathA unakI bhI jitanI kriyAoM kA vikendrIkaraNa ho sake utanA karanA cAhie / samAja meM vyApta vizRMkhalA tathA mAnavIya zoSaNa ko miTAne kA eka mArga vikendrIkaraNa hai| satya kA svarUpa tathA anekAnta mArga satya-kathana do rUpoM meM abhivyakta hotA hai| kathana tathyAtmaka hotA hai athavA vyAkhyAtmaka / jaba hama kisI vastu, ghaTanA, kriyA jaina dharma evaM AcAra
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________________ Adi kA kathana jaisI vaha hai athavA jasA hamane usakA pratyakSIkaraNa (Perceive) kiyA hai, usI rUpa meM karate haiM, taba tathyAtmaka kathana hotA hai| isake viparIta jaba hama kisI vastu, ghaTanA, vicAra athavA kriyA Adi kI vyAkhyA karate haiM tathA apanA abhimata usameM samAviSTa karate haiM taba kathana vyAkhyAtmaka kahalAtA hai / donoM hI prakAra ke kathana sImita rUpa meM hI satya kA udghATana kara sakate haiN| jinheM hama pratyakSIkRta tathya kahate haiM, unakI sImA hamArI indriyAM haiM, jinakI zakti ko vaijJAnika upakaraNoM kI sahAyatA se bar3hAyA jA sakatA hai, parantu pUrNa nahIM banAyA jA sakatA hai| hamArI indriyAM vastu ko eka pariprekSya meM anubhava karatI haiN| samagra rUpa se padArtha ko hastAmalakavat to sarvajJa hI dekha sakatA hai| isa prakAra hamArA pratyakSa jJAna bhI apUrNa tathA parivartanazIla hotA hai, tathA alaga-alaga logoM kA pratyakSIkaraNa bhI bhinna-bhinna ho sakatA hai / pratyakSIkRta jJAna meM sAmAnyatayA ekarUpatA pAI jAtI hai tathA matabheda ke lie guMjAiza kama rahatI hai, parantu jaba hama tarka kA Azraya lekara vyAkhyA karane lagate haiM, to hamArA abhimata usameM samAviSTa ho jAtA hai / vyAkhyA karane vAlA kisI saMdarbha athavA pariprekSya meM sammati kathana karatA hai| bhASA kI sImA yaha hai ki kathana ke ananta sandarbhoM ko milAkara eka sAtha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| jaba hama yaha kathana karate haiM ki "devadatta yajJadatta kA putra hai" to hamAre sAmane kevala eka sandarbha rahatA hai, parantu devadatta ke jo anekAneka anya sandarbha ho sakate haiM ve anakahe raha jAte haiM / hamAre jIvana meM prAyaH manomAlinya, pArasparika kalaha tathA varga saMgharSa kA mUla kAraNa apane vicAroM ke prati atyAgraha hotA hai| hama anya vyaktiyoM kI bAta ko ucita saMdarbha meM samajhe binA apanI bAta usa para lAdanA cAhate haiM / hamAre isa vizAla deza meM prAgaitihAsika kAla se lekara Aja taka vibhinna vicAroM, vizvAsoM, saMskRtiyoM tathA dharmoM ko mAnanevAle loga eka sAtha rahate Ae haiN| bhAratIya saMskRti kI isa udAra vRtti ko sudRr3ha karane kI AvazyakatA hai / hamane lokatAntrika zAsana praNAlI ko apanAyA hai, jisameM vibhinna mata rakhane vAle samUha tathA vyakti sahiSNutApUrvaka eka-dUsare ke abhimata ko samajhane kA prayAsa karate haiM tathA bahujanahitAya bahumata vicAra ko svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai| siddhAntataH yaha bAta mAnya hote hue bhI hamAre deza meM sAmpradAyika matabheda bar3he haiM; apane mata ko dUsaroM para Aropita karake manavAne kA ahaMkAra bar3hA hai aura isake phalasvarUpa deza kI ekatA TUTa rahI hai / jaina darzana ke anusAra satya ekAntika na hokara anekAntika hotA hai / pratyeka vyakti ko apanA mata rakhane kA adhikAra hai, parantu sAtha hI use anya matoM ko ucita saMdarbha meM samajhane kI ceSTA karanI cAhie tathA yadi ucita mAlUma ho to apanA mata parivartana karane ke lie tatpara rahanA caahie| jIvana ke upayukta vyavahAra kI prAsaMgikatA Aja ke bhArata ke lie aura bhI adhika bar3ha gaI hai / zoSaNa mukti tathA aparigraha dUsaroM ke vaidha adhikAra kA hanana corI kahalAtA hai| jo vyakti anya vyaktiyoM kI vivazatA kA lAbha uThAkara unake parizrama kA pratiphala svayaM curA letA hai use stena kI saMjJA dI gaI hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra yaha corI kevala sthUla hI nahIM apitu sUkSma bhI ho sakatI hai, ataH manasA vAcA karmaNA asteya vrata tIsarA mahAvrata mAnA gayA hai| rAjyAMza athavA kara kI corI, parIkSA meM nakala, kisI anveSaka ke anusaMdhAna ko apane nAma se prakAzita karavAnA, kisI kavi athavA lekhaka athavA racanAkAra kI racanA kI corI karanA bhI caurya-karma haiN| steya athavA zoSaNa vyakti vyakti ke madhya hI nahIM hotA apitu varga-varga ke bIca bhI hotA hai| dalita varga kI samasyAeM isI varga ke antargata AtI haiN| corI athavA zoSaNa kA udgama saMcaya vRtti tathA svayaM parizrama na karane kI vRtti meM hotA hai| jaina muni zramaNa kahalAtA hai kyoMki vaha samAja se apane poSaNa hetu jitanA grahaNa karatA hai, usase kaI gunA adhika zrama karake samAja ko lauTA detA hai, aura kabhI kisI bhI vastu kA saJcaya nahIM karatA / acaurya evaM aparigraha donoM eka-dUsare se jur3e hue haiN| asteya vrata kA paripAlana aparigraha ke binA saMbhava nahIM hai / jainAgama ke anusAra gRhastha kA AcaraNa sarvathA muni jaisA to nahIM ho sakatA, parantu muni ke AcAra ko Adarza mAnakara usake anurUpa AcaraNa karane kA satata prayAsa rahanA caahie| zrAvaka sarvathA aparigrahI nahIM ho sakatA parantu use parigraha kI sImA nirdhArita karanI caahie| yaha sImA bhojana-sAmagrI, vastra, nivAsa sthAna, dhana tathA sabhI upabhogya sAmagrI ke nimitta bAMdhI jAnI caahie| parivaha kI maryAdA alaga-alaga logoM ke mano vikAsa ke anurUpa bhinna-bhinna ho sakatI hai, parantu amaryAdita parigraha rakhanA niSiddha hai| isI prakAra pratyeka vyakti ko apanI zakti tathA yogyatA ke anusAra zrama karanA cAhie, kyoMki samAja se jo grahaNa kiyA jAe use binA zrama kie upabhoga karanA caurya-karma hai / jainAgama kA ukta vyavahAra-nirdezaka siddhAnta Adhunika pariprekSya meM sabase adhika saMgata ThaharatA hai| vargasaMgharSako miTAne kA yahI AcArya ratna zrI dezabhUSaNajI mahArAja abhinandana grantha 114
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________________ eka mAtra ahiMsaka upAya mahAtmA gAMdhI dvArA udghASita kiyA gayA hai| samAja se zoSaNa, damana, bhukhamarI miTAne meM jainAgama kA ukta vicAra prabala bhUmikA nirvAha kara sakatA hai / janasaMkhyA vRddhi para roka zrAvakAcAra kA caturtha vrata brahmacarya mAnA gayA hai| jainAgama meM anusAra zrAvaka ke sandarbha meM brahmacarya kA artha hai svaparigRhItA (athavA parigRhIta) ke sAtha saMyamita evaM maryAdita saMbhoga, tathA aparigRhItA (athavA aparigRhIta) ke sAtha zArIrika saMsarga kA tyaag| isake atirikta sabhI prakAra ke aprAkRtika saMbhoga evaM manuSyetara prANiyoM ke sAtha maithuna kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| Aja bhAratavarSa janasaMkhyA-vRddhi se grasta hai| jitanI mAtrA meM upabhoga sAmagrI kA utpAdana nahIM hotA usase adhika upabhoktA pratidina janma le lete haiM / janasaMkhyA kI vRddhi ko rokane ke jo sarakArI upAya apanAe gae haiM, unameM nirodhAtmaka upakaraNoM kA prayoga, garmanipAta, vandhyatva ke oNparezana, prajanana-nirodhaka auSadhiyAM tathA iMjekzana Adi Ate haiM, parantu ukta sabhI upAya aprAkRtika evaM hiMsaka haiN| jainAgama dvArA pradarzita upAya prAkRtika evaM ahiMsaka haiN| pratyeka jaina zrAvaka paMcamI, aSTamI, ekAdazI, caturdazI, amAvasyA tathA pUrNimA ke dina rati-kriyA kA tyAga karatA hai tathA zeSa dinoM ke lie maithuna kI maryAdA nirdhArita karatA hai| kA AraMbha hotA hai| jainAgama vivAha-pUrva tathA vivAhoparAnta aparigRhIta sAthI ke sAtha zArIrika saMsarga kA niSedha karatA hai| sAmAjika vyavasthA ko kAyama rakhane ke lie yaha varjanA Avazyaka hai / unmukta rati-saMbaMdhoM vAle jo bhI samAja vikasita hue, unameM azAnti, kuNThA, pratispardhA, IrSyA, AtmaghAta Adi durvRttiyoM kA janma huA tathA ve samAja zanaiH-zanaiH vighaTita hote ge| __ mujhe aba lagatA hai ki, yadi bhAratIya samAja ko vighaTana se bacAnA hai aura samAja meM zAnti, samRddhi tathA bhAvAtmaka ekatA kAyama karanA hai, to jainAcAra hI sArvajanika AcAra kA AdhAra bana sakate haiM / Aja kI bhrAnta evaM azAnta mAnavatA kI rakSA kA yahI eka vikalpa hai| yahAM hama eka aise vidvAna kA ullekha karanA cAheMge jinhoMne jaina dharma kA gahana adhyayana karane ke anantara apane vicAra badale haiN| vAzabarna haoNpakinsa ne Arambha meM jaina dharma kI bar3I kaTu samIkSA kI hai| unhoMne likhA ki bhArata ke mahAna dharmoM meM se nAtaputta ke dharma meM sabase kama AkarSaNa hai aura isakI koI upayogitA nahIM hai, kyoMki isakI mukhya bAteM haiM-Izvara ko nakAranA, AdamI kI pUjA karanA aura kIr3oM ko paalnaa| bAda meM jaina dharma ke bAre meM apanI adhUrI jAnakArI ke bAre meM unhoMne kheda vyakta kiyaa| eka patra meM unhoMne zrI vijaya sUri ko likhA: "maiMne aba mahasUsa kiyA hai ki jainoM kA AcAra-dharma stuti yogya hai / mujhe aba kheda hotA hai ki pahale maiMne isa dharma kI pramukha bAte haiM / taba maiMne nahIM socA thA ki logoM ke caritra evaM sadAcAra para isa dharma kA kitanA bar3A prabhAva hai / aksara yaha hotA hai ki kisI dharma kI pustakeM par3hane se hameM usake bAre meM vastuniSTha hI jAnakArI milatI hai, parantu najadIka se adhyayana karane para usake upayogI pakSa kI bhI hameM jAnakArI milatI hai, aura usake bAre meM adhika acchI rAya banatI hai| -pro0 esa0 gopAlana jaina dharma kI rUparekhA, pR0 saM010-11 se sAbhAra baMga dharma evaM mAcAra