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________________ vIranirvANa parva : dIpAvalI bhAratIya saMskRti adhyAtmapradhAna hone ke kAraNa yahA~ pratyeka parvakI apanI-apanI kucha vizeSatA hai aura una parvokA sambandha kisI-na-kisI mahApuruSase hai, jo vizvako kucha detA hai / tAtparya yaha ki bhAratIya parva prAyaH mahApuruSoMse sambandhita haiM aura ve unakI smRtimeM sthApita hue haiN| yahA~ parvose hamArA abhiprAya vizeSatayA naitika evaM dhArmika parvose hai| yoM to rauDhika aura sAmAjika parvokI bhAratavarSameM aura pratyeka jAtimeM kamI nahIM hai| inameM kitane hI paramparAgata hai aura jinheM janasamudAya Aja bhI apanAye hue hai / para unameM kitanA tathyAMza hai, yaha kaha sakanA kaThina hai / eka parIkSaka buddhi avazya unakI sacAI yA asacAIko AMka sakatI hai / yaha avazya hai ki ina parvose logoMko manovinoda aura indriyapoSaNakI sAmagrI sahajarUpameM mila jAtI hai| kintu unase na viveka jAgRta hotA hai aura na AdhyAtmikatA jagatI hai, jo jIvanako unnata aura vAstavika sukhI banAne ke lie Avazyaka haiM / para jina parvoke bAremeM hama yahA~ carcA kara rahe haiM ve haiM dhArmika aura naitika parva / ina parvose avazya hamArA viveka jAgRta hotA hai, cetanA jAgatI hai aura hama galata mArgase sahI mArgapara A jAte haiM / ina parvose adhyAtmapremiyoMko nIti, dharma aura adhyAtmakI zikSA milatI hai| kintu yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki kitane loga isa sAMce meM Dhalate haiM aura nizchala bhAvase apaneko AdhyAtmika banAte haiM / prAyaH dekhA jAtA hai Amika evaM naitika parvoke avasara para, jaba unase parI dhArmikatA sIkhanI cAhie. mano-vinoda aura apratyakSataH indriyapoSaNake Ayojana kiye jAte haiN| lagatA hai ki hamArI manodazA uttarottara aisI hotI jA rahI ki bhogoMkA tyAga bhI na karanA par3e aura dharma evaM nItikA pAlana bhI ho jaaye| isa prasaMgameM pAhaDadohAkArakA nimra vacana yAda A jAtA hai vepaMthehiM Na gammaI vemuhasUI Na sijjae kNthaa| viNNi Na hu~ti ayANA iMdiyasokkhaM ca mokkhaM ca // -pA0 do0 213 / 'do rAstoMse jAnA nahIM hotA, do mukhoMse suI katharI nahIM siiNtii| he ajAna ! isI taraha ye do kArya nahIM ho sakate ki indriyasukha bhI prApta ho aura mokSa bhI mila jAya / inameMse prathama mArgapara calanese saMsAra hogA aura dUsare mArga ( bhogatyAga ) se mokSa prApta hogaa|' hindIke eka vidvAn kavine bhI yahI kahA hai do-mukha suI na sIve kaMthA, do-mukha paMthI cale na pNthaa| yoM do kAja na hoMya sayAne, viSaya-bhoga aru mokSa payAne / dhArmika evaM naitika parvokA sambandha jina mahApuruSoMse hai, vAstavameM unake sandezoM, upadezoM aura jIvana-caritoMko apane jIvana meM lAnA cAhie, tabhI vyakti apanI unnati, apane kalyANa aura vAstavika mokSa-sukhako prApta kara sakatA hai / -470
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________________ prakRta meM hameM 'vIra - nirvANa' parvapara prakAza DAlanA hai / antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIrane kArtika kRSNA caturdazIkI rAtri aura amAvasyAke pratyUSakAla ( brAhmamuhUrta - prAtaH ) meM svAtinakSatra meM pAvAnagarIse nirvANa prApta kiyA thA / ata eva isa mahAn evaM pAvana divasako jaina paramparAmeM 'vIra nirvANa' parva ke rUpameM manAyA jAtA hai / AcArya yativRSabha ( I0 san0 5 vIM zatI) ne apanI 'tiloyapaNNattI' ( 4-1208 ) meM spaSTa likhA hai - isa gAthA meM kahA gayA hai ki bhagavAn vIranAtha kArtikavadI 14 ke pratyUSakAlameM svAtinAmaka nakSatra meM pAvApurIse akele siddha ( mukta ) hue / isake sivAya AcArya vIrasena ( I0 839 ) ne apanI 'SaTkhaNDAgama' kI vizAla TIkA 'dhavalA' meM 'vIra- nirvANa' kA pratipAdana karane vAlI eka prAcIna gAthA uddhRta kI hai / usameM bhI yahI kahA gayA hai / vaha gAthA nimna prakAra hai katti kinhe codasi-paccUse sAdiNAmaNakkhatte / pAvAe NayarIe ekko vIresaro siddho // 'pazcAt vIranAtha pAvAnagara meM pahu~ce aura vahAMse kArtikavadI caudasakI rAtri meM svAti nakSatra meM zeSa raja ( aghAtiyA karmoM ) ko bhI nAza karake nirvANako prApta hue / ' 1 yahA~ eka asaMgati aura virodha dikhAI de sakatA hai ki uparyukta 'tiloyapaNNattI' ke ullekha meM caturdazIkA pratyUSakAla' batalAyA gayA hai aura yahA~ ( dhavalAmeM uddhRta gAthA meM' ) 'caturdazIkI rAta' batalAyI gayI hai ? isakA samAdhAna svayaM AcArya vIrasenane TIkA meM 'rattIe' padake vizeSaNa ke rUpameM 'pacchimabhAe' - 'pichale pahara meM' padakA prayoga adhyAhRta karake kara diyA hai aura taba koI asaMgati yA virodha nahIM rahatA / isase spaSTa hotA hai ki caturdazIkI rAta ke pichale pahara meM arthAt amAvasyA ke pratyUSakAla ( prAtaH ) meM bha0 vIranAthakA nirvANa huA / 'tiloyapaNNattI' kI ukta gAthAmeM bhI yahI abhipreta hai / ataH Ama taurapara nirvANakI tithi kArtikavadI amAvasyA mAnI jAtI hai, kyoMki dhavalAkAra ke ullekhAnusAra isI dina nirvANakA samasta kArya - nirvANapUjA Adi sakala devendroM dvArA kiyA gayA thA | dhavalAkArakA vaha ullekha isa prakAra hai prakAra hai pacchA pAvANayare kattiyamAse ya kiNha coddasie / sAdIe rattIe sesarayaM hattu NivvAo || 'amAvasIe pariNivvANapUjA sayaladeveMdehi kayAtti / ' uttarapurANa meM AcArya guNabhadra ne bhI 'kArtika kRSNapakSasya caturdazyAM nizAtyaye / ' isa padyavAkyake dvArA kArtikavadI caturdazIkI rAta ke anta meM bha0 mahAvIrakA nirvANa batalAyA hai / harivaMzapurANakAra jinasena ke harivaMzapurANagata ullekhase bhI yahI prakaTa hai / unakA vaha ullekha isa - jinendravIro'pi vibodhya santataM samantato bhavyasamUhasantatim / prapadya pAvAnagarI garIyasIM manohArodyAnavane tadIyake // caturthakAle'rdhacaturthamAsa kaivihInatAbhizcaturabdazeSake sakArtike svAtiSu kRSNa bhUtasuprabhAtasandhyAsamaye svabhAvataH // 1 - 471 -
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________________ aghAtikarmANi niruddhayogako vidhUya ghAtighanavadvibandhanaH / vibandhanasthAnamavApa zaGkaro nirantarAyorusukhAnubandhanam / / -harivaM0 66 / 15, 16, 17 / 'vIra jinendra samasta bhavyasamudAyako satata saMbodhita karake antameM pAvAnagarI pahu~ce aura usake sundara udyAnavanameM kArtikavadI caudasakI rAta aura amAvasyAke suprabhAta samayameM, jaba ki cauthe kAlake sAr3he tIna mAsa kama cAra varSa avazeSa the, svAtinakSatrameM yoga nirodha kara aghAtiyAkarmoko ghAtiyAkarmokI taraha naSTa kara bandhanarahita hokara bandhanahIna ( svataMtra ) aura nirantarAya mahAn sukhake sthAna mokSako prApta hue| ___ AcArya pUjyapAda-devanandi ( I0 5 vIM zatI ) kA 'nirvANabhakti' gata nimna ullekha bhI yahI batalAtA hai pAvAnagarodyAne vyutsargeNa sthitaH sa muniH| kArtikakRSNasyAnte svAtAvRkSe nihatya karmarajaH // isa prakAra ina zAstrIya pramANoMse spaSTa hai ki bha0 mahAvIrakA kArtika vadI caudasakI rAta aura amAvasyAke subaha, jaba kucha andherA thA, nirvANa huA thA aura usI samaya unakA nirvANotsava manAyA gayA thaa| isa taraha 'vIra-nirvANa' parva pracalita huA aura jo Aja bhI sarvatra manAyA jAtA hai| bha0 mahAvIrake nirvANake samayakA patA janasamudAyako pUrvadinase hI vidita ho cukA thA aura isalie ve saba vahA~ pahalese hI upasthita the / inameM aThAraha gaNarAjyoMke adhyakSa, viziSTajana, devendroM, sAdhAraNa devoM aura manuSyoMke samUha maujUda the| samasta (11) gaNadhara, munigaNa, AryikAeM, zrAvaka aura zrAvikAe~ Adi bhI vidyamAna the| jo nahIM the, ve bhI bhagavAna ke nirvANakA samAcAra sunate hI paha~ca gaye the| bijalIkI bhA~ti yaha khabara sarvatra phaila gayI thii| bhagavAna buddha ke pramukha ziSyane unheM bhI yaha avagata karAyA thA ki pAvAmeM abhI-abhI NiggaMthanAtaputta (mahAvIra) kA nirvANa huA / pradIpoMkA prajvalana _ usa samaya pratyUSakAla honese kucha aMdherA thA aura isalie prakAza karane ke lie ratnoM aura ghRtAdike hajAroM pradIpa prajvalita kiye gye| AcArya jinasenake harivaMzapurANameM spaSTa ullekha hai ki usa samaya aisA prakAza kiyA gayA, jisase pAvAnagarI cAroM orase Alokita ho gyii| yahA~ taka ki AkAzatala bhI prakAzamaya-hI-prakAzamaya dikhAI par3a rahA thaa| yathA jvalatpadIpAvalikayA pravRddhayA surAsuraiH dIpitayA prdiiptyaa| tadA sma pAvAnagarI samantataH pradIpitAkAzatalA prakAzate / tathaiva ca zreNikapUrvabhUbhRtaH prakRtya kalyANamadaM shprjaaH| prajajmurindrAzca surairyathA pathaM prayAcamAnA jinabodhimarthinaH / / -harivaM0 66 / 19,20 / vIra-nirvANa aura dIpAvalI harivaMzapurANakAra (9vIM zatI) ne yaha bhI spaSTa ullekha kiyA hai ki isake pazcAta bhagavAna mahAvIrake nirvANa-lakSmIko prApta karanese isa pAvana nirvANa-divasako smRtike rUpameM sadA manAne ke lie bhakta janatAne 'vIpAvalI' ke nAmase eka pavitra sArvajanika parva hI saMsthApita evaM suniyata kara diyA-arthAta -472
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________________ janasamUha prativarSa bar3e Adarake sAtha isa nirvANa-parvako prasiddha 'dIpAvalI ke nAmase isa bhAratavarSa meM manAne lagA / unakA vaha ullekha isa prakAra hai tatastu lokaH prativarSamAdarAtprasiddhadIpAvalikayA'tra bhArate / samudyataH pUjayituM jinezvaraM jinendranirvANavibhUtibhaktibhAk // vahI, 66 / 21 / 'isake bAda to samasta bhAratavarSa meM loga prativarSa baDe Adarake sAtha vIra jinendra ke nirvANotsavako apanI ananyabhakti evaM zraddhAko 'dIpAvalI ke rUpameM prakaTa karane lage aura tabhIse yaha 'dIpAvalI' parva pracalita isa taraha bhAratavarSa meM dIpAvalI parvako mAnyatA bhagavAna mahAvIrake nirvANa-parvase sambandha rakhatI hai aura yaha eka sAMskRtika evaM rASTrIya parva spaSTa avagata hotA hai / mere anusandhAnase isase pUrvakA itanA aura aisA ullekha abataka nahIM milaa| yataH bhagavAnakA nirvANa kArtika vadI 14ko rAta aura amAvasyAke prAtaH huA thA, ataH usake AsapAsake kucha dinoMko bhI isa parva meM aura zAmila kara liyA gayA, tAki parvako vizeSa samAroha aura Ayojanake sAtha manAyA jA ske| isIse dIpAvalI parva kAtika vadI terasase Arambha hokara kArtika zuklA dUja taka manAyA jAtA hai| ina dinoM gharoMkI dIvAroM aura dvAroMpara jo citra banAye jAte haiM ve bha0 mahAvIrake sabhAsthala-samozaraNa (samavasaraNa) kI pratikRti haiM, aisA jJAta hotA hai / gaNezasaMsthApana aura lakSmIpUjana bha0 mahAvIrake pradhAna gaNadhara gautama indrabhUtiko, jinheM jainavAGmayameM 'gaNeza' bhI kahA hai, unakA uttarAdhikArI banane tathA kevalajJAnalakSmIkI prApti karaneke martarUpa pratIta hote haiM / ina jaisI aura bhI kitanI hI bAteM ina dinoMmeM sAmAnya janatA dvArA kI jAtI haiN| unakA bhI sambandha bha0 mahAvIrase spaSTa mAlUma hotA hai| ina tathyoMkI pracalita mAnyatAoM aura nirvANakAlika ghaTita ghaTanAoM ke sAmaJjasyake AdhArapara khoja kI jAya to pUrA satya sAmane A sakatA hai aura tathyoMkA udghATana ho sakatA hai| phira bhI upalabdha pramANoM aura ghaTanAoMparase yaha niHsaMkoca aura asandigdharUpameM kahA jA sakatA hai ki vIra-nirvANa parva aura dIpAvalI parvakA ghaniSTha sambandha hai athavA ve eka dUsareke rUpAntara haiN| -473 - 60