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________________ vizva zAnti ke sandarbha meM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA sandeza prajAtantra kI rakSA aura sthAyI zAnti kI sthApanA ke nAma para lar3e gae dvitIya vizvayuddha ke antima daura meM amarIkA dvArA nAgAzAkI aura hIrozimA para bamavarSA ke mAdhyama se yuddha vijaya kA mArga prazasta ho jAne 0 yU0 ena0 vAcchAvata ke bAda se vizva kI pramukha zaktiyoM meM aNu AyudhoM kI aisI hor3a macI, jisane Aja unheM pragati ke usa sopAna sampUrNa vizva Aja azAnti aura asurakSA ke gambhIra daura se gujara taka pahuMcA diyA hai, jahA~ se kucha kSaNa rahA hai / sampUrNa mAnava samAja yuddha kI vibhISikA se bhayagrasta hai| vikAsa meM hI sampUrNa mAnava sabhyatA ko samApta ke kAlacakra meM mAnava sabhyatA ko bhautika pragati ke kSetra meM ullekhanIya kiyA jA sakatA hai / pariNAmasvarUpa upalabdhiyA~ prApta kara jahA~ eka ora bhautika dRSTi se sazakta evaM vikAsa- vizva ke pramukha zaktizAlI deza do zIla banAyA hai vahA~ dUsarI ora mAnavIya pakSa kI dRSTi se vaha nitya khemoM meM veTa gae, aura kaI choTe aura prati nirbala hotI jA rahI hai| bhautika pragati kI daur3a meM aMdhI vartamAna azakta deza asurakSA ke bhaya se unake sabhyatA kA rukha mAnava kalyANa se haTakara zakti upArjana kI ora ho sAtha ho liye| jAne ke pariNAmasvarUpa mAnavIya AdhAroM para bhotika pragati kI sthApanA kI dizA se haTakara, mAnanIya samAja vyavasthA bhautika AdhAroM para vizvavijaya kI duSkalpanA kI nirbhara hotI gii| bhautika pragati ke nita nae kIrtimAnoM kI sthApanA aMdhI dIr3a meM ina vizva zaktiyoM ne aise kI hor3a meM mAnava sabhyatA jitanA adhika bhautikavAdI jaMjAla meM phaMsatI astra-zastra nirmANa kara liye haiM, jisase jitanA vipakSI ke astitva ko rahI, mAnavIya mUlya utane hI adhika naSTa hote rhe| bhaya hai, unake svayaM ke Astitva ko - yoM to itihAsa ke pRSTha sattA lipsA ke kAraNa honevAle yuddhoM, nara- bhI usase kama bhaya nahIM haiM / saMhAra aura raktapAta jaisI hiMsAtmaka ghaTanAoM se bhare par3e haiN| ghaNA, Aja yaha spaSTa hai ki yadi deSa aura sattAlipsA ke kAraNa samaya-samaya para tathAkathita yoddhAoM tIsarA vizvayuddha haA to usameM ina evaM rAjanetAoM dvArA rAjanItika evaM dhArmika kAraNoM se "zAnti ke saMhAraka AyudhoM kA prayoga nizcita hai, liye yuddha" kI duhAI dekara jana zakti ko yuddha kI vibhISikA meM jhoMka- jo sampUrNa mAnava sabhyatA ko naSTa kara kara mAnavIya malyoM kA galA ghoMTA jAtA rahA hai| isI zatAbdI meM degaa| pariNAmasvarUpa var3I zaktiyA~ pichale do vizvayuddha bhI isI AdhAra para lar3e gae, parantu ina sabake bhI vizvayUddha se bacane ko tatpara to bAvajada bhI mAnava sabhyatA ke astitva ko itanA bar3A khatarA kabhI nahIM rahIM, para unake madhya vyApta pa ra rahA jitanA Aja hai| svArtha poSaNa, sattA lipsA tathA 54
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________________ vaicArika saMgharSa ne "zIta yuddha" ko janma diyaa| jisa mAnavIya svarUpa meM isakA saMcAlana huA hai usane yaha spaSTa kara diyA hai ki zItayuddhoM aura gRhayuddhoM kA vistAra Aja kisI bhI samaya aise vizvayuddha kA rUpa le sakatA hai jo sampUrNa mAnava sabhyatA ko naSTa kara de| azAnti aura surakSA ke isa khataranAka daura ke mUla meM jhA~kane aura usake nidAna para vicAra karane para barabasa hI hamArI dRSTi una sArI bAtoM para hI jAkara ThaharatI hai jo tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne Aja se paccIsa zatAbdiyoM pUrva kahI thIM / tIrtha kara mahAvIra kA yuga bhI hiMsA, ghRNA, dveSa, viSamatA aura vaimanasya ke viSAkta vAtAvaraNa se grasta thaa| varddhamAna mahAvIra isI vAtAvaraNa se preraNA grahaNa kara, rAjapATa chor3a, mAnava samAja ko azAntipUrNa vAtAvaraNa se mukta karAne kA mArga khojane ko sakalpabaddha ho, sthAyI zAMti kI khoja meM nikala pdd'e| anekoM vargoM kI kaThora sAdhanA aura cintana ke pazcAt kevalajJAna kI sthiti ko prApta kara mahAvIra ne prANImAtra ke kalyANArtha jo sandeza diyA, usakA mUlAdhAra unakA satya, ahimA prema, karuNA, sahaastitva, aparigraha, anekAntabAda aura syAdvAda kA zAzvata sandeza hai / tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne kahA ki "sabhI prANiyoM ko apanA jIvana pyArA hai, sukha sabako acchA lagatA haiM, du:kha buraa| sabhI jovoM ke prati maMtrI bhAva rakhanA cAhie / saMsAra meM jitane duHkha haiM, ve saba hiMsA se utpanna haiM, ataH kisI kI hiMsA mata karo, kisI ko trAsa mata pahu~cAo" unhoMne na kevala manuSya para varana prANImAtra para dayA kA upadeza de, hiMsA ko hI sabhI duHkhoM kA kAraka tatva btaayaa| isa kAraNa unhoMne jIvana meM ahiMsA vrata kA pUrNa pAlana karane ko prerita kara kahA, "jo svayaM ke lie tumheM nahIM rucatA hai, usakA vyavahAra dUsaroM ke lie mata kro| kisI bhI prANI kA ghAta mata karo jisa prakAra tumheM sukha-duHkha kA anubhava hotA hai usI prakAra dUsare prANI bhI sukha-dukha kA anubhava karate haiN|" isa prakAra mahAvIra ne prANImAtra para davA karane aura unase samAna vyavahAra kA vicAra dekara uccatama ahiMsaka pratimAnoM kI sthApanA kii| 55 ahiMsA vrata ke pAlana meM unhoMne prANImAtra para dayA karane aura vaicArika evaM vyAvahArika donoM hI svarUpoM meM pratyeka jIva ke prati dayAmaya rahate hue unase samAna vyavahAra karane para bala diyaa| unhoMne ahiMsA kI sakArAtmaka vyAkhyA kI aura kahA ki "sabhI prANI samAna hai, sabhI jIvoM kI AtmA eka-sI hai, koI kisI se U~cA yA nIcA nahIM hai / isa kAraNa sabhI jIvoM ko dUsare prANiyoM se vaisA vyavahAra karanA cAhie, jaisA ki vaha dUsaroM me apekSA karatA hai|" isa prakAra mahAvIra ne samAja kI ikAI manuSya ke vyaktigata jIvana meM ahiMsaka rahane, sadAcaraNa kA pAlana kara rAjanaritra banane para bala diyA / Aja vizva zAnti ko khatarA hone kA mUla kAraNa yahI hai ki usameM rASTra yA varga ke astitva para to atyadhika mahatva diyA jA rahA hai, usakI pragati kI bAta kI jAtI hai, parantu usake samakSa vyakti ko, arthAt mAnavIya jIvana aura caritra ko gauNa banA diyA gayA hai / mahAvIra ne pratyeka ikAI ke sudhAra para bala diyA aura sabhI ke prathak prathak astitva ko svIkArA mahAvIra ne na kevala prANImAtra kI rakSA para baran pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura vanaspati ke jIvoM kI rakSA para bhI bala diyaa| unhoMne kisI prANI kI hatyA ko hI hiMsA nahIM kahA, varan mana meM yA vaicArika dRSTi se kiye gaye hiMsaka kAryoM ke samarthana ko bhI hiMsA kahA / Aja jaba kahIM zAnti kI bAta kI jAtI hai, vahA~ kevala yuddha ko TAlane athavA mAnavIya hiMsA se virata rahane ko hI ahiMsA mAnakara vicAra hotA hai, jabaki mana kI hiMsA yA vaicArika hiMsA para na to vicAra hI hotA hai, na hI koI use chor3ane ko taiyAra hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki sthAyI vizva zAnti kI sthA panA kI dizA meM kie gaye prayAsa viphala ho jAte haiM /
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________________ Aja meM rAjanItijJa yuddha ko sthAyI zAnti sthApanA ke donoM ke sAdhya samAna haiM, kevala sAdhanoM kA hI antara lie prayAsa nirusUti karane lage haiM, aura yuddha virAma hai, kyoMki mahAvIra kA aparigrahavAda ahiMsAmUlaka ko zAnti sthApanA / unakI najara meM yuddha vijaya se samAjavAda kA janaka hai, ahiMsA usakI AtmA hai, bar3I vIratA aura yuddha virAma se bar3I zAnti nahIM hai| jisase use alaga nahIM kiyA sakatA / isa prakAra yahI sabase bar3A bhrama hai / yahI sabase bar3A chala hai, jo mahAvIra kA aparigrahavAda ahiMsAmUlaka samAjavAda rAjanItijJa aura kUTanItijJa mAnavatA ke sAtha khela rahe kI sthApanA para bala detA hai, jo ki vicAradhArAoM arthazAstroM ke bala para yuddha kSetra meM nirbala para vijaya ke nAma para vizvazAnti ko utpanna khatare se mukti kA prApta kara lene meM kauna-sI bahAdurI hai, bahAdurI to sarvottama hala hai / / hiMsaka ke sammukha bhI nizcala, niSkAma bhAva se niDara mahAvIra ne apane sAre darnana meM vibhinna satroM kI hokara sthira rahane aura burAI tathA hiMsA kA Atmabala zrakhalA meM jo sarvAdhika mahatvapUrNa aura nitAnta ke dvArA mukAbalA karane meM hai / isa prakAra ahiMsA maulika satra diyA vaha hai unakA anekAnta darzana jo vIroM kA astra hai, Aja mAnava jAti ko isake pAlane vibhinna vicAradhArAoM ke samanvaya para bala detA hai| kI nitAnta AvazyakatA hai / hiMsA se nirmika zAnti, isa darzana ne vaicArika vyApakatA ke dvAra khola die. maraghaTa kI hI zAnti ho sakatI hai, kintu sthAyI zAnti isa dRSTi se yaha sarvAdhika pragatizIla vicAra hai jisameM kevala ahiMsA ke dvArA hI saMbhava hai / bastu ko ekAMgI svarUpa se na dekhakara vibhinna dRSTiyoM ahiMsA ke atirikta jina anya bAtoM para mahAvIra ke samanvaya karane ko kahA gayA hai| anekAnta darzana ne sarvAdhika bala diyA vaha hai samatAvAda aura apari- haThavAditA, ekAMgI dRSTikoNa evaM durAgraha rUpI doSoM grahavAda / unhoMne kahA ki sabhI jIva samAna haiM, unameM ko samApta kara vyApaka dRSTikoNa apanAne para bala AtmA kA samAna astitva hai, ataH sabhI ke astitva detA hai / Aja ina doSoM ke kAraNa bhI vizvazAnti ko ko svIkArA jAnA caahie| mahAvIra kA samatAvAda, pramukha khatarA hai| rASToM ke madhya paraspara vizvAsa kA Aja bhI vizva ke kaI kSetroM meM vyApta raMgabheda, vargabheda abhAva hai, unakI tItiyoM ke kriyAnvayana aura rAjajAti evaM varNabheda kA sarvottama hala hai / ye bheda Aja nItika vicAroM evaM praNAlI meM ekAMgI dRSTikoNa bhI vizvazAnti ke mArga meM bAdhA aura mAnavatA ke nihita hone se bhI sthAyI vizvazAnti sthApita nahIM mAthe para kalaMka ke rUpa meM bAdhaka Arthika ho pA rahI hai| kucha zAntipriya dezoM tathA rAjanItiyoM vaivamva evaM zoSaNa prakRti se mukti ke liye mahAvIra ne dvArA pradatta guTa nirapekSatA ke vicAra ke mala meM aparigrahavAda kA sandeza diyaa| unhoMne vastu yA dhana hameM anekAnta darzana hI saralakSita hotA hai / se lagAva yA mamatva ko aparigraha kaha isase vimukta isa prakAra vizvazAnti kI sthApanA pariprekSya rahane para bala diyA aura kahA ki AvazyakatA se meM jaba bhI hama tIrthakara mahAvIra ke darzana para vicAra saMgraha mata karo, sAtha hI apanI AvazkatAoM ko bhI karate haiM to Aja bhI vaha utanA hI nUtana, maulika, nAkAni evaM zAzvata pratIta hotA hai / unake hazcAta paccIsa zatAbdiyAM bIta jAne para bhI ahiMsA, samatA, aparikI unnAyaka mArksavAda aura samAjavAdI vicAra graha aura anekAnta ke siddhAMta sthAyI vizva zAti kI dhArAoM ke pariprekSya meM yadi hama mahAvIra ke aparigraha sthApanA hetu utane hI zAzvata aura kAragala haiM jitane vAda para dRSTipAta kareM to nizcita rUpa se vaha inase be unake kAla meM the Aja bhI unameM sthA bhI kahIM adhika pragatizIla siddhAMta pratIta hotA hai, kI sthApanA kA mArga nihita hai|