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________________ muni zrInathamalajI upaniSad, purANa aura mahAbhArata meM zramaNa saMskRti kA svara zramaNa paramparA Atma-vidyA kI paramparA hai. vaha utanI hI prAcIna hai, jitanI prAcIna Atma-vidyA hai. bhAratIya vidyAoM meM Atma-vidyA kA sthAna sarvocca hai. jo vyakti AtmA ko nahIM jAnatA, vaha bahuta kucha jAnakara bhI jJAnI nahIM bana pAtA. zaunaka ne aMgarA se pUchA-'bhagavan ! vaisA kyA hai ? jise jAna lene para saba kucha jAna liyA jAya.'' upaniSadoM meM isakA uttara hai-'AtmA ko jAna lene para saba kucha jAna liyA jAtA hai.' yaha zramaNa-saMskRti kA pradhAna svara hai. Atma-vidyA kSatriya paramparA ke adhIna rahI hai. purANoM ke anusAra kSatriyoM ke pUrvaja bhagavAn RSabha haiM.2 zrImadbhAgavatakAra ke abhimata meM bhagavAn RSabha mokSadharma ke pravartaka avatAra haiM. bhagavAn RSabha ke sau putra the. unameM nau putra vAtarazana zramaNa bane. ve prAtma-vidyA vizArada the.4 bhagavAn RSabha ne jisa Atma-vidyA aura mokSa-vidyA kA pravartana kiyA, vaha mudIrgha kAla taka kSatriyoM ke AdhIna rahI. vRhadAraNyaka aura chAndogya upaniSad meM hama dekha pAte haiM ki aneka brAhmaNa RSi kSatriya rAjAoM ke pAsa Ate haiM aura Atma-vidyA kA bodha lete haiM.5 vinTaranitja ke mata meM dArzanika cintana (athavA jAgaraNa) brAhmaNa yuga ke pazcAt nahIM, pUrva zuru ho cukA thA. svayaM Rgveda meM hI kucha aise sUkta haiM jinameM devatAoM meM aura purohitoM kI adbhuta zakti meM janatA ke andhavizvAsa ke pratikucha sandeha spaSTa ho cuke haiM.6 1. muNDakopaniSad 11.3. 2. (ka) brahmANDa purANa, pUrvArdha chanuSaMgapAda, adhyAya 14, zloka 60. RSabhaM pArthiva zreSThaM sarva-kSatrasya pUrvajam / RSabhAd bharato jajJe vIraH putr-shtaagrjH| (kha) vAyumahApurANa, pUrvArdha, adhyAya 33, zloka 50. nAbhistvajanayatputraM marudevyAM mahAyutiH / RSabhaM pArthiva-zreSThaM sarva-kSatrasya pUrvajam / 3. zrImadbhAgavata 11 / 2 / 16 (gItApresa gorakhapura, prathama saMskaraNa) tamAhurvAsudevAMzaM mokSadharmavivakSayA / avatINaM sutazataM tasyAsId brahmapAragam / 4. zrImadbhAgavata 11 / 2 / 20. navAbhavan mahAbhAgA munayo barthazaMsinaH / zramaNa vAtarazanA Atma-vidyA vizAradAhaH / 5. chAndogya upaniSad 553, 5 / 11 (3 saMskaraNa), vRhadAraNyaka 612, 211 (2 saMskaraNa). 6. prAcIna bhAratIya sAhitya, prathama bhAga, prathama khaNDa pRSTha 182 (motIlAla banArasIdAsa). NE. SEISURPRENEUROSENANDERSENENOSENEBENSERE Jain Education intematona
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________________ muni nathamala : upaniSad, purANa aura mahAbhArata meM zramaNa-saMskRti kA svara : 575 / 'bhArata ke ina prathama dArzanikoM ko usa yuga ke purohitoM meM khojanA ucita na hogA, kyoMki purohita to yajJa ko eka zAstrIya DhAMcA dene meM dilojAna se lage hue the. jabaki ina dArzanikoM kA dhyeya veda ke anekezvaravAda ko unmUlita karanA hI thA jo brAhmaNa yajJoM ke ADambara dvArA hI apanI roTI kamAte haiM unhIM ke ghara meM hI koI aisA vyakti janma le-le jo indra taka kI sattA meM vizvAsa na kare, devatAoM ke nAma se AhutiyAM denA jise vyartha najara Ae-buddhi nahIM mAnatI. so adhika saMbhava nahIM pratIta hotA ki yaha dArzanika cintana unhIM logoM kA kSetra thA jinheM vedoM meM purohitoM kA zatru arthAt ari, kaMjUsa, brAhmaNoM ko dakSiNA dene se jI curAne vAlA-kahA gayA hai. upaniSadoM meM to, aura kabhI-kabhI brAhmaNoM meM bhI, aise kitane hI sthala Ate haiM jahA~ darzana anucintana ke usa yuga-pravAha meM kSatriyoM kI bhAratIya saMskRti ko dena svata: siddha ho jAtI hai .' apane putra zvetaketu se prerita ho AruNi paMcAla ke rAjA pravAhaNa ke pAsa gayA. taba rAjA ne usase kahA- maiM tumheM jo Atma-vidyA aura paraloka-vidyA de rahA hU~, usa para Aja taka kSatriyoM kA prazAsana rahA hai. Aja pahalI bAra baha brAhmaNoM ke pAsa jA rahI hai. parA aura aparA mANDukya upaniSad meM vidyA ke do prakAra kie gae haiM, parA aura aparA. usameM Rgveda, yajurveda, sAmaveda, atharvaveda, zikSA, kalpa, vyAkaraNa, nirukta, chanda aura jyotiSa--yaha aparA hai. jisase akSara-paramAtmA kA jJAna hotA hai, vaha parA hai.4 maharSi bRhaspati ne prajApati manu se kahA-'maiMne Rk, sAma aura yajurveda, atharvaveda, nakSatra-gati, nirukta, vyAkaraNa, kalpa aura zikSA kA bhI adhyayana kiyA hai to bhI maiM AkAza Adi pAMcoM mahAbhUtoM ke upAdAna kAraNa ko na jAna sakA.'5 prajApati manu ne kahA-'mujhe iSTa kI prApti ho aura aniSTa kA nivAraNa ho, isI ke liye karmoM kA anuSThAna Arambha kiyA gayA hai. iSTa aura aniSTa donoM hI mujhe prApta na hoM, isake liye jJAnayoga kA upadeza diyA gayA hai. veda meM jo karmoM ke prayoga batAe gae haiM, ve prAyaH sakAma bhAva se yukta haiM. jo ina kAmanAoM se mukta hotA hai, vahI paramAtmA ko pA sakatA hai. nAnA prakAra ke karma mArga meM sukha kI icchA rakhakara pravRtta hone vAlA manuSya paramAtmA ko prApta nahIM hotA.6 pitA-putra saMvAda brAhmaNa putra medhAvI mokSa-dharma ke artha meM kuzala thA. vaha loka-tattva kA acchA jJAtA thA. eka dina usane apane svAdhyAya parAyaNa pitA se kahA : 'pitA ! manuSyoM kI Ayu tIvra gati se bItI jA rahI hai. yaha jAnate hue dhIra puruSa ko kyA karanA cAhie ? tAta ! 1. vahI pRSTha 183. 2. chAndogya upaniSad 5 / 3 / 7 pRSTha 476. yathA mA tvaM gautamAvadau yatheyaM na prAk tvattaH purA vidyA brAhmaNAnagacchati tasmAdu sarveSu lokepu kSatrasyaiva prazAsanamabhUditi tasmai hovAca. (kha) bRhadAraNyaka 6 / 2 / 8 pRSTha 1287. yatheyaM vidyetaH pUrva na kasmiMcana brAhmaNa uvAsa tAM tvahaM tubhyaM vakSyAmi. 3. 1114. 4. 12115. 5. mahAbhArata zAntiparva 2018 (prakAzaka-gItApresa gorakhapura), 6. mahAbhArata zAntiparva 201 // 10.11. SINOSENSIEBENDSENEDUNOSENESNENESSERE Jain EN aorary.org
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________________ 576 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya Apa mujhe usa yathArtha upAya kA upadeza kIjie, jisake anusAra maiM dharma kA AcaraNa kara sakU ?' pitA ne kahA--'beTA ! dvija ko cAhie ki vaha pahale brahmacarya-vrata kA pAlana karate hue sampUrNa vedoM kA adhyayana kare phira gRhasthAzrama meM praveza kara ke pitaroM kI sadgati ke lie putra paidA karane kI icchA kare. vidhi-pUrvaka vividha agniyoM kI sthApanA karake yajJoM kA anuSThAna kare. tatpazcAt vAnaprastha-Azrama meM praveza kare. usake bAda maunabhAva se rahate hue saMnyAsI hone kI icchA kare.' putra ne kahA-'pitA ! yaha loka jaba isa prakAra se mRtyu dvArA mArA jA rahA hai, jarA avasthA dvArA cAroM ora se ghera liyA gayA hai, dina aura rAta saphalatA pUrvaka AyukSaya rUpa kAma kara ke bIta rahe haiM, aisI dazA meM bhI Apa dhIra kI bhAMti kaisI bAta kara rahe haiM ?' pitAne pUchA--'beTA ! tuma mujhe bhayabhIta-sA kyoM kara rahe ho ? batAo to sahI, yaha loka kisase mArA jA rahA hai, kisane hameM ghera rakhA hai aura yahAM kauna se aise vyakti haiM jo saphalatA pUrvaka apanA kAma karake vyatIta ho rahe haiM. putra ne kahA-'pitA ! dekhie yaha sampUrNa jagat mRtyu ke dvArA mArA jA rahA hai. bur3hApe ne ise cAroM ora se ghera liyA hai. aura ye dina-rAta hI ve vyakti haiM jo saphalatA pUrvaka prANiyoM kI Ayu kA apaharaNa svarUpa apanA kAma karake vyatIta ho rahe haiM, isa bAta ko Apa samajhate kyoM nahIM ?' 'ye amogha rAtriyAM nitya AtI haiM aura calI jAtI haiM. jaba maiM isa bAta ko jAnatA hUM ki mRtyu kSaNabhara ke liye bhI ruka nahIM sakatI aura maiM usake jAla meM phaMsakara hI vicara rahA hUM taba maiM thor3I dera bhI pratIkSA kaise kara sakatA hUM ?' 'jaba eka-eka rAta bItane ke sAtha hI Ayu bahuta kama hotI calI jA rahI hai taba chichale jala meM rahanevAlI machalI ke samAna kauna sukha pA sakatA hai ?' jisa rAta ke bItane para manuSya koI zubha karma na kare. usa dina ko vidvAn puruSa 'vyartha hI gayA' samajhe. manuSya kI kAmanAeM pUrI bhI nahIM hone pAtI ki mauta usake pAsa A pahuMcatI hai. jaise ghAsa carate hue meDhe ke pAsa acAnaka vyAghrI pahuMca jAtI hai aura use dabocakara cala detI hai, usI prakAra manuSya kA mana jaba dUsarI ora lagA hotA hai, usI samaya sahasA mRtyu A jAtI hai aura use lekara cala detI hai. isalie jo kalyANakArI kArya ho, use Aja hI kara DAlie, kyoMki jIvana niHsandeha anitya hai. dharmAcaraNa karane se ihaloka meM manuSya kI kIti kA vistAra hotA hai aura paraloka meM bhI use sukha milatA hai. ataH aba maiM hiMsA se dUra rahakara satya kI khoja karUMgA, kAma aura krodha ko hRdaya se nikAlakara duHkha aura sukha meM samAna bhAva rakhuMgA tathA sabake liye kalyANakArI banakara devatAoM ke samAna mRtyu ke bhaya se mukta ho jAUMgA. maiM nivRtti parAyaNa hokara zAntimaya yajJa meM tatpara rahUMgA. mana aura indriyoM ko basa meM rakhakara brahma-yajJa meM laga jAUMgA ora muni-vRtti se rahUMgA. uttarAyaNa mArga se jAne ke liye maiM japa aura svAdhyAya rUpa vAgyajJa, dhyAna rUpa manoyajJa aura agnihotra evaM gurusuzrUSAdi rUpa karma-yajJa kA anuSThAna karUMgA. pazuyajJaH kathaM hiMsramAdizo yaSTumarhati, aMtavadbhiriva prAjJaH kSetrayaH pizAcavat. mere jaisA vidvAn puruSa nazvara phala denevAle hisAyukta pazuyajJa aura pizAcoM ke samAna apane zarIra ke hI rakta-mAMsa dvArA kiye jAne vAle tAmasayajJoM kA anuSThAna kaise kara sakatA hai ? jisakI vANI aura mana donoM sadA bhalI bhA~ti ekAna rahate haiM tathA jo tyAga, tapasyA aura satya se sampanna hotA hai, vaha nizcaya hI saba kucha prApta kara sakatA hai. saMsAra meM vidyA (jJAna) ke samAna koI netra nahIM hai. satya ke samAna koI tapa nahIM hai, rAga ke samAna koI duHkha nahIM hai aura tyAga ke samAna koI sukha nahIM hai. OXO JainERA Namsary.org
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________________ Jain Educa muni nathamala : upaniSad, purANa aura mahAbhArata meM zramaNasaMskRti kA svara : 577 AtmanyevAtmanA jAta AtmaniSTho'prajA'cipA, Atmanyeva bhaviSyAmi na mAM tArayati prajA. maiM saMtAna rahita hone para bhI AtmA meM hI AtmA dvArA utpanna huA hUM aura AtmA meM hI sthita hUM. Age bhI AtmA meM hI lIna ho jAUMgA. santAna mujhe pAra nahIM utAregI. naitAdRzaM brAhmaNasyAsti vittaM yathaikatA samatA satyatAca, zIsthiti nidhAnamAcaM tatastataraceparamaH kriyAbhyaH, paramAtmA ke sAtha ekatA tathA samatA, satya bhASaNa, sadAcAra, brahmaniSThA daNDa kA parityAga (ahiMsA), saralatA tathA saba prakAra ke sakAma karmoM se uparati inake samAna brAhmaNa ke liye dUsarA koI dhana nahIM hai. - brAhmaNa deva pitA ! jaba Apa eka dina mara hI jAyeMge to Apako isa dhana se kyA lenA hai athavA bhAI-bandhuoM se ApakA kyA kAma hai tathA strI Adi se Apa kA kauna sA prayojana siddha hone vAlA hai. Apa apane hRdayarUpI guphA meM sthita hue paramAtmA ko khojie, socie to sahI Apake pitA aura pitAmaha kahAM cale gae ?" vaidika vicAradhArA vaha hai, jo zloka meM pitA ne putra se kahI. manusmRti se bhI isI tathya kI puSTi hotI hai. vahAM likhA hai-- jo brAhmaNa veda par3he binA santAna utpatti kie binA tathA yajJoM kA anuSThAna kie (RSi RNa, pitRRNa aura deva RNa se uRNa hue) binA saMnyAsa dhAraNa kI icchA karatA hai, vaha nIca gati ko prApta hotA hai. isa mAnyatA ke viparIta medhAvI ne apane pitA se kahA vaha avaidika vicAradhArA hai. vaha zramaNa-vicAra dhArA kA maMtavya hai. 3 paurANika dharma kRSNa ke vyaktitva ko kendra-bindu mAnakara vikasita huA hai. kRSNa kA dharma vaidika siddhAntoM se bhinna thA. . kRSNa kA vyaktitva utpatti se avaidika thA. aise abhimata ko pUrvapakSa ke rUpa meM uddhRta karate hue lakSmaNa zAstrI ne likhA hai. 'paurANika dharma kI eka vizeSatA yaha hai ki usake mukAbale meM yajJa-saMsthA ekadama pichar3a gaI. bhAgavata-dharma meM vedavihita yajJoM ko doSapUrNa batalAyA gayA hai, unakI nindA kI gaI hai. isake AdhAra para itihAsa ke kaI paNDita yaha siddha karane kA prayatna karate haiM ki paurANika saMskRti tathA vedoM kI saMskRti meM virodha hai aura paurANika dharma vAstava meM avaidikoM ke vedapUrva kAla se calate Ae dharma kI vaha navIna vyavasthA hai jise vaidikoM ne bar3e samanvaya pUrvaka taiyAra kiyA hai. upapatti ko sindha prAnta meM utkhanana meM pAe gae tIna hajAra varNoM ke pUrvavartI sAMskRtika avazeSoM se puSTi milatI hai. yaha anumAna kiyA hai ki usa unnata saMskRti ke logoM meM yoga-vidyA tathA liMgarUpa ziva kI pUjA to avazya vidyamAna thI, parantu unameM vedoM kI yAjJika yAne yajJa para AdhArita saMskRti nahIM thI. isa anumAna ke liye paryApta sAmagrI isa utkhanana meM pAI gaI hai. dhyAnastha ziva kI mUrti tathA pUjanIya zizna- samAna liMga vahAM upalabdha hue haiM. 5 mArkaNDeya purANa meM bhI pitA aura putra kA saMvAda hai. pitA nAma bhArgava hai aura putra kA nAma hai sumati. bhArgava ne se kahA - 'putra ! pahale vedoM ko par3ho, guru suzrUSA meM saMlagna raho, bhikSAnna khAo, phira gRhastha bano, yajJa karo, santAna utpanna karo, banavAsI bano phira parivrAjaka- - isa krama se brahma kI prApti karo'. 6 1. mahAbhArata zAntiparva adhyAya 175 zloka 5-14, 36. 31-38. 2. manusmRti 6-37. anadhItya dvijo vedAn anutpAdya tathA sutAn, aniSTvA caiva yazca mokSa micchan vrajatyadhaH | 3. uttarAdhyayana 14. 4. jarnala Apha oriyanTala insTITyUTa, bhAga 12. bhAga naM0 3, pRSTha 232-237. 5. vaidika saMskRti kA vikAsa pRSTha 154-55 (sAhitya ekAdamI dillI kI ora se hindI grantha ratnAkara prA0 li0 dvArA prakAzita ). 6. mArkaNDeya purANa, adhyAya 10, zloka 10-13 (zrI veMkaTezvara mudraNAlaya, bambaI). jawnary.org
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________________ 578 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya pitA kI vANI suna sumati kucha nahIM bolA. pitA ne apanI bAta ko bAra-bAra doharAyA, taba sumati muskAna bharate hue bolA -'pitA, Apane jo upadeza diyA, usakA meM bahuta bAra abhyAsa kara cukA hUM, aneka zAstroM aura zilpoM kA bhI maiMne abhyAsa kiyA hai. mujhe mere aneka pUrva-janmoM kI smRti ho rahI hai. mujhe jJAnabodha utpanna ho gayA haiM. mujhe vedoM se koI prayojana nahIM hai. maiMne aneka mAtA-pitA kiye hai." saMsAra parivartana ke lambe varNana ke bAda sumati ne kahA--'pitA ! saMsAra-cakra meM bhramaNa karate-karate mujhe aba mokSa prApti karAne vAlA jJAna mila gayA hai. use jAna lene para yaha sArA Rga, yajuH aura sAma saMhitA kA kriyA-kalApa mujhe viguNa sA laga rahA hai. vaha mujhe samyak pratibhAsita nahIM ho rahA hai. bodha utpanna ho gayA hai. tra guru-vijJAna se tRpta aura nirIha ho gayA hUM. mukhe vedoM se koI prayojana nahIM. pitA ! maiM kipAka phala ke samAna isa adharmADhya-trayIdharma (Rg yajuH, sAma-dharma) ko chor3akara paramapada kI prApti ke liye jAUMgA.2 pitA ne pUchA : putra ! yaha jJAna tujhe kaise sambhava huA? sumati ne kahA-'pitA meM pUrvajanma meM paramAtmalIna brAhmaNa saMnyAsI thA. Atma-vidyA meM mujhe parAniSThA prApta thI. maiM AcArya huA. anta meM marate samaya mujhe pramAda ho AyA. eka varSa kA hote-hote mujhe pUrva-janma kI smRti ho AI. mujhe jo jAti smaraNa jJAna huA hai, use trayI-dharma kA Azraya lene vAle nahIM pA sakate.'3 yajJa solaha Rtvika, yajamAna aura usakI patnI-ye aThAraha yajJa ke sAdhana haiM. ye saba nikRSTa karma ke Azrita aura vinAzI haiM. jo mUr3ha 'yahI zreya hai' isa prakAra inakA abhinandana karate haiM, ve bAra-bAra jarA-maraNa ko prApta hote rahate haiM.4 / / yajJa saMkhyA kI upayogitA ke prati sandeha kI bhAvanA AraNyaka kAla meM bhI utpanna ho gaI thI. tattvajJAnI ke liye AdhyAtmika yajJa kA vidhAna hone lagA thA. tattarIya AraNyaka meM likhA hai : 'brahma kA sAkSAtkAra pAne vAle vidvAn saMnyAsI ke liye yajJa kA yajamAna AtmA hai. antaHkaraNa kI zraddhA patnI hai. zarIra samidhA hai. hRdaya vedi hai. manyu-krodha pazu hai. tapa agni hai aura dama dakSiNA hai.5 ye svara itihAsa ke usa kAla meM prabala hue the, jaba zramaNa vicAra-dhArA karmakANDa ko Atma-vidyA se prabhAvita kara rahI thI. 1. vahI, zloka 14-26 2. mArkaNDeya purANa, adhyAya 10, zloka 27-28,32. evaM saMsAracakresminbhramatA tAta ! saMkaTe / jJAna metanmayA prAptaM, mokSa-samprApti kArakam / vijJAte yatra sarvoyaM, Rg yajuH sAma saMhitA / kriyA kalApo viguNo, na samyak pratibhAtime / tasmAd yAsyAmyaha tAtaH. tyaktavemAM du:khasantatim / trayI-dharma madharmADhaya. kiMpAkaphalasannibham / 3. mArkaNDeya purANa, adhyAya 10, zloka 34-42. jJAnadAna phalaM hyetad, yajjAti ramaNaM mama / nahya tat prApyate tAta ! trayIdharmAzritairnaraH / 42 / 4. muNDakopaniSad 1217, pRSTha 38. 5. taittarIya AraNyaka prapAThaka 10, anuvAka 64, bhAga 2 pRSTha 776. . 0 HINDI Jain Education Joinemirary.org