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________________ vartamAna sAdhu aura navIna mAnasa yUropameM gaililiyo vagairaha vaijJAnikoMne jaba vicArakA nayA dvAra kholA aura brUno jaise pAdarI putroMne dharma-cintanameM svatantratA dikhalAI, taba unakA virodha karanevAle vahA~ke popa aura dharmaguru the / bAibilakI purAnI bAteM jaba vicAroMkI navInatA aura svatantratA na saha sakIM taba jar3atA aura vicAroMke bIcameM dvandva zurU huaa| antameM jar3atAne apanA astitva salAmata rakhaneke lie eka hI mArgakA avalambana kiyaa| arthAt jaba dharmaguruoM aura popoMne apane dharmakI maryAdA kevala bAibila ke giri-pravacanameM aura yathA-zakya sevAkSetrameM sImita dekhI aura vijJAna aura zikSAke navIna balako mArgadarzana karAnemeM apaneko asamartha pAyA, taba unhoMne apanA kAryakSetra saMkucita karake naye jamAnekI bar3hatI huI vicAra-dhArAkA mArga rokanekI Atma-ghAtaka pravRttise haTakara apane aura navIna vikAsake astitvako bacA liyaa| yUropa meM jo bAta yugoM pahale zurU huI thI aura antameM apane svAbhAvika mArgako pahu~ca gaI thI, bhAratameM bhI Aja hama usakA Arambha dekha rahe haiM, khAsa karake jaina samAjameM / yahA~ke aura samAjoMko alaga rakhakara kevala vaidika yA brAhmaNa samAjako lekara jarA vicAra kIjie / vaidika samAja karor3oMkI saMkhyAmeM hai| usameM guru-padoMpara gRhastha brAhmaNoMke alAvA tyAgI saMnyAsI bhI haiM aura ve lAkhoM haiN| jaba navIna zikSAkA AraMbha huA, taba unameM bhI halacala maca gaI / para usa halacalase bhI jyAdA tejIse navIna zikSA phailane lgii| usane apanA mArga naye DhaMgapara zurU kiyaa| jo brAhmaNa-paMDita zAstrake bala aura paramparAke prabhAvase cAroM vargoM ke lie gurutulya mAnya the, jinakI vANI nyAyakA kAma karatI thI aura varNa aura AzramoMkI purAnI rUr3hiyoMke bAhara paira
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________________ dharma aura samAja rakhane meM pApakA bhaya dikhalAtI aura prAyazcitta detI thI, unhIM dhurandhara paMDitokI santAnoMne navIna zikSA lekara apane bar3oM kA sAmanA kiyA aura jahA~ koI mArga na milA vahA~ brahmasamAja, devasamAja, AryasamAjAdi naye dharmokI sthApanA kara lI / eka tarapha zikSita gRhasthoM meM se prajAke navIna mAnasako mArga dikhA sakanevAlA samartha varga taiyAra hone lagA aura dUsarI tarapha sAdhu-saMnyAsiyoM meM se bhI aisA varga nikalane lagA jo pAzcAtya zikSAko samajhatA thA aura usako apanA lene meM hI prajAkA sundara bhaviSya dekhatA thA / svAmI vivekAnanda aura rAmatIrthane navIna zikSAprApsa hinduoMke mAnasako pahacAna liyA aura use yogya dizAmeM sahAnubhUtipUrvaka le jAnekA prAmANika aura buddhi-siddha prayatna kiyA / pariNAma yaha huA ki Aja purAnI rUr3hiyoMke kaTTarase kaTTara samarthaka lAkhoM sanAtanI paMDitoMke rahate hue bhI vizAla vaidika samAjakI isa navIna pIr3hIke lie zikSaNa meM yA bicAra svAtantrya meM koI baMdhana nahIM raha gayA / yahI kAraNa hai ki jahA~ eka ora dasa hajAra varSa purAne vaidika kAlake pakSapAtI prakhara paMDita maujUda haiM vahIM vidyAkI pratyeka zAkhAmeM sarvathA navIna DhaMga se pAraMgata aura khullamakhullA purAne samaya ke baMdhanoMke virodhI hajAroM lAkhoM vidvAn najara Ane lage haiM / koI bhI satAtanI paMDita yA zaMkarAcArya, jagadIzacandra bosa yA sI0 vI0 ramaNako isIlie nIce girAnekA prayatna nahIM karatA ki unhoMne jo unake pUrvajoMne nahIM kiyA thA vaha kiyA hai / kAlidAsa aura mAghake vaMzaja kisI saMskRta - kavine TAgorake kavitvake virodha meM isalie roSa nahIM dikhAyA ki unhoMne vAlmIki aura vyAsake sanAtana mArgase bhinna bilkula naI dizAmeM prasthAna kiyA hai| gItAke bhASyakAra AcAryoMke paTTadharoMne gA~dhI jI ko isIlie tyAjya nahIM ginA ki unhoMne pUrvAcAryoMdvArA phalita na kI huI ahiMsA gItA meMse phalita kI hai / arthAt hindU samAja meM karor3oM ati saMkucita, zaMkAzIla aura DarapokoMke hote hue bhI sArI duniyA kA dhyAna AkarSita karanevAle asAdhAraNa loga janmate Aye haiM / isakA eka mAtra kAraNa yahI hai ki isa samAjameM naye mAnasako pahacAnanevAloM, usakA netRtva karanevAloM aura usake sAtha tanmaya honevAloMkA kabhI abhAva nahIM rahA / aba jarA jaina samAjakI ora dekhie / usameM koI pacAsa varSase, navIna zikSAkA saMcAra dhIre dhIre huA hai / vaha jaise jaise bar3hatA gayA, vaise vaise 112
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________________ vartamAna sAdhu aura navIna mAnasa pratyApAtI bala bhI sAmane Ane lagA aura jaina samAjake naye mAnasake sAthA purAne mAnasakA saMgharSa hone lgaa| parantu jise hama jaina samAjakA purAnA mAnasa kahate haiM sacamuca meM to use sAdhuoMkA mAnasa samajhanA cAhie / yahA saca hai ki kaTTara aura durAgrahI strI-puruSa jaina gRhasthoMmeM bhI ye aura aba bhI hai| parantu unake saMcAlanakI bAgaDora sadA sAdhuoMke hAthameM rahI hai| isakA yaha artha nahIM ki tamAma gRhasthoMne kisI eka samayameM apanA netRtva sAdhuvargako sauMpa diyA hai kintu purAnI paramparAke anusAra eka aisI mAnyatA calI AI hai ki zikSA aura tyAgameM to sAdhu hI Age ho sakate haiM / gRhastha yadi par3hate haiM, to kevala apanA vyApAra calAneke lie / saba viSayoMkA aura sabhI prakArakA jJAna to sAdhuoMmeM hI ho sakatA hai / aura tyAga to sAdhuoMkA jIvana hI rahA / isa paramparAgata zraddhAke kAraNa jAne yA anajAne gRhastha-dharma sAdhuoMke kathanAnusAra hI calatA AyA hai / vyApAra-dhandheke alAvA vicAraNIya pradezameM sadAse kevala sAdhu hI saccI salAha dete Aye hai-isIlie jaba bhI koI naI paristhiti khar3I hotI hai, aura purAnI lakIrake phakIra kSubdha hote yA ghabar3Ate hai, taba pratyakSa yA apratyakSa rItise sAdhuoMkA mAnasa hI usa kSobhakA preraka nahIM to poSaka avazya hotA hai / yadi aise kSobhake samaya koI samartha vicAraka sAdhu lakIrake phakIra zrAvakoMko yogya salAha de, to nizcaya hI vahaH kSobha turanta miTa jAya / ajJatA, saMkIrNatA, pratiSThA-bhaya yA anya kAraNoMse sAdhu loga navIna zikSA, navIna paristhiti aura usake balakA andAja nahIM: lagA sakate / pariNAmasvarUpa ve navIna paristhitikA virodha na bhI kareM, toH bhI jaba udAsIna rahate haiM taba lakIrapaMthI zraddhAlu jana mAna lete haiM ki jaba mahArAja sAhaba aisI bAtoMmeM cupa haiM taba yaha navIna prakAza yA navInA paristhiti samAjake lie iSTa nahIM hogI aura isalie ve loga binA kucha soce samajhe khuda apanI hI saMtAnoMkA sAmanA karane lagate haiN| aura yadi kahIM koI prabhAvazAlI sAdhu hAtha DAla dete haiM, taba to jalatemeM ghI par3a jAtA hai| sAdhusamAjakI jar3atA para yaha bAta khAsa taurase zvetAmbara mUrtipUjakoMmeM hI dikhAI detI hai| digambara samAjameM to unake sabhAgyase sAdhu loga rahe hI nahIM the| avazya hI abhI
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________________ dharma aura samAja 'abhI kucha nama sAdhu naye hue haiM jo purAnI cAlake haiN| atyanta saMkucita 'manake paNDita, brahmacArI aura varNI bhI hai| ye saba digambara samAjakI naI prajAkI navIna zikSA, naye vicAra aura vicAra-svAtantryameM bahuta bAdhA DAlate haiN| eka tarahase ye apane samAjameM mandagatise mI praveza karate hue prakAzako dabAneke lie yathAzakya saba kucha karate haiN| isI kAraNa ukta samAjameM bhI 'jar3atA aura vicArazIlatAke bIca mahAbhArata cAla hai| phira bhI zvetAMbara mUrtipUjakoMmeM sAdhuoMkA jitanA prabhAva hai, jitanA anadhikAra hastakSepa hai aura jitanA gRhastha aura sAdhuoMke bIca nAdAtmya hai, utanA digambara samAjake paMDitoM aura sAdhuoMmeM nahIM hai| isa kAraNa zvetAmbara samAjakA kSobha digambara samAjake kSobhakI apekSA adhika dhyAna khIMcatA hai| sthAnakavAsI samAjameM isa tarahake kSobhake prasaMga nahIM upasthita hote / kAraNa usa samAjameM zrAvakoMpara sAdhuoMkA prabhAva vyavahAra-kSetrameM nAma mAtrako bhI nahIM / gRhasthajana sAdhuoMko mAna dete, bandanA karate aura poSate haiM, basa itanA hI / kintu sAdhujana yadi gRhasthoMkI pravRttimeM pratyakSa yA apratyakSa hAtha DAlate hue jAna par3eM, to unheM sAdhuke nAte jInA hI muzkila ho jAya / zvetAMbara sAdhuoMne gRhastha-jIvanake vikAsake lie jo kucha kiyA hai, usakA zAyada zatAMza bhI -sthAnakavAsI sAdhuoMne nahIM kiyaa| para yaha bhI saca hai ki unhoMne zvetAMbara *sAdhuoMkI bhA~ti gRhasthake jIvana-vikAsameM bAdhAyeM khar3I nahIM kii| yoM to sthAnakavAsI samAjameM bhI purAne aura naye mAnasake bIca saMgharSa hai lekina usa saMgharSakA mUla sUtra sAdhuoMke hAthameM nahIM hai| isIlie vaha na to jyAdA samaya taka calatA hai aura na ugrarUpa dhAraNa karatA hai / usakA samAdhAna Apa hI Apa bApa-beToM, aura bhAI bhAImeM hI ho jAtA hai| kintu zvetAmbara samAjake sAdhu isa prakArakA samAdhAna azakya kara dete haiN| ___ dhArmika jhagar3e aba hama jarA pichalI zatAbdiyoMkI ora bar3he aura dekheM ki, vartamAnameM jaisA saMgharSa sAdhuoM aura navIna prajAke bIca dikhAI detA hai vaisA kisI tarahakA saMgharSa sAdhuoM aura gRhasthoMke bIca, khAsakara zikSA aura saMskArake viSayameM, utpanna huA yA nahIM ? itihAsa kahatA hai ki nhiiN| bhagavAn
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________________ vartamAna sAdhu aura navIna mAnasa 115 mahAvIrake bAdake itihAsa meM kalaha aura saMgharSa honeke yoM to kaI pramANa milate hai lekina vaha saMgharSa jaba dhArmika thA taba donoM orake virodhI sUtradhAra kevala sAdhu hI the aura ve pUrNa ahiMsaka honeke kAraNa pratyakSa rUpase hiMsA- yuddha nahIM kara sakate the, isa lie lagAma apane hAthameM rakha kara apane apane gacchakI chAvaniyoMmeM zrAvakaM sipAhiyoMke dvArA hI lar3ate the aura itane kauzalase lar3ate the ki lar3anekI bhUkha bhI miTa jAtI thI aura ahiMsAkA pAlana bhI hotA thA / isa prakAra purAne itihAsameM zrAvakoM - zrAvakoMke bIca kI dhArmika lar3AI bhI vAstavameM to sAdhu-sAdhuoMkI hI lar3AI thI / lekina usameM eka bhI dRSTAnta aisA nahIM milegA jisameM AjakalakI bhA~ti pratyakSa rItise sAdhuoM aura zrAvakoMke bIca lar3AI huI ho / sAdhuoMkA dRSTibiMdu prAcIna samaya meM zikSA sAdhu aura zrAvakoMke bIca AjakI taraha bhinna nahIM zrI / gRhastha loga vyApAra-dhandheke bAremeM cAhe jitanI kuzalatA prApta kara leM para dhArmika zikSA ke silasilemeM ve sAdhuoMkA hI anukaraNa karate the / sAdhuoMkA STI gRhasthoM kA dRSTibindu thA / sAdhuoMke zAstra hI gRhasthoMke antima pramANa the / sAdhuoM dvArA pradarzita zikSAkA viSaya hI gRhasthoMke abhyAsakA viSaya aura sAdhuoMkI dI huI pustakeM hI gRhasthoMkI pAThya pustakeM aura lAyabrerI thI / tAtparya yaha ki zikSaNa aura saMskArake pratyeka viSayameM gRhasthoMko sAdhuoMkA hI anusaraNa karanA par3atA thA / isalie unakA dharma bhAratakI pativratA nArIkI taraha sAdhuoMke paga-pagapara jAne-AnekA thA / patikA teja hI patnIkA teja, yahI pativratAkI vyAkhyA hai / isI kAraNa use svatantra puruSArtha karanekI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI / jaina gRhasthoMkI zikSA aura saMskAritA ke viSaya meM yahI sthiti rahI hai / siddhasena aura samantamadra tArkika to the lekina sAdhupadako pahu~cane ke bAda | yaha saca hai ki haribhadra aura hemacandrane nava nava sAhitya se bhaMDAra bhara diye lekina vaha sAdhuoMkI zAlAmeM dAkhila honeke bAda | yazovijayajIne jaina - sAhityako nayA jIvana diyA lekina vaha bhI sAdhu abhyAsIke svarUpameM / hama usa purAne yugameM kisI bhI gRhasthako jaina sAdhu jitanA samartha aura prasiddha vidvAn nahIM dekha pAte, isakA kAraNa kyA hai ? asAdhAraNa pAMDitya
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________________ 116 dharma aura samAja aura vidvattAvAle zaMkarAcArya aura dUsare saMnyAsiyoMke samayameM unake ho samakSa unase bhI bar3e bar3e gRhastha paMDitoMkA itihAsa vaidika samAjameM prasiddha hai| parantu prasiddha sAdhuoM yA AcAryokI jor3akA eka bhI gRhastha zrAvaka jaina itihAsane utpanna nahIM kiyaa| kyA gRhastha brAhmaNameM jitanI buddhi hotI hai utanI zrAvakameM nahIM ho sakatI? yA jaba taka zrAvaka gRhastha hai taba taka usameM isa prakArakI buddhikI saMbhAvanA hI nahIM aura jaba vaha sAdhuveza dhAraNa karatA hai tabhI usameM ekAeka aisI buddhi ubala AtI hai ? nahIM, kAraNa yaha hai ki gRhastha zrAvaka zikSA aura saMskArake kSetrameM sAdhuoMke samAna darjemeM dAkhila hI nahIM hue / unhoMne apanA sArA hI samaya pAtivratya dharmakA pAlana karake bhaktikI lAja rakhanemeM lagAyA hai aura sAdhuoMkI pratiSThAkA satata samarthana kiyA hai| isIlie eka hI sAmAnya darjemeM zikSA pAnevAle sAdhu gaccha-bheda, kriyAkANDa-bheda yA padavI-mohake kAraNa jaba ApasameM lar3ate the taba gRhastha zrAvaka eka yA dUsare pakSakA vaphAdArIse samarthana karate the| lekina pratyakSa rItise kisI bhI gRhasthakA kisI sAdhuke sAmane lar3anA, matabheda rakhanA yA virodha karanA hotA hI nahIM thaa| isI kAraNa hamArA purAnA itihAsa gRhasthoM aura tyAgiyoMke zikSAsaMskAra viSayaka Antara-vigrahase nahIM raMgA gyaa| vaha korA pRSTha to aba yUropako zikSAse citrita honA zurU huA hai| __ Antaravigraha sAdhuoM aura navIna zikSAprApta gRhasthoMke mAnasake bIca itanA bar3A vigrahakArI bheda kyoM hai ? isa antarvigrahakA mUla kAraNa kyA hai ? mAnasa zikSAsa aura zikSAke anusAra hI banatA hai| jaisA anna taisA mana ' isa kahAvatase jyAdA vyApaka aura sUkSma siddhAnta yaha hai ki 'jaisI zikSA vaisA mana / ' bIsavIM zatAbdImeM bhI zikSaNase-kevala paryApta zikSaNase hI hajAroM varSa pahaleke mAnasakA punargaThana ho sakatA hai| usa purAne jaMgalI mAnasako kevala zikSaNakI sahAyatAse thor3e hI samayameM Adhunika banAyA jA sakatA hai / sAdhu jisa zikSaNako pAte haiM vaha eka prakArakA hai aura unake bhakta zrAvakoMkI santati jisa zikSAko pAtI hai vaha bilkula nigale DhaMgakI / eka dUsareke bilkula viparIta bahanevAle zikSaNake ina do pravAhoMne jaina samAjameM, do prakArake.
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________________ vartamAna sAdhu aura navIna mAnasa 117 abhUtapUrva mAnasoMko utpanna kiyA hai aura ve hI eka dUsarepara vijaya pAneke lie samAjake akhAr3e meM utara par3e haiN| yadi hama ina parasparavirodhI donoM mAnasoMkA gaThana karanevAle zikSaNa, usake viSaya aura usakI praNAlIke bAremeM kucha jAna leM, to nizcaya ho jAyagA ki abhI jo mAnasika bhUkampa AyA hai vaha svAbhAvika aura anivArya hai| sAdhu loga sIkhate haiM / sArI jindagI zikSA lenevAle sAdhuoMkI kamI nahIM hai| unake zikSaka unhIM jaise manovRttike sAdhu hote haiM aura jyAdAtara to aise paNDita hote haiM jo ki bIsavIM sadImeM janma lekara bhI bArahavIM yA solahavIM sadIse Age zAyada hI bar3he hoN| sAdhuoMkI zikSApraNAlI sAdhuoMkI zikSAkA mukhya viSaya jo sabase pahale unheM par3hAyA jAtA hai, kriyA-kANDaviSayaka sUtra haiN| ina sUtroMke sIkhate aura sikhAte samaya eka hI dRSTi sAmane hotI hai ki ve svayaM bhagavAn mahAvIrake race hue haiM, yA pIcheke honepara bhI aise acala haiM ki unameM utpAda-vyayakA jainasiddhAnta bhI gauNa ho jAtA hai| isa kriyA-kANDI zikSApara sarvazreSThatAkI chApa isa taraha zraddhAke hathor3e mAramArakara biThAI jAtI hai ki sIkhanevAlA dUsare sabhI kriyAkANDoMko tuccha aura bhrAmaka mAnane lagatA hai / itanA hI nahIM, vaha apane choTese gaccha ke sivA dUsare sahodara aura par3osI gacchoMke vidhi-vidhAnoMko bhI azAstrIya ginane lagatA hai| sAdhuoMke zikSaNakA dUsarA viSaya dharma aura tasvajJAna hai| dharmake nAmase 've jo kucha sIkhate haiM usameM unakI eka hI dRSTi Adise anta taka aisI dRDhatAse poSI jAtI hai ki unheM sikhAyA jAnevAlA dharma pUrNa hai| usameM kucha bhI kama jyAdA karaneke lie avakAza nahIM aura dharmakI zreSThatAke bAremeM unake manapara aise saMskAra DAle jAte haiM ki jaba taka ve loga itara dharmoM ke doSa na dekheM aura itara dharmokI kamiyA~ na batalAveM, taba taka unheM apane dharmakI zreSThatAkA vizvAsa karanekA dUsarA koI mArga dikhalAI nahIM pdd'taa| jaina sAhityameM dAkhila huI koI bhI ghaTanA-bhale hI vaha kAlpanika ho, rUpaka
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________________ 118 dharma aura samAja ho, yA parApUrvase calA AnevAlA kathAnaka ho, unake lie itihAsa aura sacA itihAsa haiN| unako par3hAyA jAnevAlA bhUgola vizvake usa pArase zurU hotA hai jisameM pratyakSa dekhe jA sake, aura jahA~ svayaM jAyA jA sake, aise sthAnoMkI apekSA jyAdAtara aise hI sthAnoMkA bar3A bhAga hotA hai jahA~ kabhI pahu~cA na jA sake aura jise dekhA na jA sake / unake bhUgolameM devAGganAe haiM, indrANiyoM hai aura parama dhArmika narakapAla bhii| jina nadiyoM, samudroM aura parvatoMke nAma unako sIkhane hote haiM unake viSayameM unakA pakkA vizvAsa rahatA hai ki yadyapi ve vartamAnameM agamya haiM phira bhI haiM varNanake anusAra hii| tatvajJAna, aise vizvAsake sAtha sikhAyA jAtA hai ki jo dohajAra varSa pahale saMgraha huA thA vahI avicchinna svarUpameM binA parivartanake calA AtA hai| isa lambe samaya AsapAsake baloMne jaina-tatvajJAnake poSaNake lie jo dalIleM, jo zAstrArtha jaina sAhityameM dAkhila kiye haiM unakA RNa svIkAranA to dUra rahA, ulaTe aise saMskAra bhara diye jAte haiM ki anyatra jo kucha bhI kahA gayA hai vaha saba jaina-sAhitya-samudrakA bindu mAtra hai| navIM aura dasavIM sadI taka bauddha vidvAnoMne aura karIba karIba usI sadI taka brAhmaNa vidvAnoMne jo tAttvika carcAe~ kI haiM vahI zvetAmbaroM yA digambaroMke tatva-sAhityameM akSarazaH maujUda haiN| kintu usake bAdakI sadiyoMmeM brAhmaNa vidvAnoMne jo tattvajJAna paidA kiyA hai aura jisakA abhyAsa sanAtanI paMDita aba taka karate Aye haiM aura jaina sAdhuoMko bhI par3hAte Aye haiM, usa tatvajJAnake vikAsase-yazovijayajIke apavAdako chor3akara-sabake saba jaina AcAryokA sAhitya vaMcita hai| phira bhI jainatattvajJAnakA abhyAsa karanevAle sAdhu mAnate haiM ki ve jo kucha sIkhate haiM usameM bhAratIya vikasita tatvajJAnakA koI bhI aMza bAkI nahIM raha jaataa| bhAratIya dArzanika saMskRtike prANabhUta pUrvamImAMsA aura uttaramImAMsA darzanoMke tanika bhI prAmANika abhyAsake binA jaina sAdhu apane tatvajJAnako saMpUrNa mAnate haiN| bhASA, vyAkaraNa, kAvya, koSa-ye saba bhI unakI zikSAke viSaya hai, lekina unameM navayugakA koI bhI tatva dAkhila nahIM huaa| saMkSepameM anekAntavAdakA viSayake nAte to sthAna hotA hai parantu anekAntakI dRSTi jIvita nahIM hotii| isI kAraNa ve vijJAnakA Azraya tabhI lete haiM jaba unheM apane mata-samarthanake anukUla usameMse kucha mila jAya /
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________________ vartamAna sAdhu aura navIna mAnasa 119 sacce itihAsakI ve tabhI prazaMsA karate haiM jaba usameMse unakI mAnyatAke anukUla kucha nikala Aye / tArkika svatantratAkI bAta ve tabhI karate haiM jaba usa tarkakA upayoga dUsare matoMke khaNDanameM ho sakatA ho / isa taraha vijJAna, itihAsa, tarka aura tulanA, ina cAroM dRSTiyoMkA unake zikSaNameM niSpakSa sthAna nahIM hai| " Adhunika zikSA isa dezameM kAlejoM aura yunivarsiTiyoMke prasthApita hote hI zikSaNake viSaya, usakI praNAlI aura zikSaka, ina sabameM Adise anta taka parivartana ho gayA hai / kevala kAlejoMmeM hI nahIM prAthamika zAlAoMse lekara hAIskUla kameM zikSaNa kI pratyakSa paddhati dAkhila ho gaI hai| kisI bhI prakArake pakSa yA bhedabhAvako chor3akara satyakI nauvapara vijJAna kI zikSA dAkhila huI hai / itihAsa aura bhUgolake viSaya pUrI sAvadhAnIse aise DhaMgase par3hAye jAte haiM ki koI bhI bhUla thA bhrama mAlUma hote hI usakA saMzodhana ho jAtA hai / bhASA, kAvya Adi bhI vizAla tulanAtmaka dRSTise sikhAye jAte haiN| saMkSepameM kahA jAya to naI zikSA meM pratyakSasiddha vaijJAnika kasauTI dAkhila huI hai, niSpakSa aitihAsika dRSTiko sthAna milA hai aura udAra tulanAtmaka paddhatine saMkucita maryAdAoM ko vizAla kiyA hai| isake alAvA naI zikSA denevAle mAsTara yA prophesara kevala vidyArthiyoke paMthako potraneke lie yA unake paitRka paraMparAmAnasako santoSa deneke lie baddha nahIM haiM jaise ki pazukI taraha dAsa bane hue. paMDita loga / vAtAvaraNa aura vAcanAlaya kevala itanA hI nahIM, vAtAvaraNa aura vAcanAlayoM meM bhI bhArI bheda hai / sAdhuoMkA unnatase unnata vAtAvaraNa kahA~ hogA ? ahamadAbAda yA bambaI jaise zaharakI kisI galIke vizAla upAzrayameM jahA~ dasa pA~ca raTTU sAdhuokA udAsIna sAhacarya rahatA hai / unako kisI vizeSa adhyayanazIla prophesara ke cintana mananakA koI lAbha yA sahavAsakA saurabha nahIM miltaa| unake pustakAlayoM meM nAnA vidha kintu eka hI prakArakA sAhitya rahatA hai / para naI zikSAkA pradeza bilkula nirAlA
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________________ dharma aura samAja hai / usameM vividha viSayoMpara gaMbhIra aura vyApaka adhyayana karanevAle prophesaroMkI vicAradhArA bahatI rahatI hai aura vividha viSayoMkI AmUla naye DhaMga para carcA karane vAlI pustakoMse bharI huI lAyabreriyA rahatI hai / 120 isake sivAya do bAteM aisI haiM jo sAdhu-zikSaNa aura nava zikSaNake bIca bar3I bhArI dIvAla siddha hotI haiN| eka to paMthoMke bAr3oMmeM paravariza pAyA huA sAdhu-mAnasa svabhAvataH aisA Darapoka hotA hai ki vaha bhAgyavaza kisI chidrase - koI prakAza pA bhI le, parantu khullamakhullA apanI paramparAke viruddha kucha bhI kahane meM mRtyu kaSTakA anubhava karatA hai, jisa taraha parde meM rahanevAlI strIkA -mAnasa khulI havA meM paira rakhate hI karatA hai / lekina naI zikSAkA vidyArthI usa bhayase bilkula mukta rahatA hai / vaha jo jAnatA hai yA mAnatA hai use bedhar3aka kaha sakatA hai / usako sAdhukI taraha na to ghabar3AnA par3atA hai aura na - daMbhakA hI Azraya lenA par3atA hai / dUsare nava zikSaNa pAnevAle yuvakoM aura yuvatiyoMko kevala isI deza vividha sthaloM aura vividha jAtiyoMke bIca hI nahIM videzoMke vizAla prade'zoMkA sparza karanA bhI sulabha ho gayA hai| saiMkar3oM yuvaka hI nahIM yuvatiyA~ aura kumArikAe~ bhI yUropa aura amerikA jAtI haiN| jaise hI ve jahAjapara car3hakara anaMtAkAza aura apAra samudrakI ora tAkate haiM, unake janmasiddha ba~dhana bilkula TUTate nahIM to DhIle avazya ho jAte haiM / videza"bhramaNa aura parajAtiyoMke sahavAsase aura videzI zikSaNa saMsthAoM, adbhuta prayogazAlAoM aura pustakAlayoMke paricayase unakA mAnasa hajAroM varSakI tIvratama graMthiyoM ko bhI tor3ane kI koziza karane lagatA hai aura ve saba kucha naI dRSTi se dekhane samajhate lagate haiM / isa prakAra hamane dekhA ki jinako jaina prajA apane guruke nAte, apane nAyaka aura patha-pradarzakakI bhA~ti mAnatI AI hai unakA mAnasa kisa prakArakA haiM aura pichale kucha varSoMse jo navIna pIr3hI naI zikSA pA rahI hai aura jisake lie usa zikSAkA grahaNa karanA anivArya hai, usake mAnasakA gaThana kisa prakAra ho rahA hai| agara ina do prakAra ke gaThana kI pArzvabhUmi meM abUjha aura ajor3a koI bar3A bheda hai, *
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________________ vartamAna sAdhu aura navIna mAnasa 121 to abhI jisa bhUkampakA samAjameM anubhava kiyA jA rahA hai usako asvAbhAvika yA kevala Agagtuka kauna buddhimAn kaha sakegA ? ___ ghartamAna bhUkampa kaise thame ? yA to AjakI aura isake bAdakI pIr3hI nava-zikSaNake daravAjoMpara tAle lagAkara usake saMskAroMko AmUla miTA de aura yA sAdhuvarga apanI saMkIrNa dRSTimaryAdAko vistIrNa karake nava zikSaNake dvAroMmeM praveza karane lage, tamI yaha bhUkampa thamanekI saMbhAvanA ho sakatI hai / navazikSaNake dvAroMmeM praveza kiye binA aura bArahavIM sadIkI purAnI praNAlIkA zikSaNa prApta karate rahanepara bhI yadi zvetAmbara sAdhu sthAnakavAsI sAdhuoMkI taraha dharmake nAmase navapIr3hIkI vicAraNA yA pravRttimeM anadhikAra bAdhA DAlanA chor3a deM, to bhI yaha bhUkampa thama sakatA hai| isake lie yA to sAdhuvargake lie popoM aura pAdariyoMkI taraha apane vicAra aura kAryakI maryAdA badalanekI anivArya AvazyakatA hai yA phira navIna pIr3hIko hI hamezAke lie muktajJAnake dvAroMko baMda kara denA cAhie / kintu kyA donoM meM se eka varga bhI kabhI apanA pallA nIcA karaneko taiyAra hogA ? nhiiN| koI pAmara vyakti bhI vartamAna aura usake bAdake mukta zikSaNake avasaroMko ga~vAneke lie taiyAra na hogA / isake binA sAmprata jIvanakA TikanA bhI asaMbhava hai| jisa sAdhuvargane Ajataka paitRka tapa-saMpatike balase gRhasthoke Upara rAjya kiyA hai, aura anadhikAra sattAke chUTa piye hai, vaha buddhipUrvaka purAne jamAnese Age bar3hakara navIna yugake anukUla apane mAnasako banA le, yaha to zAyada hI saMbhava ho / isI kAraNa prazna hotA hai ki nava mAnasake pathapradarzaka kauna ho sakate haiM ? naye mAnasake patha-darzaka yA to gurupadapara rahakara zrAvakoMke mAnasakA paya-pradarzana karanevAlA sAdhuvarga navamAnasakA bhI patha-pradarzaka bane yA navamAnasa svayaM hI apanI lagAma apane hAthame le le / isameMse pahalA to sarvathA asambhava hai / hamane dekhA hai ki Ajakala ke sAdhukI zikSaNa-maryAdA bilakula hI saMkucita hai aura dRSTi
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________________ dharma aura samAja maryAdA to usase bhI adhika saMkucita, jaba ki nava mAnasa bilakula hI bhinna prakArakA hai| aisI sthitima vartamAna sAdhu-vargameMse purAnI zAstra saMpattiko naI dRSTise dekhanevAle vivekAnanda, rAmakRSNa jaise sAdhu nikalanA to saMbhava nahIM hai| tAtparya yaha ki koI bhI sAdhu navamAnasakA saMcAlana kara sake, samIpake bhaviSyameM to kyA lambI muddatake bAda bhI aisI koI saMbhAvanA nahIM hai| isalie aba dUsarA prakAra bAkI rahatA hai| usake anusAra navazikSaNaprApta naI pIDhIke mAnasako khuda hI apanI lagAma apane hAthameM lenekI jarUrata hai aura yaha ucita bhI hai| jaba patita, dalita aura kucalI huI jAtiyA~ bhI apane Apa uThanekA prayatna kara rahI haiM taba saMskArI jaina-prajAke mAnasake lie to yaha kArya tanika bhI kaThina nhiiN| apanI lagAma apane hAthoM leneke pahale navIna pIr3hI caMda mahattvake siddhAnta nizcinta phara ddaale| unake anusAra kAryakrama gar3he aura bhAvI svarAjyakI yogyatA prApta karanekI taiyArIke lie sAmAjika uttaradAyitva hAthameM lekara sAmUhika praznoMko vyaktigata lAbhakI dRSTi se dekhakara sva-zAsana aura sva-niyaMtraNake balakA saMgraha kare / pryussnn-vyaakhyaanmaalaa| anuvAdaka 'bambaI, 1136 nihAlacaMdra pArekha