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________________ '204 dharma aura samAja yA rukAvaTa khar3I hotI hai aura azakya rUr3ha AcAroMmeM rasavRtti utpanna honeke bajAya hamezAke lie unase aruci ho jAtI hai| merI dRSTi se pratyeka saMsthAmai upasthita honevAle dhArmika zikSAke praznakA hala yaha ho sakatA hai (1) pratyeka kriyAkANDI athavA rUr3ha zikSA aicchika ho, anivArya nahIM / (2) jIvana ke saurabhake samAna sadAcaraNakI zikSA zabdoMse dene meM hI santoSa nahIM mAnanA cAhie aura aisI zikSAkI suvidhA na ho, to usa viSayameM mainA rahakara hI santoSa karanA cAhie / (3) aitihAsika tulanAtmaka dRSTise dharmatattvake mUlabhUta siddhAntoMkI zikSAkA vidyArthiyoMkI yogyatAke anusAra zreSThatama prabaMdha honA caahie| jisa viSayameM kisIkA matabheda na ho, jisakA prabaMdha saMsthA kara sakatI ho aura jo 'bhinna bhinna sampradAyoMkI mAnyatAoMko milAnemeM sahAyaka tathA upayogI ho aura sAtha hI sAtha mithyA bhramoMkA nAza karanevAlI ho vahI zikSA saMsthAoM ke lie upayogI ho sakatI hai| anu0-mohanalAla mehatA vidyAkI cAra bhUmikAe~ * bhAiyo aura bahano, Apa logoM ke sammukha bolate samaya yadi maiM pratyeka vyaktikA ceharA dekha sakatA yA zabda sunakara bhI sabako pahacAna sakatA to mujhe bar3A sumItA hotaa| mupaddhatise athavA vaijJAnika DhaMgase kAma karane kI jaisI zikSA Apako milI hai. vaisI mujhe nahIM milI, isalie mujhe binA zikSAke idhara-udhara bhaTakate hue jo mArga dikhAI de gayA, usIke viSaya meM kucha kahanA hai| jisa vyakti ne anya mArga dekhA hI na ho aura jo pagaDaMDI mila gaI usIse jaMgala pAra kiyA ho vaha kevala apanI pagaDaMDIkA hI varNana kara sakatA hai| isakA artha yaha kadApi nahIM ki dUsarI pagaDaNDiyA~ haiM hI nahIM, athavA haiM to usase ghaTiyA yA hIna haiM / dUsarI pagaDaMDiyA~ usase bhI zreSTha ho sakatI haiM / phira __ * gujarAtavidyAsabhAkI anusnAtaka vidyArthI-sabhAke adhyApakoM aura chAtroM ke samakSa 1947 ke pahale satrameM diyA huA maMgala pravacana |--'buddhiprkaash' se
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________________ vidyAkI cAra bhUmikAe~ bhI merI pagaDaMDIse mujhe to Ananda aura sthiratA mila rahI hai / mujhe vidyArthI jIvana cAra vibhAgoM athavA bhUmikAoM meM vibhAjita dikhAI detA hai 1: prAthamika mAdhyamika takakA prathama vibhAga, mAdhyamika se ucca zikSaNa takakA - bI. e. athavA snAtaka hone takakA - dvitIya, anusnAtakakA tRtIya aura usake bAdakA caturtha / 205 hamArI prAraMbhika zikSA zabda pradhAna aura smRti-pradhAna hotI hai| isameM sIkhanevAle aura sikhAnevAle donoM kI samajhane aura samajhAnekI pravRtti bhASA ke sAdhanadvArA hotI hai| isameM sIdhA vastu grahaNa nahIM hotA / kevala bhASAdvArA jo saMskAra par3ate haiM ve smRti meM pakar3a rakhe jAte haiM / yahA~ maiM jise bhASA kahatA hU~ usameM likhanA, bolanA, par3hanA aura uccAraNa karanA saba kucha A jAtA hai / isa pravRti se samajha aura tarkazakti vizeSa uttejita hotI hai, kintu vaha adhika aMza Ayupara nirbhara hai / usake bAdakI dUsarI bhUmikA saMjJAna arthAt samajha pradhAna hai / vidyArthI jaba kAleja meM praviSTa hotA hai usa samaya bhI bhASA aura zabdakA mahattva to rahatA hai, kintu isa bhUmikAmeM use viSayako pakar3akara calanA par3atA hai / isI se pAThyakrama meM bahuta-sI pustakeM honepara bhI ve sabhI pUrI ho jAtI hai / yadi use vahA~ bhI kevala smRtikA AdhAra lekara calanA par3e to aisA nahIM ho sakatA / isalie vahA~ zabda nahIM, arthakA mahattva hotA hai / isa artha grahaNakI paddhati meM antara do sakatA hai kintu mukhya vastusthiti isI prakArakI hotI hai / usake bAda kI bhUmikAmeM samajhake sivAya eka nayA tava AtA hai / isake pahale kI bhUmikAoM meM zikSA, carcA, AlocanA ityAdi saba dUsaroM kI ora se AtA thA aura samajha liyA jAtA thA, kintu aba tRtIya bhUmikA meM tAratamya, parIkSaNa-vRtti, kisI bhI matako apanI buddhipara kasakara dekhanekI parIkSaka-vRttiH aura bhI zAmila ho jAtI hai / isa samaya vidyArthI aisA kara sakane kI umra meM pahu~ca gayA hotA hai | ataH pahale jisa pustaka athavA adhyApakako vaha pramANabhUta mAnatA thA usakA bhI virodha karane ko taiyAra ho jAtA hai / isake bAda kI bhUmikA pI0 eca0 DI0 hone ke lie kI jAnevAlI pravRtti hai / zabdapradhAna, samajhapradhAna, vivekapradhAna aura parIkSAprAna vidyAdhyayanakA upayoga isa bhUmikA meM hotA hai / isameM jo viSaya
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________________ 206 dharma aura samAja cunA jAtA hai usapara usa samayataka jitanA kAma ho cukA hotA hai, usa sabako samajhakara aura upalabdha jJAnako prAsa karake kucha naI khoja karanA, naI racanA karanA, kucha naI vRddhi karanA par3atA hai, pUrvokta zabda, smRti, saMjJAna aura parIkSAkI triveNIke AdhArapara / isameM kiye hue kAmakA parimANa dekhanekI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI, arthAt pannoMkI saMkhyA nahIM dekhI jAtI, kintu usakI maulikatA, usakA AdhikAra dekha jAtA hai| usakI naI khoja kabhI kabhI ekAdha vAkyase bhI prakaTa ho jAtI hai / abhiprAya yaha ki yaha khoja ora sarjana zaktikI bhUmikA hai| yahA~ ekatra honevAle tIsarI aura cauthI bhUmikAbAle haiN| isa samaya meM 'DigrI . cAhanevAloM yA parIkSA pAsa kara cukanevAloMkA vicAra nahIM karatA / vidyArthiyoM aura adhyApakoMkA bhI maiM eka hI sAtha vicAra karatA hU~ / phira bhI adhyApakoMke viSayameM thor3A-sA kahanA hai| yoM to saccA adhyApaka hamezA vidyArthI-mAnasa ke sAtha tAla milAtA huA hI calatA hai / kintu jisa samaya vaha vidyArthIko saMzodhana-pravRttimeM sahAyaka hotA hai usa samaya judA hI rUpa letA hai| isa kakSAmeM adhyApakako aisI hI bAteM batAnI hotI haiM jinase vidyArthIkI saMzodhaka-vRtti jAgrata ho / arthAt adhyApaka pratyakSa zikSAse hI nahIM apitu carcA, vArtAlApa, sUcanA ityAdike dvArA bhI vidyArthIke manameM kucha naI cIja paidA karatA hai| jisa prakAra vidyArthIjIvanakI cAra bhUmikAe~ haiM usI prakAra adhyApakake jIvanakI bhI cAra bhUmi. kAe~ ginanI caahie| vidyArthI aura adhyApakakA saMbaMdha bhI samajha lene yogya hai / vidyAdhyayana donoMkA sAmAnya dharma hai| vAstavameM adhyApaka aura vidyArthI donoM eka hI vargake haiN| kevala adhyApakake padapara niyukta ho jAnese koI adhyApaka nahIM hotA, vidyArthIkI buddhi aura jijJAsAko uttejita karanevAlA hI saccA adhyApaka hai / isake atirikta vidyArthI aura adhyApakake bIca koI jyAdA tAratamya nahIM hai / phira bhI adhyApakake binA vidyArthIkA kAma nahIM cala sakatA, jisa taraha rassIke binA nAcanevAle naTakA / aura yadi vidyArthI na hoM, to adhyApaka athavA adhyApanakI koI saMbhAvanA hI nahIM ho sktii| vastutaH vidyArthIke sAnnidhyase hI adhyApakakI AtmA vikasita hotI hai, vyakta hotI hai / jJAna
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________________ vidyAkI cAra bhUmikAe~ 207 bhI tabhI spaSTa hotA hai| vidyArthI usake pAsa AtA hai kucha prApta karanekI zraddhAse / kintu zraddhA tabhI sArthaka hotI hai, jaba adhyApaka apanA uttaradAyitva samajhatA ho / isa prakAra ucca zikSAkI saMsthAmeM adhikase adhika uttaradAyitva adhyApakakA hotA hai| parantu kevala adhyApakake uttaradAyitvase hI vidyArthIkA uddhAra nahIM ho sakatA / jo adhyApakakI zaraNameM AtA hai use svayaM bhI jijJAsu, parizramI aura vidyA-parAyaNa honA cAhie / svayaM adhyApakakA bhI eka dhyeya hotA hai| use bhI navIna saMzodhana karanA hotA hai| vidyArthiyoMko mAga batAte samaya, sUcanA dete samaya aura unase kArya lete samaya usakI khudakI sUjhakA bhI vikAsa hotA hai aura usake netRtvako gati milatI hai / isalie yaha svAbhAvika hai ki acchA saMzodhaka hamezA apane AsapAsa vidyArthiyoMkA maMDala rakhanA cAhatA hai / itanA hI nahIM, usake sAtha kuTumba jaisA vyavahAra rakhatA hai| kalakattama aura zAntiniketanameM maiMne aise abhyApaka dekhe haiN| aise adhyApakoMse vidyArthI to zaMkA yA prazna karake nizcinta hokara ghara jAkara so sakate haiM kintu adhyApakakI to aksara nIMda hI ur3a jAtI hai / use aisA pratIta hotA hai ki vidyArthIkI zaMkAkA samAdhAna karaneke lie usane jo uttara diyA hai vaha adhUrA hai / pUrNa saMtoSajanaka uttara denepara hI use caina milatI hai / jaba vidyArthIko yaha mAlUma hotA hai taba adhyApakake jIvanakA raMga usapara bhI car3ha jAtA hai| vidyopArjanakI kriyA vRkSa jaisI hotI hai| satata rasa khIMcate rahanese hI vaha bar3hatA hai aura zAkhA zAkhA patra patrameM rasa pahu~cA karatA hai| loga pUchate haiM ki kyA ahamadAbAdameM saMzodhana ho sakatA hai ? prazna ThIka hai kyoMki ahamadAbAdakA dhana kucha judA hI hai| phira bhI isa dhanakI vizeSa icchA rakhanevAle bhI vidyA-dhanakI icchA rakhate haiN| ahamadAbAda isa viSayameM apavAda nahIM ho sktaa| hama jisakA upArjana karate haiM vaha bhI eka dhana hai / usa dhanako prAsakara jhopar3I meM rahakara bhI sukhI rahA jA sakatA hai| jo vyakti niralasa utsAhI hai, jise apanI buddhi aura cAritrake vikAsameM hI dhanyatA dikhAI detI hai usake lie vidyopArjana dhanya vyavasAya hai| hama saba icchAse athavA anicchAse isa vyavasAyameM Dhakele gaye haiM, phira bhI isakA upayoga
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________________ 208 dharma aura samAna uttara detA hU~ ki mujhe marate samaya vila ( vasIyata) karanekI jarUrata na pdd'egii| aura dhanika loga bhale hI abhimAna kareM kintu vidyAdhanavAloM-vidvAnoMko-DhU~r3he binA unakA bhI kAma nahIM cala sakatA / khudake lie nahIM to apanI santAna ke lie to unheM vidvAnoMkI AvazyakatA hotI hI hai / yaha maiM lakSmI aura sarasvatIke virodhakI bAta nahIM kaha rahA huuN| vidyArthIke sAdhanA-kAlameM lakSmIkI lAlasA vighnarUpa hai| vidyAkI sAdhanAmeM yadi koI vighna hai to vaha dhana hai| nirdhana sthAna aura garIba kuTumbameM rahate hue dhanakI mahattvAkAMkSA jAgrata nahIM hotii| dhanikoM ke saMsargase hI vaha jAgatI hai| isa lie caturtha bhUmikAmeM vyakta honevAlI apanI maulika sAdhanomeM hameM isase sAvadhAna rahanA caahie| eka vighna aura bhI hai| kaI bAra pichalI bhUmikAoMkI truTiyA~ bhI AgekI bhUmikAoM meM dikhAI detI haiN| unheM bhI dUra karanA cAhie / maiMne apane samayakA sadupayoga karanevAle vidyArthI bahuta kama dekhe haiN| unakA puruSArtha parIkSA-kAla taka hI sImita rahatA hai| isase unakA Arogya bhI naSTa hotA hai| yaha bhUla dUsarI bhUmikAmeM bArabAra dekhI jAtI hai| parantu tRtIya aura caturtha bhUmikAmeM yaha bhUla kadApi nahIM honI caahie| aura yadi hotI ho, to use apane prayatnase aura vivekase dUra karanA cAhie / pahalI do bhUmikAoMkI bhUloMke lie hama zikSakoM, zikSA-paddhati, samAja Adi kisIko bhI uttaradAyI samajhe kintu tRtIya bhUmikAmeM to vidyArthIko svayaM hI uttaradAyI bananA par3egA / aura caturtha bhUmikAmeM to yaha bhUla nibha hI nahIM sakatI / ise dUra karanA hI par3atA hai| isa bhUmikAmeM Apa aura maiM sabhI haiM / yaha maMgala avasara hai, maMgala jIvana hai| naye gharameM vAsa, vivAha, paradeza-prayANa AdimeM koI khAsa samaya maMgalamaya mAnA jAtA hai, parantu vidyArthI-jIvanakA to pratyeka kSaNa mAMgalika hai:-usakI carcA, vAcana, zodhana, sUjhameM mAMgalya umar3atA hai / pahalI tIna bhUmikAoM ke to varSa bhI niyata haiM kintu caturtha bhUmikAmeM isakA bhI baMdhana nahIM / yaha to sadA maMgala hai / anu0-~-mohanalAla mehatA