Vrushabhdev tatha Shiv Samabandhi Prachya Manyataye

Author(s): Rajkumar Jain
Publisher: Z_Hajarimalmuni_Smruti_Granth_012040.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/211954/1

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DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina ema0 e0, pI-eca0 DI0, sAhityAcArya, adhyakSa, saMskRtavibhAga AgarA kAleja, AgarA vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAe~ vRSabhadeva tathA ziva donoM hI ati prAcIna kAla se bhArata ke mahAn ArAdhya deva haiM. vaidika kAla se lekara madhya yuga taka prAcya vAGmaya meM donoM kA deva devatAoM ke vividha rUpoM meM aMkana huA hai, vaha adhyayana kA bar3A manoraMjaka viSaya hai. prastuta lekha meM unhIM mAnyatAoM kI vistArapUrvaka carcA kI jA rahI hai. upalabdha bhAratIya prAcya sAhitya ke adhyayana se spaSTa hai ki bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI jo mAnyatA evaM pUjyatA jaina paramparA meM hai. hindU paramparA meM bhI vaha usI koTi kI hai. jisa prakAra jaina paramparA meM unheM mAnya evaM saMstuta kiyA gayA hai, hindU zAstra evaM purANa bhI unheM bhagavAn ke avatAra ke rUpa meM mAnya karate haiM. zrImadbhAgavata' meM bhagavAn vRSabhadeva kA bar3A hI sundara carita aMkita kiyA gayA hai. isameM bhagavAn kI svayaMbhU manu, priyavrata, AgnIdhra, nAbhi tathA vRSabha-ina pAMcoM pIr3hiyoM kI vaMzaparamparA kA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki AgnIdhra ke putra nAbhirAjA ke koI putra nahIM thA. ata: unhoMne putra kI kAmanA se marudevI ke sAtha yajJa kiyA. bhagavAna ne darzana diye. RtvijoM ne unakA saMstavana kiyA aura nivedana kiyA ki rAjarSi nAbhi kA yaha yajJa bhagavAn ke samAna putralAbha kI icchA se sampanna ho rahA hai. bhagavAn ne uttara diyA-'mere samAna to maiM hI hU~, anya koI nahIM. tathApi brahmavAkya mithyA nahIM honA cAhie. ata: maiM svayaM hI apanI aMzakalA se AgnIdhranandana nAbhi ke yahA~ avatAra lUMgA.' isI varadAna ke phalasvarUpa bhagavAn ne RSabha ke rUpa meM janma liyA. isI purANa meM Age likhA hai-yajJa meM RSiyoM dvArA prasanna kiye jAne para viSNudata parIkSitta svayaM zrI bhagavAn 'viSNu' mahArAja nAbhi kA priya karane ke liye unake antaHpura kI mahArAnI marUdevI ke garbha meM Aye. unhoMne isa pavitra zarIra kA avatAra vAtarazanA zramaNa RSiyoM ke dharmoM ko prakaTa karane kI icchA se grahaNa kiyA.2 bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke IzvarAvatAra hone kI mAnyatA prAcInakAla meM itanI baddhamUla huI ki ziva mahApurANa meM bhI unheM ziva ke aTThAIsa yogAvatAroM meM ginAyA gayA prAcInatA kI dRSTi se bhI yaha avatAra rAmakRSNa ke avatAroM se bhI pUrvavartI mAnya kiyA gayA hai. isa avatAra kA jo hetu zrImadbhAgavata meM dikhalAyA gayA hai vaha zramaNa dharma kI paramparA ko aMsadigdha rUpa se bhAratIya sAhitya ke prAcInatama grantha Rgveda se saMyukta karA detA hai. RSabhAvatAra kA hetu vAtarazanA zramaNa RSiyoM ke dharmoM ko prakaTa karanA batalAyA hai. zrImadbhAgavata meM RSabhAvatAra kA eka anya uddezya bhI 1. zrImadbhAgavata 5, 2-6. 2. 'barhiSi tasminneva viSNudatta bhagavAn paramarSibhiH 'prasAdito nAmaH priyacikIrSayA tadavarodhAyane merudevyAM dharmAndarzayitukAmo vAtarazanAnAM zramaNAnAM RSINAm UrdhvamanthinAM zuklayA tanudAvatatAra.'-zrImadbhAgavata paJcama skandha. 3. ziva purANa. 7, 2, 6. Jain auratbrary.org

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610 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha tRtIya adhyAya isa prakAra batalAyA gayA hai : 'ayamavatAro rajasopaplutakaivalyopazikSaNArtham / ' arthAt bhagavAn kA yaha avatAra rajoguNI jana ko kaivalya kI zikSA dene ke liye huA thA. kintu ukta vAkya kA yaha artha bhI saMbhava hai ki yaha avatAra raja se upapluta arthAt rajodhAraNa 'mala dhAraNa karanA' vRtti dvArA kaivalya kI zikSA ke liye huA thA. jaina sAdhuoM ke AcAra meM asnAna, adantadhAvana tathA malaparISad Adi ke dvArA rajodhAraNa vRtti ko saMyama kA eka Avazyaka aMga mAnA gayA hai. buddha ke samaya meM bhI rajojallika zramaNa vidyamAna the. tathAgata ne zramaNoM kI AcArapraNAlI meM vyavasthA lAte hue eka bAra kahA thA?-- 'nAhaM bhikkhave saMghATikassa saMghATidhAraNamattena sAmaJyaM vadAmi, acelakassa acelakamattena rajojallikassa rajojallikamattena jaTilakassa jaTAdhAraNamattena sAmayaM vadAmi' arthAt he bhikSuo, maiM saMghATika ke saMghATI dhAraNa mAtra se zrAmaNya nahIM kahatA, acelaka ke acelakatva mAtra se, rajojallika ke rajojallika mAtra se aura jaTilaka ke jaTA dhAraNamAtra se bhI zrAmaNya nahIM kahatA. bhArata ke prAcInatama sAhitya ke adhyayana se spaSTa hai ki ukta vAtarazanA tathA rajojallina sAdhuoM kI paramparA bahuta prAcIna paramparA hai. Rgveda meM ullekha hai" : atIndriyArthadarzI vAtarazanA muni prANopAsanA dvArA dhAraNa kara hojAte haiM. " 'munayo vAtarazanA pizaMgA vasate vasate malA vAtasyAnu dhAjiM yanti yaddevAso avisata / unmAditA maunethena vArtA tarithamA vapam, zarIre dasmAkaM sUpaM martAso abhiyatha / ' vAtarazanA muni prakaTa karate haiM-samasta laukika vyavahAra ko chor3akara hama maunavRtti se unmattavat paramAnandasampanna' vAyu bhAva 'azarIrI dhyAnavRtti' ko prApta hote haiM. tuma sAdhAraNa manuSya hamAre bAhya zarIramAtra ko dekha pAte ho, hamAre sacce Abhyantara svarUpa ko nahIM. mala dhAraNa karate haiM jisase ve piMgala varNa dikhAI dete haiM. jaba ve vAyu kI gati ko lete haiM, taba ve apane tapa kI mahimA se dedIpyamAna hokara devatA svarUpa ko prApta vAtarazanA muniyoM ke varNana ke prArambha meM Rgveda meM hI 'kezI' kI nimnAMkita stuti kI gaI hai, jo isa tathya kI abhivyaMjakA hai ki 'kezI' vAtarazanA muniyoM ke pradhAna the. kezI kI vaha stuti nimna prakAra hai : 3 'kezyagni dezI videzIvibharti rodasI kezI vizvaM svaze kezI jyotirucyate / ' kezI agni, jala, svarga tathA pRthvI ko dhAraNa karatA hai. kezI samasta vizva ke tattvoM kA darzana karAtA hai aura kezI hI prakAzamAna 'jJAna' jyoti kahalAtA hai, arthAt kevala jJAnI kahalAtA hai. 1. majjhimanikAya, 40. 2. Rgveda, 10, 136, 2-3. 3. Rgveda, 10, 136, 1. Rgveda ke ina kezI tathA vAtarazanA muniyoM kI sAdhanAoM kI zrImadbhAgavata meM ullikhita vAtarazanA zramaNaRSi aura unake adhinAyaka RSabha tathA unakI sAdhanAoM kI pArasparika tulanA bhAratIya AdhyAtmika sAdhanA aura usake pravarttaka ke nigUDha prAk aitihAsika adhyAya ko bar3I sundaratA ke sAtha prakAza meM lAtI hai. Jain Educatioremationen brary.org

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DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAe~ : 611 Upara ke ullekhoM se spaSTa hai ki Rgveda ke vAtarazanA muni aura zrImadbhAgavata ke 'vAtarazanA zramaNa-RSi" eka hI paramparA athavA sampradAya ke vAcaka haiM. sAmAnyataH kezI kA artha kezadhArI hotA hai, parantu sAyaNAcArya ne 'keza sthAnIya razmiyoM ko dhAraNa karane vAlA' kiyA hai aura usase sUrya kA artha nikAlA hai, parantu prastuta sUkta meM jina vAtarazanA sAdhuoM kI sAdhanAoM kA ullekha hai, unase isa artha kI koI saMgati nahIM baiThatI. kezI spaSTata: vAtarazanA muniyoM ke adhinAyaka hI ho sakate haiM, jinakI sAdhanA meM maladhAraNa, maunavRtti aura unmAdabhAva (paramAnanda dazA) kA vizeSa ullekha hai. sUkta meM Age unheM hI : _ "munirdevasya devasya saukRtyAya sakhA hitaH.' devadevoM ke muni, upakArI tathA hitakArI sakhA batalAyA gayA hai. vAtarazanA zabda meM aura malarUpI vasana dhAraNa karane meM unakI nAgnya vRtti kA bhI saMketa hai. zrImadbhAgavata meM RSabha kA varNana karate hue likhA hai : "urvarita zarIramAtra-parigraha unmatta iva gaganaparidhAnaH prakIrNakezaH AtmanyAropitAhavanIyo brahmAvartAt pravabrAja. jaDAndha-mUka-badhira-pizAconmAdakavat avadhUtaveSo'bhibhASyamANo'pi janAnAM gRhItamauna-vrataH tUSNIM babhUva............parAgavalambamAna-kuTila-jaTila-kapiza kezabhUribhAro'vadhUtamalinanijazarIreNa grahagRhIta ivAdRzyata." arthAt RSabha bhagavAn ke zarIra mAtra kA parigraha zeSa raha gayA thA. ve unmatta ke samAna digambara vezadhArI, bikhare hue kezoM sahita AhavanIya agni ko apane meM dhAraNa karake brahmAvarta deza se prabajita hue. ve jar3a, mUka, andha, vadhira, pizAconmAda yukta jaise avadhUta veSa meM logoM ke bulAne para bhI maunavRtti dhAraNa kiye hue zAnta rahate the,............saba ora laTakate hue apane kuTila, jaTila, kapiza kezoM ke bhArasahita avadhUta aura malina zarIra ke sAtha ve aise dikhalAI dete the, jaise unheM koI bhUta lagA ho. Rgveda ke tathokta, kezIsUkta tathA zrImadbhAgavata meM varNita zrI RSabhadeva ke caritra ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana se pratIta hotA hai ki vaidika kezI sUkta ko hI zrImadbhAgavata meM pallavita bhASyarUpa meM prastuta kara diyA gayA hai. donoM meM hI vAtarazanA athavA gagana-paridhAnavRtti, keza-dhAraNa, kapizavarNa, maladhAraNa, mauna aura unmAdabhAva samAna rUpa se varNita haiM. bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke kuTila kezoM kA aMkana jaina mUrtikalA kI eka prAcInatama paramparA hai jo Aja taka barAbara akSuNNarUpa se calI ArahI hai. yathArthataH samasta tIrthaMkaroM meM kevala RSabhadeva kI hI mUrtiyoM ke zira para kuTila kezoM kA rUpa dikhalAyA jAtA hai aura vahI unakA prAcIna vizeSa lakSaNa bhI mAnA jAtA hai. RSabhanAtha ke kesariyAnAtha nAmAntara meM bhI yahI rahasya nihita mAlUma detA hai.1 kesara, keza aura jaTA-tInoM zabda eka hI artha ke vAcaka haiM. jisa prakAra siMha apane kezoM ke kAraNa kesarI kahalAtA hai, usI prakAra kezI aura kesariyAnAtha yA RSabhanAtha ke vAcaka pratIta hote haiM. kesariyAnAtha para jo kezara car3hAne kI vizeSa mAnyatA pracalita hai vaha nAmasAmya ke kAraNa utpanna huI pratIta hotI hai. isa prakAra Rgveda ke kezI aura vAtarazanA muni evaM zrImadbhAgavata ke RSabha tathA vAtarazanA zramaNa-RSi evaM kesariyAnAtha aura RSabha tIrthaMkara tathA unakA nirgrantha sampradAya eka hI siddha hote haiM. Rgveda kI nimnAMkita RcA se kezI aura vRSabha athavA RSabha ke ekatva kA hI samarthana hotA hai : 'kakardave vRSabho yukta zrAsId, pravAvacIt sArathirasya kezI / dudheyuktasya dravataHsahAnasa, RcchantiSmA niSpado mudgalAnIm / 1. rAjasthAna ke udayapura jile kA eka tIrtha 'kezariyA tIrtha' ke nAma se prasiddha hai, jo digambara, zvetAmbara evaM vaiSNava Adi sampradAya bAloM ko samAna rUpa se mAnya evaM pUjanIya hai tathA jisameM bha0 RSabhadeva ko eka atyanta prAcIna sAtizaya rti pratiSThita hai. 2. Rgveda, 10, 102, 6. TAGRAM 2 MAHARASHTRARROR Jain Edation in Library.org

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612 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya jisa sUkta meM yaha RcA AI hai, usakI prastAvanA meM nirukta ke jo 'mudgalasya dRptA gAvaH' Adi zloka uddhRta kiye gaye haiM, unake anusAra mudgala RSi kI gAyoM ko cora le gaye the. unheM lauTAne ke liye RSi ne kezI vRSabha ko apanA sArathI banAyA, jisake vacanamAtra se ve gaue~ Age ko na bhAgakara pIche kI ora lauTa par3I. prastuta RcA kA bhASya karate hue sAyaNAcArya ne pahale to vRSabha tathA kezI kA vAcyArtha pRthak batalAyA hai, kintu phira unhoMne prakArAntara se kahA hai : "athavA asya sArathiH sahAyabhUtaH kezI prakRSTakezo vRSabho'vAvacIt bhrazamazabdayat" ityAdi. sAyaNa ke isa artha ko tathA nirukta ke ukta kathAprasaMga ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue prastuta gAthA kA nimna artha pratIta hotA hai : "mudgala RSi ke sArathI (vidvAn netA) kezI vRSabha, jo zatruoM kA vinAza karane ke liye niyukta the, unakI vANI nikalI, jisake phalasvarUpa jo mudgala RSi kI gaue~ (indriyAM) jute hue durdhara ratha (zarIra) ke sAtha daur3a rahI thIM, ve nizcala hokara maudgalAnI (mudgala kI svAtmavRtti) kI ora lauTa par3I." tAtparya yaha ki RSi kI jo indriyA~ parAGmukhI thIM, ve unake yogayukta jJAnI netA kezI vRSabha ke dharmopadeza ko sunakara antarmukhI ho gaIM. vRSabhadeva aura vaidika agnideva-agnideva kI stuti meM vaidika sUtroM meM jina vizeSaNoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, unake adhyayana se spaSTa hai ki yaha agnideva bhautika agni na hokara Adi prajApati vRSabhadeva hI haiM-jAtavedas [janmataHjJAnasampanna], ratnadharakta [darzana, jJAna, cAritra rUpa ratnoM ko dhAraNa karanevAlA] vizvavedas [vizvatattvoM kA jJAtA] mokSa netA, Rtvij [dharmasthApaka], hotA, haya, yajJa, satya yazavala ityAdi. vaidika vyAkhyAkAroM ne bhI laukika bhrAntiyoM kA nigraha karane ke liye sthala-sthala para isa mata kA samarthana karate hue likhA hai ki agnideva vahI hai jisakI upAsanA marudgaNa rudra saMjJA se karate haiM. rudra, zarva, pazupati, ugra, azani, bhava, mahAdeva, IzAna, kumAra-rudra ke ye nau nAma agnideva ke hI vizeSaNa haiM. agnideva hI sUrya hai.4 paramaviSNu hI devoM [AryagaNa] kI agni hai.5 isa mata kI sarvAdhika puSTi atharvaveda ke RSabhasUkta se hotI hai, jisameM RSabha bhagavAn kI aneka vizeSaNoM dvArA stuti karate hue unheM jAtavedas [agni] vizeSaNa se bhI viziSTa kiyA gayA hai.6 uparyukta vizeSaNoM tathA samasta prAcIna zrutiyoM ke AdhAra para stutya agni zabda kI vyutpatti karate hue brAhmaNa RSiyoM ne yaha vyakta kiyA hai ki upAsya devoM ke agra meM utpanna hone ke kAraNa vaha agri athavA agni saMjJA se prasiddha hue." ina lekhoM ke prakAza meM kevala yaha tathya hI spaSTa nahIM hotA ki vRSabhadeva kA hI apara nAma agnideva rahA, apitu yaha bhI siddha hai ki upAsya deva ke artha meM prayukta 'agni' zabda saMskRta kA na hokara ani kA lokavyavahRta prAkRta athavA 1. dekho DA0 hIrAlAla jaina kA "zrAdi tIrthakara kI prAcInatA tathA unake dharma kI vizeSatA" zIrSaka lekha (ahiNsaavaannii| varSa 7, aMka 1-2,1657) / 12. Rgveda, 11, 112, atharva06, 4, 3 Rgveda, 1, 186, 1. 'yo vai rudraHso'zinaH-zatapathabrAhmaNa 5, 2, 4,13. 3. (a) 'tAnyetAni aSTau rudraH zarvaH pazupatiH ugraH azaniH bhavaH mahAdevaH ISAnaH agnirUpANi kumAro navam' vahI. 6,1,3,18. (A) 'etAni vai teSAmagnInAM nAmAni yadbhuvapatiH bhuvanapatibhUtAnAM patiH' vahI, 1, 3, 3, 16.. 4. agnirvArthaH. vahIM, 2, 5, 1, 4. 5. 'agni devAnAm bhavoko viSNuparam' kautasya brAhmaNa, 7,1. 6. atharva, 8, 4, 3,. 7. (a) sayadasya sarvasyAgramassRjyata tasmAdagiragrihaM vai tamagnirityAcakSate parokSaya-zatapatha brAhmaNa, 6, 1, 1, 11. (A) 'yadvA enametadane devAnAM ajanayat tasmAdagnirAgratavai nAmaitadadyadagiriti.' vahI 2, 2, 4, 2.. AAAA Jain Education inte PADHARPersonalise Manetbrarvsarg

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DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAe~ : 613 apabhraza rUpa hai jo AryagaNa ke bhArata-Agamana se pUrva hI AdibrahmA vRSabha ke liye prayukta hotA A rahA thA. yahI kAraNa hai ki brAhmaNa RSiyoM ko vRSabha kI agni saMjJA 'agri' arthamUlaka karane ke liye tatsambadhI zrutiyoM ko AdhAra banAkara usakI vyutpatti 'agra' zabda se karanI par3I. anyathA saMskRta bhASA kI dRSTi se agri evaM agni zabda meM atyanta pArthakya hai. Aryajana ke agnideva aura vRSabhadeva kI ekatA vaidika anuzrutiyoM se siddha hotA hai ki agni saMjJA se vRSabha kI upAsanA karane vAle adhikAMza ve kSatriyajana the, jo paJcajana ke nAma se prasiddha the.' inameM yadu, turvasA, puru, druhya , anu nAma kI kSatriya jAtiyAM sammilita thIM. ye loga Rgvaidika kAla meM kurukSetra, paMcAla, matsyadeza aura surASTra deza meM base the. jaba AryagaNa sapta sindhu deza meM se hote hue kurubhUmi meM AbAda hue aura yahAM paMcajana kSatriyoM kI dhArmika saMskRti ke samparka meM Aye to usase prabhAvita hokara inhoMne bhI unake ArAdhya deva vRSabha ko 'agni' saMjJA se apanA ArAdhya deva banA liyA. yaha aitihAsika tathA kazyapagotrI marIciputra RSi ne agnideva kI stuti karate hue Rgveda 1-6 meM 'devA agniM dhArayan draviNodAm' zabdoM dvArA svayaM vyakta kiyA hai. isa sUkta ke nau mantra haiM. inameM se pahale sAta mantroM ke anta meM RSivara ne ukta zabdoM ko punaH punaH doharAyA hai. isakA artha hai ki-devA (apane ko deva saMjJA se abhivAdana karane vAle Arya gaNa ne) draviNo dA (dhanazvarya pradAna karane vAle) agni (agni prajApati ko) dhArayan (apanA ArAdhanA-deva dhAraNa kara liyA). prastuta sUkta aitihAsika dRSTi se atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai. isameM prathama to bhagavAn vRSabha kI stuti meM gAye jAne vAle Rk, yaju, sAma evaM atharva saMhitAoM meM saMkalita stotroM se bhI prAcIna una nivida athavA nigada stotroM kA ullekha hai, jinase dhvanita hotA hai ki bhagavAn vRSabha AryagaNa ke Ane se pUrva hI bhArata ke ArAdhya deva the. isake atirikta isa sUkta meM bhagavAn vRSabha dvArA manuoM kI santAnIya prajA ko aneka vidyAoM se samRddha karane, apane putra bharata ko rAjya-bhAra sauMpane tathA apane anya putra vRSabhasena ko, jo jaina mAnyatA ke anusAra bhagavAn ke jyeSTha gaNaghara athavA mAnasaputra the, brahmavidyA dene kA bhI ullekha hai. isa sUkta ke nimnAMkita prathama cAra maMtroM se ullikhita tathyoM kI spataH saMpuSTi hotI hai : 'apazcamitraM (jo saMsAra kA mitra hai.) dhiSaNA ca sAdhana (jo dhyAna dvArA sAdhya hai), prannathA (jo purAtana hai), sahasA jAyamAnaH (jo svayaMbhU hai) sadyaHkAvyAni vaDadhanta vizvA (jo nirantara vibhinna kAvya stotroM ko dhAraNa karatA rahatA hai, arthAt jisakI sabhI jana stuti karate rahate haiM), devo agniM dhArayan draviNodAm (devoM ne usa dravyadAtA agni ko dhAraNa kara liyA.)2 pUrvayA nividA kAvyatAsoH (jo prAcIna nividoM dvArA stuti kiyA jAtA hai), yamAH prajA ajanyan manunAm (jisane manuoM kI santAnIya prajA kI vyavasthA kI) vivasvatA cakSuSA dhAma paJca (jo apane jJAna dvArA dyu aura pRthvI ko vyApta kiye hue haiM), devoM ne usa dravyadAtA ko dhAraNa kara liyA.)' (3) khAravela ke zilAlekha (IsApUrva dvitIya zatAbdI) meM bhI RSabha jina kA ullekha agga jina ke rUpa meM huA hai (nandarAjanItAna agajinasa). (I) 'prajApati devatAnaHsRjyamAna aginameva devAnAM prathamamasRjat.' taittirIya brAhmaNa, 21, 6, 4. (u) 'aginarva sarvAdyam |'-taannddy brAhmaNa, 5, 63. 1. 'janA yadaginamajayanta paJca.'-Rgveda. 10,45, 6. 2. Rgveda, 1.6, 1. 3. vahI, 1,6, 2. L... . ......Om ... DOO HO...OOOT JOUD O Jain de .. ...............000000 000000000.oooooooooooooooooo antatunabibrary.org

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614 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya tamIDeta mahAsAdhaM (tuma usakI stuti karo jo sarvaprathama mokSa kA sAdhaka hai), ahaMta (sarvapUjya hai), ArIviza: ubjaH bhRjjasAnam (jisane svayaM zaraNa meM AnevAlI prajA ko bala se samRddha karake), putra bharataM saMpradAna (apane putra bharata ko sauMpa diyA), devoM ne usa dravyadAtA agni (agni devatA ko) dhArayan (dhAraNa kara liyA.)' sa mAtarizvA (vaha vAyu ke samAna nirlepa aura svatantra hai), puruvAra puSTi (abhISTa vastuoM kA puSTikAraka sAdhana hai), usane svavitaM (jJAna sampanna ho kara), tanayAya (putra ke liye) gAtaM (vidyA), vidada (dedI), vaha vizAMgopA (prajAoM kA saMrakSaka hai), pavitArodasyo: (abhyudaya tathA niHzreyasa kA utpAdaka hai), devoM ne usa dravyadAtA agni (agranetA ko) grahaNa kara liyA.2 / / nirvANa kI puNya velA meM jaba Adi prajApati vRSabha ne vinazvara zarIra kA tyAga karake siddha loka ko prasthAna kiyA to unake parama prazAnta rUpa ko AtmasAt karane vAlI antyeSTi agni hI tatkAlIna jana ke liye unake vItarAga rUpa kI ekamAtra saMsmAraka bana kara raha gaI. janatA aba agni darzana se hI apane ArAdhya ke darzana pAne lagI. usa samaya mUrtikalA kA vikAsa nahIM huA thA, ataH yaha saptajihvA agni hI usa mahAmAnava kA pratIka bana gaI. upalabdha prAcIna anuzrutiyoM se jJAta hotA hai ki bhagavAn ke prati jana-jana ke hRdayoM meM svabhAvataH uddIpta hone vAle bhaktibhAva ko saMtuSTa evaM saMtRpta karane ke liye unake jyeSTha gaNadhara (mAnasa putra) ne isa bhautika agni dvArA Adi brahmA vRSabha ke upAsanArtha ijyA, pUjA evaM arcanA kA mArga nikAlA thA. vaha yAjJika prakriyA ke prathama vidhAyaka the. unhoMne hI lokamaMgala ke liye abhIsiddhi, anivRparihAra evaM roga-nivRttikara Adi aneka upayogI mantra-tantra vidyAoM kA sarvaprathama prakAza kiyA thA. vaha vaidika paramparA meM jyeSTha atharvana aura jaina paramparA meM jyeSTha gaNadhara ke nAma se prasiddha haiM. jaina paramparA ke anusAra yaha bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ke putra vRSabhasena the. bhagavAn ne inheM hI samasta vidyAoM meM pradhAna brahmavidyA dekara loka meM apanA uttarAdhikArI banAyA thA.4 inake dvArA tathA anya atharvanoM (gaNadharoM) dvArA pratipAdita aneka tAntrika vidhAnoM tathA vRSabha ke hiraNyagarbha, jAtavedas janya, ugra tapasyA, sarvajJatA dezanA, siddhalokaprApti sambandhI aneka rahasyapUrNa vArtAoM tathA yati vrAtya zramaNoM kI AdhyAtmika carcA kA saMkalana cauthe veda meM huA hai. ataH isakI prasiddhi atharvaveda ke nAma se huI. atharvana dvArA pratipAdita prakriyA ke anusAra agni meM havya dravya kI Ahuti dekara sarvaprathama vRSabha kI pUjA unake jyeSTha putra tathA bhArata ke Adi cakravartI bharata mahArAja, jo manu ke nAma se bhI prasiddha the, ne kI thI. isake pazcAt unakA anukaraNa karate hue samasta prajAjana bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ke pratIka rUpa meM agni kI pUjA meM pravRtta hue.5 ukta prakriyA ke anusAra yaha pUjA prAtaH, madhyAhna aura sAyaM tInoM kAla hotI thI. atharvaveda anaDvAna sUkta meM isa pUjA kA phala batalAte hue kahA hai ki jo isa prakAra pratidina tInoM samaya bhagavAn vRSabha kI pUjA karate haiM ve unhIM 1. Rgveda 1,6, 3. 2. vahI, 1, 6, 4. 3. (a) satyatrAta sAmazramI nirakAlocana vi0 saM0 1953 pR0 saM0 155. (A) A.C. Das-Rigvedic Culture pp. 113-115. (s) Dr. Winternitz-History of India Leterature Vol. I, 1927. P. 120. (I) 'agnirjAto atharvanA.'-Rgveda 10, 21, 5. 4. (a) mahA devAnAM prathamaH sambabhUva vizvasya kartA bhuvanasya goptA / sa brahmavidyAM sarvavidhApratiSThAmatharvAya jyeSThaputrAya prAha ||-munnddkopnissd 1, 1. (A) 'svartitanayAya gAtaM vidada.' Rgveda 1,66, 4. 5. (a) 'manuIvA agre yakSa ne tad nukatyemA prajA yajante.-zatapatha brAhANa, 15, 1, 7. (A) jinasenakRta AdipurANa, parva 47,322, 351 . Jain Eduation Inters Private&Personal Used a mjainelibrart.org

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DaoN0 rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAe~ : 612 ke samAna avinAzI amarapada ke adhikArI ho jAte haiM. ' prAcIna anuzrutiyoM se jJAta hotA hai ki atharvana dvArA batalAI gaI yAjJika prakriyA ke anusAra aja (jau), akSata ( cAvala ), tathA ghRta - inakA prayoga Ahuti ke liye kiyA jAtA thA aura pUjA ke samaya bhagavAn vRSabha kA sAnnidhya banAye rakhane ke lie 'vaSaT' zabda kA aura unake artha Ahuti dete samaya una dvArA ghoSita svAtma mahimA ko dhyAna meM rakhane ke liye 'svAhA' zabda kA prayoga Avazyaka thA. kyoMki 'vaSaT' uccAraNa dvArA bhautika agni kI sthApanA karate hue upAsaka jana vAstava meM vRSabha bhagavAn kI hI sthApanA karate haiM. aura 'svAhA' zabda dvArA bhautika agni meM Ahuti dete hue bhI apanI Atma- mahimA ko hI jAgRta karate haiM. vaSaT zabda kA uccAraNa kiye binA agni kI upAsanA bhautika agni kI hI upAsanA hai. ThaH ThaH jaina pUjAgraMvoM tathA unake dainika pUjA-vidhAnoM meM vauSaT (iti AhvAnanam) Ga (dati sthApanam aura vaSaT ), [iti sannidhIkaraNam ] - ina tIna zabdoM dvArA bhagavAn kA AhvAna, sthApana tathA sannidhIkaraNa kiyA jAtA hai. ukta bIjamaMtroM ke koSThakoM meM diye gaye artha jaina paramparA meM atyanta prAcIna kAla se cale A rahe haiM, jo bhagavatpUjA ke lakSya ke sambandha meM bhI bhaktajana ko eka navIna dRSTi kA dAna karate haiM, isa prakAra agni dvArA pUjA vidhi kI paramparA utanI hI prAcIna nizcita hotI hai jitanA bhagavAn vRSabha deva kA kAla. vRSabha ke vividharUpa aura itivRtta janma meM sarvArthasiddhi vimAna meM eka mahAn RddhidhArI deva the. nAbhirAya kI rAnI marudevI ke garbha meM avataraNa kiyA. inake kubera ke dvArA hiraNya kI vRSTi se bharapUra kara diyA gayA. ataH hue. garbhAvatAra ke samaya bhagavAn kI mAtA ne svapna meM eka ataH inakA nAma vRSabha rakkhA gayA. janma se hI yaha mati, zruta, jaina paramparA ke anusAra bhagavAn RSabhadeva apane pUrva Ayu ke aMta meM unhoMne vahAM se caya kara ayodhyAnareza garbha meM Ane ke chaha mAha pUrva se hI nAbhirAya kA bhavana janma lene ke pazcAt yaha hiraNyagarbha ke nAma se prasiddha sundara baila ko apane mukha meM praveza karate hue dekhA thA, avadhi ina tIna jJAnoM se viziSTa the, ataH inakI jAtavedas nAma se prasiddhi huI. binA kisI guru kI zikSA ke hI aneka vidyAoM ke jJAtA the, inhoMne janma-mRtyu se abhivyApta saMsAra meM svayaM sat, Rta, dharma evaM mokSamArga kA sAkSAt - bhogayuga kI samApti para inhoMne hI prajA ko kRSi, ataH yaha vidhAtA, vizvakarmA evaM prajApati nAmoM se tathA bhogoM se nirviNNa hue tathA saMyama evaM svAdhInatAnAmoM se prasiddha hue. - kAra kiyA thA, ataH vaha svayaMbhU tathA sukRta nAmoM se prasiddha hue. pazupAlana tathA vividha zilpa udyogoM kI zikSA pradAna kI thI, vikhyAta hue. ye hI apanI anta: preraNA se saMsAra - zarIra patha ke pathika banakara pravrajita hue, ataH vazI, yati evaM vrAtya inhoMne apanI umra tapasyA, zramasahiSNutA aura samavartanA dvArA apane samasta doSoM ko bhasmasAt kiyA, ataH yaha rudra, zramaNa Adi saMjJAoM se vikhyAta hue. inhoMne ajJAnatamas kA vinAza karake apane antas meM sampUrNa jJAna sUrya ko udita kiyA, bhavya jIvoM ko dhArmika pratibodha diyA aura anta meM deha tyAga kara siddha loka meM akSaya pada kI prApti kI. jaina paramparA meM jo vRtta garbha, janma, tapa, jJAna aura nirvANa ke nAma se prasiddha hai aura jinheM loka-kalyANI hone se kalyANaka kI saMjJA dI gaI hai. vaidika paramparA meM vahI [1] hiraNyagarbha [2] jAtavedas, agni, vizvakarmA, prajApati, [2] rudra, puruSa, bAya, [4] sUrya, Aditya, arka, ravi, vivasvata, jyeSTha, brahmA, vAkpati, brAhmaNaspati gRhasyati, [5] nigUDhaparamapada, parameSThIpada, sAdhyapada Adi saMjJAoM se prasiddha hai. Jain Education Internations 1. atharvaveda 4, 11, 12. 2. "ajairyaSTake. " jinasenakRta harivaMzapurANa, 27, 38, 164. ,

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616 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya madhya eziyA, laghu eziyA, uttara pUrvIya apharIkA ke sumera, vavIloniyA, sIriyA, yUnAna, araba, IrAna, mizra, yUthopiyA Adi saMsAra ke samasta prAcIna dezoM meM jahA~ bhI paNi athavA phaNi aura puru logoM ke vistAra ke sAtha bhArata se bhagavAn vRSabha kI zrutiyAM, sUktiyAM aura AkhyAna pahu~ce haiM.1 vahAM bhagavAn azura [asura], osorisa [asurazi] ahuramajda [asuramahat], IsTara [ISatara], jahova [yahva mahAn] gauDa [gaura gauDa] allA [IDya stutya], I AM [ahamasmi], sUryas [sUrya] ravi, mitha [mitra] varuNa Adi aneka loka-prasiddha nAmoM aura vizeSaNoM dvArA ArAdhya deva grahaNa kara liye gaye. yahI kAraNa hai ki ina dezoM ke prAcIna ArAdhyadeva sambandhI jo rahasyapUrNa AkhyAna pagamparAgata surakSita haiM, unameM uparyukta cAra vRtta "I. In Carnation 2. Suffering and Crucification 3. Ressurrection aura 4. Ascent to Heaven ke nAma se prasiddha haiM. isa prakAra una sUktoM aura mantroM ke atirikta jinameM spaSTataH RSabha vRSabha, gaura tathA anaDvAna kA ullekha hai, Rk, yaju, sAma tInoM hI saMhitAoM ke prAya: samasta chanda, jinameM uparyukta saMjJAoM aura vizeSaNoM se stuti kI gaI hai, bhagavAn vRSabha kI ora hI saMketa karate haiM. atharvaveda ke isa tathya ko vyakta karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jisa prakAra ApaH (jala), vAtaH (vAyu) aura auSadhi (vanaspati)-tInoM eka hI bhavana (pRthvI) ke Azrita haiM, usI prakAra Rk, yaju, sAma-tInoM prakAra ke chandoM kI kavijana 'purasyaM darzataM vizva cakSaNan [bahurUpa dikhalAI dene vAle eka vizvavedas sahasrAkSa, sarvajJa ko lakSya rakhakara hI, viyetire vyAkhyA karate haiM].2 Rgveda ke nimnAMkita do maMtroM meM hama bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ke tathokta rUpoM evaM vRttoM kA vaisA hI itihAsa-kramAnusArI varNana dekha sakate haiM, jaisA ki jaina paramparA vidhAna karatI hai. ve mantra nimna prakAra haiM : 3 "divaspari prathamaM jajJa agnirUpaM dvitIyaM pari jAtavedAH / tRtIyamapsu namaNA ajasramiMdhAna evaM jAte svAdhIH // " arthAt agni prajApati pahale devaloka meM prakaTa hue. dvitIya bAra hamAre bIca janmataH jJAna-sampanna hokara prakaTa hue. tIsarA inakA vaha svAdhIna evaM AtmavAn rUpa hai, jaba inhoMne bhava-sAgara meM rahate hue nirmala vRtti se samasta karmendhana ko jalA diyA, tathA "vinA te agre zedhA brayANi vinA te dhAma vibhUtA purUnnA / vidyA te nAma parama guhA yadvidmA tamutsaM yata bhAjagaMtha // " arthAt he agranetA, hama tere ina tIna prakAra ke tIna rUpoM ko jAnate haiM. inake atirikta tere pUrva ke bahuta prakAra se dhAraNa kiye hue rUpoM ko bhI hama jAnate haiM. inake atirikta terA jo nigUr3ha paramadhAma hai, usako bhI hama jAnate haiM. aura ucca mArga ko bhI hama jAnate haiM jisase tU hameM prApta hotA hai. ukta zruti se spaSTataH pratIta hotA hai ki Rgvaidika kAla meM bhagavAn vRSabha ke pUrva jAtaka loka meM paryApta prasiddhi prApta kara cuke the. vaidika rudra ke vikasita rUpa zatapatha brAhmaNa meM rudra ke jo-rudra, zana, pazupati, ugra, azani, bhava, mahAdeva, IzAna, kumAra-ye nau nAma haiM, ve agni 1. Dr. H. R. Hall : The ancient History of far Ecst 104, 77, 158, 203, 367, 402. 2. atharvaveda.18, 1,1. 6. Rgveda, 10, 45, 1. 4. vahI, 10, 45, 2. 5. tAnyetAni aSTau rudraHzarvaHpazupati ugraH azaniH bhavaH / mahAnadevaH ISAnaH agnirUpANi kumAro navam / / -zatapatha brAhmaNa 6,1,3,18. % 3AIITTA PANATALIMIMALAUREDITATRAPRILDIMAIGATION M ConyANP JNILIM MInbaumAAAAAAAD MARATHIMACIM Inm Jain Education Interational

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DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAeM : 617 deva ke hI vizeSaNa ullikhita kiye gaye haiM aura 'vRSabhadeva tathA vaidika agnideva' meM upasthita kiye gaye vivaraNa se spaSTa hai ki bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ko hI vaidika kAla meM agnideva ke nAma se abhihita kiyA jAtA thA. phalataH rudra, mahAdeva, agnideva, pazupati Adi vRSabhadeva ke hI nAmAntara haiM. vaidika paramparA meM vaidika rudra ko hI paurANika tathA Adhunika ziva kA vikasita rUpa mAnA jAtA hai, jaba ki jaina paramparA meM bhagavAn RSabhadeva ko hI ziva, unake mokSa-mArga ko zivamArga tathA mokSa ko zivagati kahA gayA hai. yahA~ rudra ke una samasta krama-vikasita rUpoM kA eka saMkSipta vivaraNa prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai. Rgdeva meM rudra madhyama zreNI ke devatA haiM. unakI stuti meM tIna pUrNa sUkta kahe gaye haiN| isake atirikta eka anya sUkta meM pahale mantra chaha rudra kI stuti meM haiM aura antima tIna soma kI stuti meM. eka anya sUkta meM rudra aura soma kA sAtha stavana kiyA gayA hai. anya devatAoM kI stuti meM bhI jo sUkta kahe gaye haiM, unameM bhI prAyaH rudra kA ullekha milatA hai, ina sUktoM meM rudra ke jisa svarUpa kI varNanA huI hai, usake aneka citra haiM aura unake vibhinna pratIkoM ke sambandha meM vidvAnoM kI vibhinna mAnyatAe~ haiM. rudra kA zAbdika artha, marutoM ke sAtha unakA saMgamana, unakA babhra varNa aura sAmAnyataH unakA krUra svarUpa ina saba ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue kucha vidvAnoM kI dhAraNA hai ki rudra jhajhAvAta ke pratIka haiM. jarmana vidvAn vebara ne rudra ke nAmapara bala dete hue anumAnita kiyA hai ki rudra jhaMjhAvAta ke 'rava' kA pratIka hai.4 DAkTara mekaDaunala ne rudra aura agni ke sAmya para dRSTi rakhate hue kahA ki rudra vizuddha jhaMjhAvAta kA nahIM, apitu vinAzakArI vidyuta ke rUpa meM jhaMjhAvAta ke vidhvaMsaka svarUpa kA pratIka hai.5 zrI bhANDArakara ne bhI rudra ko prakRti kI vinAzakArI zaktiyoM kA hI pratIka mAnA hai. aMgreja vidvAn myUra kI bhI yahI mAnyatA hai. vilsana ne Rgveda kI bhUmikA meM rudra ko agni athavA indra kA hI pratIka mAnA hai. pro0 kItha ne rudra ko jhaMjhAvAta ke vinAzakArI rUpa kA hI pratIka mAnA hai, usake hitakara rUpa kA nahIM. isake atirikta rudra ke ghAtaka vANoM kA smaraNa karate hue kucha vidvAnoM ne unheM mRtyu kA devatA bhI mAnA hai aura isake samarthana meM unhoMne Rgveda kA baha sUkta prastuta kiyA hai, jisameM rudra kA keziyoM ke sAtha ullekha kiyA gayA hai. rUdra kI eka upAdhi 'kapadin' hai, jisakA artha hai, jaTAjUTadhArI aura eka anya upAdhi hai 'kalpalIkina',11 jisakA artha hai, dahakanevAlA. donoM kI sArthakatA rudra ke kezI tathA agnideva rUpa meM ho jAtI hai. apane saumya rUpoM meM rudra ko 'mahAbhiSak' batalAyA gayA hai, jisakI auSadhiyAM ThaMDI aura vyAdhinAzaka hotI haiM. rudra sUkta meM rudra kA sarvajJa vRSabha rUpa se ullekha kiyA gayA hai aura kahA gayA hai.2 'he vizuddha dIptimAna sarvajJa vRSabha, hamAre Upara aisI kRpA karo ki hama kabhI naSTa na hoM." 1. Rgveda : 1,114; 2, 337, 46. 2. Rgdeva 1,43. 3. vahI : 6, 74 4. vebara : igadIza sTUDIna, 2,16-22. 5. mekaDaunala : vedika mAyItholojI, pRSTha saM0 78, 6. bhANDArakara : vaiSNavijma, zaivijma. 7. myUra : orijinala saMskRta TeksTa sa. 8. vilsana : Rgveda, bhUmikA hai. kItha : rilijana eNDa mAitholojI Apha dI Rgveda, pRSTha saM0 147. 10. Rgveda : 1,114,1 aura 5. 11. vahI: 1,1145. 12. eva vabhro vRSabha cekitAna yathA deva na hRSIpaM na haMsi. Rgveda : 2, 33, 15. ATMINICHIKIW ANAO PMINILANMITEDY paNa DIRTHD C library.org

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618 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya isI sUkta ke anya mantra meM kahA hai'-'he maruto, tumhArI jo nirmala auSadhi hai, usa auSadhi ko hamAre pitA manu (svayaM RSabhanAtha) ne cunA thA, vahI sukhakara aura bhayavinAzaka auSadhi hama cAhate haiM.' vizuddha Atma-tatvajJAna hI yaha auSadhi hai, jise prApta kara rudrabhakta saMsArajayI aura sukhI hone kI kAmanA karatA hai. prastuta sUkta ke tRtIya maMtra meM usakI jIvana-sAdhanA dekhie. vaha prArthanA karatA hai: 'he vajrasaMhanana rudra, tuma utpanna hue samasta padArthoM meM sarvAdhika suzobhita ho, sarvazreSTha ho aura samasta balazAliyoM meM sarvottama balazAlI ho. tuma mujhe pApoM se mukta karo aura aisI kRpA karo, jisase maiM klezoM tathA AkramaNoM se yuddha karatA huA vijayI rahU~.' eka sUkta meM rudra kA soma ke sAtha AhvAna kiyA gayA hai aura anyatra soma ko vRSabha kI upAdhi dI gaI hai. rudra ko aneka bAra agni kahA gayA hai aura eka sthala para unheM "medhApati' kI upAdhi se bhI vibhUSita kiyA gayA hai.6 eka sthAna para "dvivarhA" ke rUpa meM bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai, jisakA sAyaNa ne artha kiyA hai-"arthAt jo pRthvI tathA AkAza meM parivRddha haiM." Rgveda ke uttara bhAga ke eka sUkta meM kahA gayA hai ki rudra ne kezI ke sAtha viSapAna kiyA. isI sUkta ke prathama maMtra meM kahA gayA hai ki kezI isa viSa (jIvanasrota-jala) ko usI prakAra dhAraNa karatA hai, jisa prakAra pRthvI aura AkAza ko. yadyapi sAyaNa ne kezI kA artha sUrya kiyA hai, parantu kezI kA zAbdika artha jaTAdhArI hotA hai aura isa sUkta ke tIsare tathA bAda ke mantroM meM kezI kI tulanA una muniyoM se kI gaI hai jo apanI prANopAsanA dvArA vAyu kI gati ko roka lete haiM aura maunavRtti se unmattavat (paramAnanda sahita) vAyubhAva (azarIrI vRtti) ko prApta hote haiM aura sAMsArika maryaMjanoM ko jinakA kevala pArthiva zarIra hI dikhalAI detA hai.6 atharvaveda meM bhI rudra kA vyAdhi-vinAza ke liye AhvAna kiyA gayA hai. kucha mantroM meM rudra ko 'sahasrAkSa' bhI kahA gayA hai." isI veda ke pandrahaveM maNDala meM rudra kA vrAtya ke sAtha ullekha kiyA gayA hai aura sUkta ke prArambha meM hI kahA gayA hai ki 'vAtya mahAdeva bana gayA, vrAtya IzAna bana gayA hai.12 tathA yaha bhI likhA hai ki "vAtya ne apane paryaTana meM prajApati ko zikSA aura preraNA dI.13 sAyaNa ne vrAtya kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai : 1. yA vo meSajaH marutaH zuconi yA zAntamA vRpaNoM yA mayomu. yAni manuvRNItA pitA nastAzaMca yozca rudrasya vazmi.-vaho 2,33, 13. 2. zreSTho jAtasya rudra : zriyAsi tavastamastavasAM vajravAho. parSiNaH pAramahaMsaH svasti vizvA abhIti rapaso yuyodhi. vahI 2, 33, 3. 3. Rgveda : 6. 74. 4. vahI : 6, 7,3. 5. vahI: 2,1,6 3, 2, 5. 6. vahI: 1,43, 4. 7. bahI: 1,114, 6. 8. Rgveda: 1,172, 1:1, 64, 8 tathA 6, 5, 33, 5, 5, 61, 4 Adi. 1. RgvedaH 10,136, 2-3. 10. atharvaveda : 6,44, 3, 6, 57, 1,16,10, 6. 11. vahI : 11, 2, 7... 12. vahI:15, 1, 4, 5. 13. vrAtya AsI dIpamAna eva sa prajApati samaizyata. -atharvaveda 15, 1. AAJ wwwNya 010101olololol atstolo Iloil ololololololol Jain Eduation International resuTUS www.jainelibry.org mammmmmma

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DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAeM : 611 + + + + + + + + + + kaMcidvidvattamaM mahAdhikAraM puNyazIlaM vizvasaMmAnyaM karmaparAhmaNairvidviSTaM vrAtyamanulacya vacanamiti mantavyam arthAt vahA~ usa vrAtya se mantavya hai, jo vidvAnoM meM uttama, mahAdhikArI, puNyazIla aura vizvapUjya hai aura jisase karmakANDI brAhmaNa vidveSa karate haiM. isa prakAra vratadhArI evaM saMyamI hone ke kAraNa hI inheM vrAtya nahIM kahA jAtA thA, apitu zatapatha brAhmaNa ke eka ullekha se pratIta hotA hai ki vRtra (arthAt jJAna dvArA saba ora se ghera kara rahanevAlA sarvajJa) ko apanA iSTadeva mAnane ke kAraNa bhI yaha jana vrAtya ke nAma se abhihita kiye jAte the.' jarmana vidvAna DAkTara hauera kA mata hai ki yaha vrAtyoM ke yoga aura dhyAna kA abhyAsa thA jisane pAryoM ko AkarSita kiyA, aura vaidika vicAradhArA tathA dharma para apanA gaharA prabhAva DAlA hai. dUsarI ora zrI ena0 ena0 ghoSa apanI navIna khoja ke AdhAra para isa nirNaya para pahu~ce haiM ki prAcIna vaidika kAla meM vrAtya jAti pUrvI bhArata meM eka mahAn rAjanItika zakti thI. usa samaya vaidika Arya eka naye deza meM apanA prabhutva sthApita karane ke liye lar3a rahe the aura unako sainyabala kI atyadhika AvazyakatA thI. ataH unhoMne bar3I prasannatA se vrAtyoM ko apane dala meM milA liyA. vAtyoM ko bhI saMbhavataH AryoM ke naitika aura AdhyAtmika guNoM ne AkRSTa kiyA aura ve Arya jAti ke antargata hone ke liye taiyAra ho gaye aura phira isa prakAra AryoM se mila jAne para unakI sAmAjika tathA rAjanItika vyavasthA ko prabhAvita kiyA. vrAtya kA nirantara pUrva dizA ke sAtha sambaddha kiyA jAnA, usake anucaroM meM 'puMzcalI' aura "mAgadha" kA ullekha honA (ye donoM hI pUrva dezavAsI tathA Aryetara jAti ke haiM), AryoM se pahale bhI bhAratavarSa meM ativikasita aura samRddha sabhyatAe~ hone ke pramANasvarUpa adhikAdhika sAmagrI kA milanA Adi tathya zrI ena0 ena0 ghoSa ke nirNaya kI hI puSTi karate haiM. vaidika sAhitya ke anuzIlana se tathA laghu eziyAI purAtattva evaM mohanajodar3o tathA har3appA nagaroM kI khudAI se prApta sAmagrI ke AdhAra para yaha bAta sunizcita ho cukI hai ki vaidika AryagaNa laghu eziyA tathA madhya eziyA ke dezoM se hote hue tretA yuga ke Adi meM lagabhaga 3000 I0 pUrva meM ilAvata aura uttara pazcima ke dvAra se paMjAba meM Aye the. usa samaya pahale se hI drAvir3a loga gAndhAra se videha taka tathA pAMcAla se dakSiNa ke maya deza taka aneka jAtiyoM meM vibhakta hokara vibhinna janapadoM meM nivAsa kara rahe the. inakI sabhyatA pUrNa vikasita evaM samunnata thI evaM zilpakalA inake mukhya vyavasAya the. ye jahAjoM dvArA laghu eziyA tathA uttarapUrvIya aphrIkA ke dUravartI dezoM ke sAtha vyApAra karate the. ye drAvir3a loga sarpa-cihna kA ToTakA adhika prayoga meM lAne ke kAraNa nAga, ahi, sarpa, Adi nAmoM se vikhyAta the. zyAma varNa hone ke kAraNa 'kRSNa' kahalAte the. apanI apratima pratibhAzIlatA tathA ucca AcAra-vicAra ke kAraNa ye apane ko dAsa va dasyu (kAntimAna) nAmoM se pukArate the. vratadhArI evaM vRtra kA upAsaka hone se vrAtya tathA samasta vidyAoM ke jAnakAra hone se drAvir3a nAma se prasiddha the. saMskRta kA vidyAdhara zabda 'dravir3a' zabda kA hI rUpAntara hai. ye apane iSTadeva ko arhana, parameSThI, jina, ziva evaM Izvara ke nAmoM se abhihita karate the. jIvanazuddhi ke liye ye ahiMsA saMyama evaM tapomArga ke anugAmI the. inake sAdhu digambara hote the aura bar3e-bar3e bAla rakhate the. anya loga tapasyA evaM zrama ke sAtha sAdhanA karake mRtyu para bhI vijaya prApta kara lete the. yajurveda meM eka sthala para rudra kA 'kivi'5 (dhvaMsaka yA hAnikara) ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA gayA hai aura anyatra 'drautya' 1. vRtro havA idaM sarva vRtvA zizyo yadidamattareNa dyAvApRthivIya yadidaM sarva vRtvA zizye tasmAda vRtro nAma. "zapatatha brAhmaNa 11, 3, 4. 2. hoeraH dara vrAtya (vratya) 3. ena0ena0 ghoSa : iNDo Aryana liTarecara eNDa kalcara (orgin) 1934 I0 4. "ye nAtaranbhUtakRtotimRtyuyamanvavindan tapasA zrameNa."-atharvavedaH 4, 35. 5. yajurvedaH (vAjasaneyI saMhitA) 10, 20. YADAVta ta 9 200 Jain Pocatie Princess Use Gaw.janorary.org

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620 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, bhASyakAra mahIdhara ne jisakA artha-'uccha khala AcaraNa' kiyA hai. isake atirikta unake dhanuSa tathA tarakasa ko 'ziva' kahA gayA hai. unase prArthanA kI gaI hai ki vaha apane bhaktoM ko mitra ke patha para le caleM, na ki bhaMyakara samajhe jAne vAle apane patha para. bhiSak rUpa meM unakA smaraNa kiyA hai aura manuSya tathA pazuoM ke liye svAsthyaprada bheSaja dene ke liye bhI unase prArthanA kI gaI hai. yahA~ rudra kA 'pazupati' rUpa meM bhI ullekha milatA hai.5 yajurveda ke 'tryambaka homa' sUkta meM rudra ke sAtha eka strI devatA 'ambikA' kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai, jo rudra kI bahina batalAI gaI hai. inheM 'kRttivAsAH' kahA gayA hai aura mRtyu se mukti tathA amRtatva kI prApti ke liye prArthanA kI gaI hai. unake vizeSa vAhana mUSaka kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai tathA unheM yajJabhAga dene ke pazcAt 'mUjavata' parvata se pAra cale jAne kA bhI anurodha kiyA gayA upalabdha hotA hai. mUSaka jaise dharatI ke nIce rahanevAle jantu se unakA sambandha isa bAta kA dyotaka ho sakatA hai ki isa devatA ko parvata-kandarAoM meM rahanevAlA mAnA jAtA thA tathA "mUjavata' parvata se pare cale jAne kA anurodha isa bAta kA vyaMjaka ho sakatA hai ki isa devatA kA vAsa bhAratIya parvatoM meM mAnA jAtA thA. "kRtivAsA" upAdhi se pratIta hotA hai ki usakA apanA carma hI usakA vastra thA-arthAt vaha digambara thA. "zatarudriya stotra" meM rudra kI stuti meM 66 maMtra haiM, jo rudra ke yajurvedakAlIna rUpa ke spaSTa paricAyaka haiM. rudra ko yahAM pahalI bAra 'ziva'. zivatara' tathA 'zaMkara' Adi rUpoM meM ulkhita kiyA gayA hai. 'girizaMta' 'giritra' 'girizA' 'giricara' girizaya'-ina navIna upAdhiyoM se bhI unheM vibhUSita kiyA gayA hai. 'kSetrapati' tathA 'vaNik' bhI nirdiSTa kiye gaye haiM. prastuta stotra ke vIsa se vAIsa saMkhyA taka ke mantroM meM rudra ke liye katipaya vicitra upAdhiyoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai. aba taka rudra ke mAhAtmya kA gAna karanevAlA stotA unheM ina upAdhiyoM se vibhUSita karatA hai-stenAnAM pati (coroM kA adhirAja), vaMcaka, stAyUnAM pati [ThagoM kA saradAra), taskarANAM pati, muSNatAM pati, vikRntAnAM pati (galakaToM kA saradAra) kuluMcAnAM pati, Adi. isake atirikta inameM 'sabhA' 'sabhApati,' 'gaNa' 'gaNapati' Adi ke rudra ke upAsakoM ke ullekha ke sAtha 'vAta,' 'vrAtapati', takSaka, rathakAra, kulAla, karmakAra, niSAda, Adi kA bhI nirdeza kiyA gayA hai. brAhmaNa graMthoM ke samaya taka rudra kA pada nizcita rUpa se anya devatAoM se U~cA ho gayA thA aura vaha 'mahAdeva' kahA jAne lagA thA. jaimanIya brAhmaNa meM kahA gayA hai ki devatAoM ne prANImAtra ke karmoM kA avalokana karane aura dharma ke viruddha AcaraNa karanevAle kA vinAza karane ke uddezya se rudra kI sRSTi kI. rudra kA yaha naitika utkarSa hI thA, jisake kAraNa unakA pada UMcA huA aura jinake kAraNa anta meM rudra ko parama paramezvara mAnA gayA. zvetAzvatara upaniSad se spaSTa hai ki brAhmaNa granthoM ke samaya se rudra ke pada meM kitanA utkarSa ho cukA thA. isameM unheM 1. vahI : (vAjasaneyI saMhitA) 36, 6, tathA mahIdhara kA bhASya-duSTaM skhalanocchalanAdi vratam. 2. vahI : (taittirIya saMhitA) 4, 5, 1. 3. vahI : (taittirIya saMhitA) 1,2,4. 4. vahI : (taittirIya saMhita) 1,8, 6. 5. vahI : (vAjasaneyI saMhitA) 6, 3, 6, 3, 6, 8. (taittirIya) 1,8, 6. 6. yajurveda : (taittirIya saMhitA)1,8,6 (vAjasaneyI) 3, 57, 63. 7. vahI : (taittirIya saMhitA) 4,5,1. 8. kauzItakI : 21, 3. 1. jaiminIya : 3, 261, 63. JAILGADAM LJALI SAVE HOMEN Jain in 2brary.org

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DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAe~ : 621 sAmAnyataH Iza, mahezvara, ziva aura IzAna kahA gayA hai.' vaha mokSAbhilASI yogiyoM ke dhyAna ke viSaya haiM aura unako eka sraSTA, brahma aura paramAtmA mAnA gayA hai. isa kAla meM vaha kevala jana sAmAnya ke hI devatA nahIM the. apitu AryoM ke sabase pragatizIla vargoM ke ArAdhya deva bhI bana cuke the. isa rUpa meM unakA sambandha, dArzanika vicAradhArA aura yogAbhyAsa ke sAtha ho gayA thA, jisako upaniSad ke RSiyoM ne AdhyAtmika unnati kA eka mAtra sAdhana mAnA thA. apara vaidika kAla meM yogI, cintaka aura zikSaka ke rUpa meM jo ziva kI kalpanA kI gaI hai, vaha bhI isI sambandha ke kAraNa thI. zvetAzvatara upaniSad meM rudra ko Iza, ziva aura puruSa kahA gayA hai. likhA hai ki prakRti, puruSa athavA parabrahma kI zakti hai, jisake dvArA vaha vividha rUpa vizva kI sRSTi karatA hai. puruSa svayaM sraSTA nahIM, apitu eka bAra prakRti ko kriyAzIla banAkara vaha alaga ho jAtA hai aura kevala prekSaka ke rUpa meM kAma karatA hai. isase jJAta hotA hai ki isa samaya taka rudra una logoM ke ArAdhya deva bana gaye the jo sAMkhya vicAra-dhArA kA vikAsa kara rahe the. praznopaniSad meM rudra ko parirakSitA kahA gayA hai aura prajApati se usakA tAdAtmya prakaTa kiyA gayA hai.5 maitrAyaNI upaniSad meM rudra kI 'zambhu' [arthAt zAntidAtA] upAdhi kA pahalI bAra ullekha huA.6 zrota-sUtroM meM rudra kI upAsanA kA vahI svarUpa upalabdha hotA hai jaisA brAhmaNa graMthoM meM. yahA~ rudra kA rUpa kevala eka devatA kA hai aura unake rudra , bhava, zarva Adi aneka nAmoM kA ullekha hai. mahAdeva, pazupati, bhUtapati Adi upAdhiyoM se bhI vibhUSita kiyA gayA hai.8 rudra se manuSyoM aura pazuoM kI rakSA ke liye prArthanA kI gaI hai. unheM roganAzaka auSadhiyoM kA dAtA aura vyAdhinivAraka' kahA gayA hai. gRhya sUtroM meM rudra kI samasta vaidika upAdhiyoM kA ullekha milatA hai,12 yadyapi inake 'ziva' aura zaMkara ye navIna nAma adhika pracalita hote jA rahe haiM.13 yahA~ unheM zmazAnoM, puNyatIrthoM evaM caurAhoM jaise sthaloM meM ekAnta vihArI ke rUpa meM citrita kiyA gayA hai.14 sindhu ghATI ke nivAsiyoM kA vaidika AryoM ke sAtha saMmizraNa ho jAne para rudra ne sindhu ghATI ke puruSa devatA ko AtmasAt kara liyA. isake phalasvarUpa sindhu ghATI kI strI devatA kA rudra kI pUrvasahacarI ambikA ke sAtha tAdAtmya ho gayA aura use rudrapatnI mAnA jAne lagA. isa prakAra bhAratavarSa meM devI kI upAsanA AI aura zaktimata kA sUtrapAta huA. isake atirikta jananendriya sambandhI pratIkoM kI upAsanA, jo sindhughATI ke devatAoM kI upAsanA kA eka aMga thI, kA bhI rudra kI upAsanA meM samAveza ho gayA. isake atirikta 'liMga' rudra kA eka viziSTa pratIka mAnA jAne lagA aura isI kAraNa usakI upAsanA bhI prArambha ho gaI. parantu dhIre-dhIre loga yaha bhUla gaye ki prArambha meM yaha eka jananendriya sambandhI pratIka thA. isa prakAra bhArata meM liMgopAsanA kA prAdurbhAva huA, jo zaiva 1. zvetAzvatara upaniSad 3-11-4-10-4, 11, 5,16. 2. vahI:3,2-4,3,7,4,10-24. 3. zvetAzvatara upaniSad 4,1. 4. vahIH 4, 5. 5. praznopaniSad 2,6. 6. maitrAyaNI upaniSad 15, 8. 7. zAMkhAyana zrautasUtra : 4, 16, 1. 8. vahI : 4, 20, 14. hai. vahI: 4, 20,1.AzvalAyanaH 3,11,1. 10. lANayana zrautasUtraH 5, 3, 2. 11. zAMkhAyana zrautasUtraH 3, 4, 8. 12. AzvalAyana gRhyasUtraH 4,10. 13. vahIH 2,1,2. 14. mAnavagRhyasUtra 2, 13, 6, 14. Jain Edatoritat

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622 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya dharma kA eka aMga bana gaI. dUsarI ora upaniSadoM se pratIta hotA hai ki rudra kI upAsanA kA pracAra navIna dhArmika tathA dArzanika vicAradhArA ke pravartakoM meM ho rahA thA, aura ye loga rudra ko parabrahma mAnate the. sUtrayuga meM rudra ko 'vinAyaka' kI upAdhi dI gaI aura yahI apara vaidika kAla meM gaNeza nAma se prasiddha huA. rudra tathA vinAyaka prArambha meM eka hI devatA ke do rUpa the, parantu kAlakrama se yaha smRti lupta ho gayI aura gaNeza ko rudra kA putra mAnA jAne lagA. upaniSatkAlIna bhaktivAda ne deza ke dhArmika AcAra-vicAra meM yugAntara upasthita kara diyA. karmakANDa kA sthAna stuti, prArthanA tathA pUjA ne le liyA aura mandiroM ke nirmANa ke sAtha mAnavAkAra tathA ligAkAra meM rudra-mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA tathA pUjA Arambha ho gaI tathA rudra kA nAma bhI aba ziva ke rUpa meM lokapracalita ho gayA. pANini ke samaya meM ziva ke vikasita svarUpa ke pramANa ve sUtra haiM, jinheM 'mAhezvara" batalAyA gayA hai. vaise pANini kI aSTAdhyAyI meM rudra, bhava aura zarva zabdoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai.2 rAmAyaNa meM rudra ke atyadhika vikasita svarUpa ke darzana hote haiM. yahA~ unheM mukhyata: 'ziva' kahA jAtA hai. mahAdeva, mahezvara, zaMkara tathA tryambaka nAmoM kA adhika ullekha milatA hai. yahA~ unheM devatAoM meM sarvazreSTha deva-deva kahA gayA hai, aura amaraloka meM bhI unakI upAsanA vihita dikhalAI gaI hai.4 eka anya sthala para unheM amara, akSara aura avyaya bhI mAnA gayA hai.5 eka sthAna para unheM himAlaya meM yogAbhyAsa karate hue dikhalAyA gayA hai.6 rAmAyaNa meM ziva ke sAtha devI kI upAsanA bhI bhakta jana karate haiM. ina donoM ko lekara jisa upAsanApaddhati kA janma huA, vedottara kAla meM vahI zaivadharma kA sarvAdhika pracalita rUpa banA. rAmAyaNa meM ziva kI 'hara tathA 'vRSabhadhvaja ina do navIna upAdhiyoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai. mahAbhArata meM ziva ko parabrahma, asIma, acintya, vizvasrathA, mahAbhUtoM kA eka mAtra udgama, nitya aura avyakta Adi kahA gayA hai. eka sthala para unheM sAMkhya ke nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA hai aura anyatra yogiyoM ke parama puruSa nAma se. vaha svayaM mahAyogI haiM aura AtmA ke yoga tathA samasta tapasyAoM ke jJAtA haiM. eka sthala para likhA hai ki ziva ko tapa aura bhakti dvArA hI pAyA jA sakatA hai.'' aneka sthaloM para viSNu ke liye prayukta kI gaI yogezvara" kI upAdhi isa tathya kI dyotaka hai ki viSNu kI upAsanA meM bhI yogAbhyAsa kA samAveza ho gayA thA, aura koI bhI mata isake vardhamAna mahattva kI upekSA nahIM kara sakatA thA. mahAbhArata meM ziva ke eka anya navIna rUpa ke darzana hote haiM aura vaha hai unakA 'kApAlika' svarUpa. yaha svarUpa mRtyudevatA vaidika rudra kA vikasita rUpa mAlUma detA hai. yahA~ unakI AkRti bhaktivAda ke ArAdhyadeva ziva kI saumya 1. mAhezvara sUtra isa prakAra haiM-ai uNa, kAlU ka. e o Ga, ai o ca, ha ya va ra, la Na, ama Ga Na na m, ma bha Ja, ghaDha dha 5, ja va ga Da da za, kha pha cha Tha tha ca Ta ta ba, ka pa ya za pa sara, hala. 2. aSTAdhyAyo : 1,46, 3, 53, 4,100. 3. rAmAyaNa, bAlakANDaH 45, 22-26, 66.11-12, 6, 1,16, 27. 4. vahI, 13, 21. 5. vahI, 4. 26. 6. vahI,36, 26. 7. rAmAyaNa, bAlakANDaH 43, 6. uttarakANDaH 4, 32, 16, 27, 87, 11. 8. vahI, yuddhakANDaH 117, 3 uttarakANDaH 16, 35, 87, 12. 6. mahAbhArata droNaH 74,56,61.169, 26. 10. vahIH anuzAsanaH 18,8,22. 11. anuzAsana vahI: 18, 74 Adi. HDMCLI _Jain tumadan

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DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAeM : 623 AkRti ke sarvathA viparIta evaM bhayAvaha hai. vaha hAtha meM kapAla liye haiM' aura lokavajita zmazAna pradeza unakA priya AvAsa hai, jahAM vaha rAkSasoM, vetAloM, pizAcoM aura isI prakAra ke anya jIvoM ke sAtha vihAra karate haiM. unake gaNa ko 'naktaMcara' tathA 'pizitAzana' kahA gayA hai. eka sthala para svayaM ziva ko mAMsa bhakSaNa karate hue tathA rakta evaM majjA kA pAna karate hue ullikhita kiyA gayA hai." azvaghoSa ke buddhacarita meM ziva kA 'vRSadhvaja' tathA 'bhava' ke rUpa meM ullekha huA hai,5 bhAratIya nATyazAstra meM ziva ko 'paramezvara' kahA gayA hai.6 unakI 'trinetra' 'vRSAMka' tathA 'naTarAja' upAdhiyoM kI carcA hai. vaha nRtyakalA ke mahAn AcArya haiM aura unhoMne hI nATyakalA ko 'tANDava' diyA. vaha isa samaya taka mahAn yogAcArya ke rUpa meM khyAta ho cuke the tathA isameM kahA gayA hai ki unhoMne hI 'bharata-putroM' ko siddhi sikhAI.8 anta meM ziva ke tripuradhvaMsa kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai aura batAyA gayA hai ki brahmA ke Adeza se bharata ne 'tripuradAha' nAmaka eka 'Dima' (rUpaka kA eka prakAra) bhI racA thA aura bhagavAn ziva ke samakSa usakA abhinaya huA thA.6 purANoM meM ziva kA pada bar3A hI mahattvapUrNa ho gayA hai. yahA~ vaha dArzanikoM ke brahma haiM, AtmA haiM, asIma haiM aura zAzvata haiM.1deg vaha eka Adi puruSa haiM. parama satya haiM tathA upaniSadoM evaM vedAnta meM unakI hI mahimA kA gAna kiyA gayA hai." buddhimAn aura mokSAbhilASI inhIM kA dhyAna karate haiM.12 vaha sarvajJa haiM, vizvavyApI haiM, carAcara ke svAmI haiM tathA samasta prANiyoM meM AtmarUpa se basate haiM.13 vaha eka svayaMbhU haiM tathA vizva kA sUjana, pAlana evaM saMhAra karane ke kAraNa tIna rUpa dhAraNa karate haiM. unheM 'mahAyogI',15 tathA yogavidyA kA pramukha AcArya mAnA jAtA hai. saura tathA vAyu purANa meM ziva kI eka vizeSa yogika upAsanA vidhi kA nAma mAhezvara yoga hai. inheM isa rUpa meM 'yatI', 'Atma-saMyamI' 'brahmacArI'20 tathA 'UrdhvaretAH'21 bhI kahA gayA hai. zivapurANa meM ziva kA Adi tIrthaMkara vRSabhadeva ke rUpa meM avatAra 1. vanaparva bahIH 188, 50 Adi. 2. vahI vanaparvaH 83, 3. 3. droNa parvaH 50, 46. 4. vahI, anuzAsana parva, 151, 7. 5. buddhacaritaH 10, 3, 1,63. 6. nAtyazAstraH 1,1. 7. vahIH 1, 45, 24, 5, 10. 8. vahIH 1,60, 65. 6. vahIH 4,5,10. 10. liMga purANa, bhAga 2, 21, 46, vAyupurANaH 55, 3, garuDapurANaH 16, 6,7. 11. saurapurANaH 26, 31, brahmapurANaH 123, 116. 12. vahIH 2,83, brahmapurANaH 110, 100. 13. vAyu purANaH 30, 283,84. 14. vahIH 66, 108, liMga purANa bhAga 1, 11. 15. vahI: 24, 156 ityAdi. 16. brahmavaivartapurANaH bhAga 1, 3, 20, 6, 4. 17. saura purANaH adhyAya 12. 18. vAyu purANa adhyAya 10. 16. matsyapurANaH 47, 138, vAyupurANaH 17, 166. 20. vahI, 47,138, 26, vAyupurANaH 24, 162. 21. matsyapurANaH 136, 5, saurapurANaH 7,17, 38,1,38, 14. Jain EduKITramadi tiaT A THHTRA || HITADKAnirahARATIONanitilv.. ... .1111111111111111111111..numausbanry.org

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624 : munizrI hajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya lene kA ullekha hai.' prabhAsapurANa meM bhI aisA hI ullekha upalabdha hotA hai.2 vimalasUri ke 'paumacariu' ke maMgalAcaraNa ke prasaMga meM eka "jinendra rudrASTaka' kA ullekha huA hai. yadyapi ise athaka kahA gayA hai, parantu padya sAta hI haiM. isameM jinendra bhagavAn kA rudra ke rUpa meM stavana kiyA gayA hai. batAyA gayA hai ki jinendra rudra pApa rUpI andhakAsura ke vinAzaka haiM, kAma, lobha evaM moharUpI tripura ke dAhaka haiM, unakA zarIra tapa rUpI bhasma se vibhUSita hai, saMyamarUpI vRSabha para vaha ArUr3ha haiM, saMsArarUpI karI (hAthI) ko vidIrNa karane vAle haiM, nirmala buddhirUpI candrarekhA se alaMkRta haiM, zuddhabhAvarUpI kapAla se sampanna haiM, vratarUpI sthira parvata (kailAza) para nivAsa karane vAle haiM, guNa-gaNa rUpI mAnava-muNDoM ke mAlAdhArI haiM, daza dharmarUpI khaTvAMga se yukta haiM. tapaHkIti rUpI gaurI se maNDita haiM. sAta bhaya rUpI uddAma DamarU ko bajAnevAle haiM, arthAt vaha sarvathA bhItirahita haiM, manogupti rUpI sarpaparikara se vethita haiM, nirantara satyavANI rUpI vikaTa jaTA-kalApa se maMDita haiM tathA huMkAramAtra se bhaya kA vinAza karane vAle haiM. AcArya vIrasena svAmI ne dhavalA TIkA meM arhantoM kA paurANika ziva ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai aura kahA hai ki arhanta parameSThI ve haiM jinhoMne moha rUpI vRkSa ko jalA diyA hai, jo vizAla ajJAna rUpI pArAvAra se uttIrNa ho cuke haiM, jinhoMne vighnoM ke samUha ko naSTa kara diyA hai, jo sampUrNa bAdhAoM se nirmukta haiM, jo acala haiM, jinhoMne kAmadeva ke prabhAva ko dalita kara diyA hai, jinhoMne tripura arthAt moha, rAga dveSa ko acchI taraha se bhasma kara diyA hai, jo digambara munivratI athavA muniyoM ke pati arthAt Izvara haiM, jinhoMne samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyak cAritra rUpI trizUla ko dhAraNa karake moha rUpI aMdhakAsura ke kabandhavRnda kA haraNa kara liyA hai tathA jinhoMne sampUrNa AtmarUpa ko prApta kara liyA hai aura durnaya kA anta kara diyA hai.4 paumacariu meM ullikhita 'rudrAyaka' isa tathya kA dyotaka hai ki isa racanA ke samaya taka vaidikakAlIna rudra ne kApAlika evaM paurANika yuga ke lokapracalita svarUpa ko aMgIkAra kara liyA thA, jisakA jaina paramparAnurUpI samanvaya ukta 'aSaka' ke racayitA ne apanI racanA meM karake apanI paramparAgata rudrabhakti kA paricaya diyA. vIrasena svAmI dvArA arhantoM kA paurANika ziva ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA citraNa bhI isI tathya kI ora iMgita karatA hai. svayaM mahAkavi puSpadanta ne bhI apane mahApurANa meM eka sthala para bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ke liye rudra kI brahmA-viSNu-maheza rUpI trimUrti se sambandhita aneka vizeSaNoM kA prayoga kiyA hai. bhagavAn kA yaha eka saMstavana hai, jise unake kevala jJAna 1. itthaM prabhAva RSabho'vatAraH zaMkarasya me / satAM gatirdInabandhurnavamaH kathitabastava / RSabhasya caritra hi paramaM pAvanaM mahat / svaya'yazasyamAyuSyaM zrotavyaM ca pryltH| -zivapurANa 4, 47-48. 2. kailAze vimalaramye vRSabho'yaM jinezvaraH / cakAra svAvatAra ca sarvajJaH sarvagaH shivH| -prabhAsapusaNa, 46. 3. 'pApAndhakanirNAzaM makaradhvaja-lobha-mohapuradahanam , tapobhasma bhUSitAMgaM jinendrarudra sadA vande // 1 // saMyamavRSabhArUDhaM tapa-ugramahata tIkSNazUladharam, saMsArakari vidAraM jinendrarudra sadA vande / / bimalamaticandrarekha viracitasilazuddhabhAvakapAlam, vratAcalazailanilaya jinendrarudra sadA vande / 3 / guNagaNanaraziramAlaM dazadhvajodbhUtaviditakhaDvAGgam, tapaH kIrtigauriracitaM jinendrarudra sadA bande / 4 / saptabhayaDAma DamarUkavAdyaM anavarataprakaTasaMdoham, manovaddhasarpaparikaraM jinendrarudra sadA vande / 5 / anavaratasatyavAcA vikaTajaTAmukuTa kRtazobham, huMkArabhayavinAzaM jinendrarudra sadA vande / / IzAna zayanaracitaM jinendrarudrASTakaM lalitaM me bhAvaM ca, yaH paThati bhAvazuddhastasya bhavejjagati saMsiddhiH // 7 // ' 4. 'giddhaddhamohataruNo visthirANaNANa-sAyaruttiNNA, Nihaya-Niya-vigdha-vaggA bahuvAhaviNiggayA ayalA / daliya-mayaNa-dhAyAbA tikAlavisaehi tIhi NyaNehiM, diTThasayalaTThasArA suraddhatiuNa muNabvaiyo / tirayaNatisUladhAriya mohaMdhAsura-kavaMdha-vindaharA, siddhasayalapparUvA arahantA duNNayakayaMtA / -dhavalA TIkA-1 pR0 saM045-46. Jain Edation wweenebrary.org

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DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAeM : 625 hone ke pazcAt saudharma tathA IzAna indra ne prastuta kiyA hai. stavana meM bhagavAn kI jaya manAte hue kahA gayA hai ki vaha durmatha kAmadeva kA manthana karanevAle haiM, doSa-roSa rUpI mAMsa ke liye agni ke samAna haiM, sampUrNa vizuddha kevalajJAna ke AvAsa haiM, aura mithyAmArga se sanmArga prApti ke vidhAraka haiM. vaha kaMkAla, trisUla, manuSya-kapAla, viSadhara tathA strI se rahita haiM, zAnta haiM, ziva hai, ahiMsaka haiM, rAjanyavarga unake caraNoM kI pUjA karatA hai. paropakArI haiM, bhIti dUra karanevAle haiM, parantu apane antaraMga ripuvarga ke liye bhayaMkara haiM, vAmAvimukta [strI rahita] haiM, parantu svayaM saMsAra ke liye vAma [pratikUla] haiM, tripurahArI [janma jarA mRtyu] athavA mithyAdarzana, jJAna cAritra rUpI tripura ke vinAzaka haiM, hara haiM, dharyazAlI haiM, nirmala svayaM buddha rUpa se sampanna haiM, svayaMbhU haiM, sarvajJa haiM, sukha tathA zAntikArI zaMkara haiM, candradhara haiM, sUrya haiM, rudra haiM, ugra tapasviyoM meM agragAmI haiM, saMsAra ke svAmI haiM, tathA use upazAnta karane vAle haiM, mahAdeva haiM, mahAn guNagaNoM se yazasvI haiM, mahAkAla haiM, pralayakAla ke liye ugrakAla haiM, gaNeza [gaNadharoM ke svAmI] haiM, gaNapatiyoM [vRSabhasena Adi gaNadharoM] ke janaka haiM, brahma hai, brahmacArI haiM, vedAMgavAdI siddhAntabAdI] haiM, kamalayoni haiM, pRthvI kA uddhAra karane vAle AdivarAha haiM, suvarNavRSTi ke sAtha garbha meM avatIrNa hue haiM, durbhaya ke nivAraka haiM, hiraNyagarbha haiM, [yugasRSTA haiM] paramAnantacatuya [ananta-darzana, anantajJAna, anantasukha tathA anantavIrya] se suzobhita haiM, ajJAnAndhakArahArI haiM, divasanAtha haiM, yajJapuruSa haiM, pazuyajJa ke vinAzaka haiM, RSi-sammata ahiMsAdharma ke prakAzaka haiM, mAdhava (antaraMgabahiraMga lakSmI ke svAmI) haiM, tribhuvana ke mAdhaveza haiM, madyarUpI madhu ko dUSita karane vAle madhusUdana haiM, lokadRSTA paramAtmA haiM, govarddhana (jJAnavardhaka) haiM, kezava haiM aura paramahaMsa haiM. indra kahate haiM-bhagavAn ko saMsAra meM kezava kahA jAtA hai jo rAgI ho [yaH kezeSu rAgavAn sa 'kezavaH' jo kezoM meM anurAgI ho use kezava kahate haiM], parantu tuma to vItarAgI ho, ata: tumhAre andara vaha kezavatva kaise A sakatA hai ? 'kezava' ke anya praznamUlaka zAbdika tAtparya ko lekara indra kahate haiM-bhagavan, vAstava meM ve hI jar3a haiM jo tumhArA upahAsa karate haiM aura aise jana kA naraka-vAsa hI nizcita hai. bhagavan, tuma kAzyapa ho, jar3a-AcAra se vihIna ho, ekAgracintAnirodhapUrvaka dhyAnI ho, AkAza, agni, candra, sUrya, yajamAna, pRthvI, pavana, salila-ina ATha zarIroM se yukta mahezvara ho, paramaudArika zarIra se yukta ho. kalikAla ke samasta pApa-paMka se mukta ho, siddha ho, buddha ho, zuddhodani ho, sugata ho, kumArganAzaka 1. jaya dummahavammahaNimmahaNa dosa-rosa-pazu-pAsa-sihi, jaya sayalavimalakevalavilaya haraNa-karaNa-uddharaNavihi / 2. jaya kaMkAlasUlagarakaMdalavisaharavilayavirahiyA, jaya bhagavaMta saMta siva sakiva NivaMciyacaraNa parahiyA / jaya sukai kahiyaNIsesaNAma bhomaMthaNa NiyArauvaggabhIma, vAmAvimukka saMsAravAma jaya tiurahAri harahIradhAma / jaya payaDiyadhusasayaMbhubhAva jayajaya saMyabhU parigaNiya bhAva, jaya saMkara saMkara vihiyasaMti jaya sasahara kuvalayadieNakati / jaya rudda udatavaggagAmi jaya jaya bhavasAmi bhavovasAmi, mahaeva mahAguNagaNajasAla mahakAla palayakAlumgakAla / jaya jaya gaNesa gaNavaijaNera jaya vaMbhapasAhiya baMbhacera, veyaMgatrAi jaya kamalajoNi AI varAha uddhariyakhoNi / sahiraeNaviTTi paDivaeNagabbha jaya duraNayaNihaNa hiraeNagabma, jaya paramANeta caukkasoha bhAvaMdhasArahara divasaNAha / jaya jagaNapurisa pasujaNNaNAsi risisaMsa ahiMsAdhammabhAsi / / 3. 'jaya mAhava tihuvaNamAhavesa mahusUyaNa siyamahuvisesa jaya loyaNioiya paramahaMsa govaddharaNa kesava paramahaMsa / jagi so kesau jo rAyavaMta tuha pIrAyaDu, kahiM kesavattu.---'mahApurANa' 10,5. 4. dekhiye, mahApurANa 10, 5 kI TippaNI. 5. ke sava te sava je pada hasaMti jaDa pAvapiMDa rauravi vasaMti, jaya vAsava kA savavihi tumammi NeraMtarU citti girohu jammi / jaya gayaNa huyAsaNacaMda ravi jIvaya mahi mAruya salila, aLaMgama hesara jaya sayala pakkhAliya kalimalakalila ||-'mahApurANa' 10, 5. tulanA kIjiye: yA sRSTi sRSTArAdhA vahati vidhihutaM yA haviyaryA ca hotrI ye dve sandhye vidhattaH zrutiviSayaguNA yA sthitA vyApya vizva / yAmAhu 'sarvabIjaprakRtiriti yayA prANinaH prANavantaH, pratyakSAbhiH 'prapannastanubhiravatu vastAbhiraSTAbhirIzaH' / -abhijJAnazAkuntala 1, 1 tathA mAlavikAgnimitra 1,1. 6. jaya jaya siddha yuddha suddhoyaNi sugaya kumaggaNAsaNA, jaya vaikuMTha viThu dAmoyara hayaparavAivAsaNA ||-'mhaapuraann' 10,6. AERIYANKARAN JainEdseas

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Jain Educ 626 munizrI hajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya ho, kuSThavAsI viSNu ho, dAmodara ho tathA paravAdiyoM kI vAsanA ko naSTa karane vAle ho. mahAkavi puSpadanta ke ullikhita saMstavana ke adhyayana se pratIta hotA hai ki bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ke rUpa meM hI ziva ke trimUrtirUpa tathA buddha rUpa ko bhI samanvita kara liyA gayA hai. yadyapi samanvaya kriyA puSpadanta dvArA jainadRSTi ko sammukha rakha kara kI gaI hai, parantu pratIta hotA hai ki tatkAlIna lokapracalita ziva ke ekezvaratva ne bhI aMzata: unake mastiSka para avazya prabhAva DAlA hai. puSpadaMta kA yuga jainadharma ke utkarSa tathA dhArmika sahiSNutA kA yuga thA. khajurAho' ke 1000 IsvI ke zilAlekha nambara pA~ca meM ziva kA 'ekezvara' rUpa meM tathA 'viSNu' 'buddha' aura 'jina' kA unhIM ke avatAroM ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA jAnA isI tathya ko puSTa karatA hai. yadyapi isase pUrva paurANika kAla meM dhArmika saMgharSa ne ugrarUpa dhAraNa kiyA aura cArvAka, kaula tathA kApAlikoM ke sAtha bauddha aura jainoM ko bhI vidharmI mAnA gayA. vRSabha tathA ziva aikya ke anya sAkSya : katipaya anya lokamAnya sAkSya bhI vRSabha tathA ziva- -donoM ke aikya ke samarthaka haiM jo nimna prakAra haiM : ziva rAtri tathA kailAza : vaidika mAnyatA ke anusAra ziva kailAzavAsI haiM aura unase sambandhita zivarAtri parva kA vahA~ bar3A mahatva hai. jaina paramparA ke anusAra bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne sarvajJa hone ke pazcAt AryAvarta ke samasta dezoM meM vihAra kiyA, bhavya jIvoM ko dhArmika dezanA dI aura Ayu ke anta meM aSTApada ( kailAza parvata) pahu~ce. vahA~ pahu~ca kara yoganirodha kiyA aura zeSa karmoM kA kSaya karake mAgha kRSNA caturdazI ke dina akSaya zivagati (mokSa) prApta kI. 3 bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne aSTApada ( kailAza) se jisa dina ziva-gati prApta kI usa dina samasta sAdhu-saMgha ne dina ko upavAsa tathA rAtri ko jAgaraNa karake ziva-gati prApta bhagavAn kI ArAdhanA kI, jisake phalasvarUpa yaha tithi-rAtri 'zivarAtri' ke nAma se prasiddha huI. uttaraprAntIya jainetara varga meM prastuta zivarAtri parva phAlguna kRSNA caturdazI ko mAnA jAtA hai. uttara tathA dakSiNa dezIya paMcAgoM meM maulika bheda hI isakA mUla kAraNa hai. uttaraprAnta meM mAsa kA AraMbha kRSNa pakSa se mAnA jAtA hai aura dakSiNa meM zukla-pakSa se prAcIna mAnyatA bhI yahI hai. anetara sAhitya meM caturdazI ke dina hI zivarAtri kA ullekha milatA hai. IzAna saMhitA meM likhA hai: mAghe kRSNacaturdazyAmAdidevo mahAnizi / zivaliMgatayodbhUtaH koTisUryasamaprabhaH / tatkAlavyApinI grAhyA zivarAtrivate tithiH / prastuta uddharaNa meM jahA~ isa tathya kA saMketa hai ki mAghakRSNA caturdazI ko hI zivarAtri mAnya kiyA jAnA cAhie, vahA~ usakI mAnyatAmUlaka aitihAsika kAraNa kA bhI nirdeza hai ki ukta tithi kI mahAnizA meM koTi sUrya prabhopama bhagavAn 1. epigrAphikA iDikA bhAga 1, pRSTha saM0 14. 2. saurapurANa 38, 54. 3. 'mAssa kiriha coddasi puvvara he yiya jammaNkkhatte. (ka) aTThAvayammi saho ajudega samaM gojjomi / - tiloyaparANatI / (kha) ..ghaNa tuhiNakaraNAuli mAhamAsi / sUraggamikasaNacaudasIhi pinbui titthaMkari purisasIhi / mahApurANa : 37, 3. 4. IzAna saMhitA. ......... wwwrary.org

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Jain EduG DaoN0 0 rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAeM : 627 Adideva [vRSabhanAtha ] zivagati prApta ho jAne se 'ziva' isa liMga [cihna] se prakaTa hue - - arthAt jo ziva pada prApta hone se pahale 'Adideva' kahe jAte the, ve aba zivapada prApta ho jAne se 'ziva' kahalAne lage. uttara tathA dakSiNa prAnta kI yaha vibhinnatA kevala kRSNa pakSa meM hI rahatI hai, para zukla pakSa ke sambandha meM donoM hI eka mata haiM. jaba uttara bhArata meM phAlguna kRSNapakSa cAlU hogA taba dakSiNa bhArata kA vaha mAghakRSNa pakSa kahA jAyagA. jainapurANoM ke praNetA prAyaH dakSiNa bhAratIya jainAcArya rahe haiM, ataH unake dvArA ullikhita mAghakRSNA caturdazI uttarabhAratIya jana kI phAlguna kRSNA caturdazI hI ho jAtI hai. kAlamAdhavIya nAgara khaNDa meM prastuta mAsavaiSamya kA nimna prakAra samanvaya kiyA gayA hai' : 'mAgha mAsasya zeSe yA prathame phAlguNasya ca / kRSNA caturdazI sA tu zivarAtriH prakIrtitA / ' arthAt dakSiNAtya jana ke mAgha mAsa ke zeSa athavA antima pakSa kI aura uttaraprAntIya jana ke phAlguna ke prathama mAsa kI kRSNA caturdazI 'zivarAtri' kahI gaI hai. gaMgAvataraNa uttaravaidika mAnyatA ke anusAra jaba gaMgA AkAza se avatIrNa huI to dIrgha kAla taka zivajI ke jaTAjUTa meM bhramaNa karatI rahI aura usake pazcAt vaha bhUtala para avatarita huI. yaha eka rUpaka hai, jisakA vAstavika rahasya yaha hai ki jaba ziva arthAt bhagavAn RSabha deva ko asarvajJadazA meM jisa svasaMvittirupI jJAna gaMgA kI prApti huI usakI dhArA dIrghakAla taka unake mastiSka meM pravAhita hotI rahI aura unake sarvajJa hone ke pazcAt vahI dhArA unakI divya vANI ke mArga se prakaTa hokara saMsAra ke uddhAra ke liye bAhara AI tathA isa prakAra samasta AryAvarta ko pavitra evaM AplAvita kara diyA. gaMgAvataraNa jaina paraMparAnusAra eka anya ghaTanA kA bhI smAraka hai. vaha yaha hai ki jaina bhaugolika mAnyatA meM gaMgAnadI himavAn parvata ke padmanAmaka sarovara se nikalatI hai. vahA~ se nikala kara vaha kucha dUra taka to Upara hI pUrvadizA kI ora bahatI hai, phira dakSiNa kI ora mur3a kara jahA~ bhUtala para avatIrNa hotI hai, vahA~ para nIce gaMgAkUTa meM eka vistRta cabUtare para Adi jinendra vRSabhanAtha kI jaTAjUTa vAlI aneka vajramayI pratimAe~ avasthita haiM, jina para himavAn parvata ke Upara se gaMgA kI dhArA giratI hai. vikrama kI caturtha zatAbdI ke mahAn jaina AcArya yativRSabha ne trilokaprajJapti meM prastuta gaMgAvataraNa kA isa prakAra varNana kiyA hai : 'AdijapaDimA tAyo jn-serkhaao| paDimorimsa gaMgA abhivitumayA va sA paDhada arthAt gaMgAkUTa ke Upara jaTArUpa mukuTa se zobhita Adi jinendra ( vRSabhanAtha bhagavAn ) kI pratimAeM haiM. pratIta hotA hai ki una pratimAoM kA abhiSeka karane kI abhilASA se hI gaMgA unake Upara giratI hai. AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI ne bhI prastuta gaMgAvataraNa kI ghaTanA kA nimna prakAra citraNa kiyA hai : siragisIsAMjasiMhAsa jiyamabhiSintumA vA codiyA satya gaMgA / ' arthAt zrI devI ke gRha ke zIrSa para sthita kamala kI kaNikA ke Upara siMhAsana para virAjamAna jo jaTArUpa mukuTa 1. kAlamAdhavIya nAgara khaNDa. 2. trilokaprajJapti : 4, 230. 3. triloka sAra 560, gAthA saMkhyA. www.adfary.org

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Jain 628 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya vAlI jinamUrti hai, usakA abhiSeka karane ke liye hI mAnoM gaMgA usa mUrti ke mastaka para himavAn parvata se avatIrNa huI hai. trizUla vaidika paraMparA meM ziva ko trizUladhArI batalAyA gayA hai tathA trizUlAMkita zivamUrtiyA~ bhI upalabdha hotI haiM. jainaparaMparA meM bhI arhanta kI mUrtiyoM ko ratnatraya (samyagdarzana, sayagjJAna, samyak cAritra) ke pratIkAtmaka trizUlAMkita trizUla se sampanna dikhalAyA gayA hai. AcArya vIrasena ne eka gAthA trizUlAMkita arhantoM ko namaskAra kiyA hai.' sindhu upatyakA se prApta mudrAoM para bhI kucha aise yogiyoM kI mUrtiyA~ aMkita haiM jo digambara haiM, jinake zira para trizUla haiM aura kAyotsargaM mudrA meM dhyAnAvasthita haiM. kucha mUrtiyA~ vRSabhacihna se aMkita haiM. mUrtiyoM ke ye donoM rUpa mahAn yogI vRSabhadeva se saMbaMdhita haiM. isa ke atirikta khaMDagiri kI jaina guphAoM ( IsApUrva dvitIya zatAbdI) meM tathA mathurA ke kuzAnakAlIna jaina AyAgapaTTa Adi meM bhI trizUlacihna kA ullekha milatA hai. DA0 roTha ne isa trizUla cihna tathA mohanajodar3o kI mudrAoM para aMkita trizUla meM Atyantika sAdRzya dikhalAyA hai. brAhmIlipi tathA mAhezvara sUtra jaisI ki jaina mAnyatA hai tathA pahale hamane mahApurANa kI pAMcavIM sandhi meM dekhA ki bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne apane putra bharata Adi ko sampUrNa kalAoM meM pAraMgata kiyA aura apanI putrI brAhmI ko lipividyA ( akSara vidyA) tathA sundarI ko aMkavidyA sikhalAI. bhArata kI prAcInatama lipi brAhmI lipi hai. jainaparamparA meM tathA upaniSad meM bhI bhagavAn RSabhadeva ko Adi brahmA kahA gayA hai, ataH brahmA se AI huI lipi brAhmI kahalAI jA sakatI hai tathA brahma se sambandhita lipi kA nAma bhI brAhmI ho sakatA hai. dUsarI ora pANini ne aiuN Adi sUtroM (sUtrabaddha varNamAlA) ko 'mAhezvara' batalAyA hai, jisakA artha hai mahezvara se Aye hue. vaidika paraMparA meM jahA~ ziva ko mahezvara kahA gayA hai, vahA~ jainaparamparA meM bhagavAn RSabhadeva hI mahezvara athavA brahmA (prajApati) haiM. isa prakAra vRSabhadeva dvArA brAhmI putrI ko sikhAI gaI brAhmIlipi kI akSaravidyA tathA mAhezvara sUtrabaddha varNamAlA donoM meM jahA~ svarUpataH aikya hai, vahA~ yaha aikya hI donoM ke pravartaka saMbaMdhI aikya ko iMgita karatA hai. vRSabha [ baila ] kA yoga vaidika paramparA meM ziva kA vAhana vRSabha (baila) batalAyA gayA hai. jainamAnyatAnusAra bhagavAn vRSabhadeva kA cihna baila hai. garbha meM avatarita hone ke samaya inakI mAtA marudevI ne svapna meM eka variSTha vRSabha ko apane mukha-kamala meM praveza karate hue dekhA thA, ataH inakA nAma vRSabha rakkhA gayA. sindhu ghATI meM prApta vRSabhAMkita mUrtiyukta mudrAe~ tathA vaidika 1. tiraya e-tisUladhAriya 'dhavalATIkA, 1, 45-46. 2. (a) Kurtshe, list of ancient monuments protected under Act VII of 1904 (Arch. Survey of India New imperial series vol 4) Trisula in Anant gumpha P. 273 and in Trisula Gumpha P. 280. (b) Smith Jain stupa and other Antiquities of Mathura Ayegapata tablets pls. IX,X and XI. 3. brahmA devAnAM prathama saMbabhUva vizvasya karttA bhuvanasya goptA / muNDakopaniSad : 1,1. 4. brahmaNa: AgatA (brahmA se AI huI ) isa artha meM vyAkaraNazAstra dvArA brahmI zabda kI niSpati hotI hai. 5. iti mAhezvarANi sUtrANyaNAdisaMjJArthAni - siddhAMtakaumudrI, pR0 saM0 2. 6. atharvavedaH 16, 42, 4, 11, 43 sUkta, yajurveda 40, 46 Rgveda 4, 58. myle & so only www.ainelbrary.org

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DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina : vRSabhadeva tathA ziva-saMbaMdhI prAcya mAnyatAeM : 626 yuktiyA~ bhI vRSabhAMkita vRSabhadeva ke astitva kI samarthaka haiM. isa prakAra vRSabha kA yoga bhI ziva tathA vRSabhadeva ke aikya ko saMpuSTa karatA hai, bhagavAn vRSabhadeva tathA ziva donoM kA jaTAjUTayukta' tathA kapaTI rUpacitraNa bhI inake aikya kA samarthaka hai. bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ke dIkSA lene ke pazcAt tathA AhAra lene ke pUrva eka varSa ke sAdhaka jIvana meM unake keza bahuta bar3ha gaye, phalataH unake isa tapasvI jIvana kI smRti meM hI jaTAjUTayukta mUrtiyoM kA nirmANa pracalita huA. subhaO 1. vattIsuvaesa muNIsarahaM kuDilA uMciyakesaM.-mahApurANu 37, 17 tathA yajurveda, 16,56. 2. saMskAravirahAt kezA 'jaTIbhUtAstadA vibho', nUnaM te'pi tamaHklezamanusonu tathA sthitAH / muneyUndhijaTA dUraM prasasuH pavanoddhatA', dhyAnAgnineva taptasya jIvasvarNasya kAlikA / -AdipurANaH 18, 75-76. Jain Education Interational