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________________ tyAgI-saMsthA pratyeka samAjameM tyAgI saMsthA vaidika, bauddha, sikkha, pArasI, jaina Adi Arya jAtike samAja lIjie, yA musalamAna krizciyana, konaphyuzyasa Adi Aryetara jAtike samAja lIjie, yA bhIla, kolI, saMthAla Adi jaMgalI yA asaMskRta jAtiyoMke samAja lIjie, sabameM dharmapaMtha haiM aura pratyeka dharmapaMthameM kisI na kisI prakArakI tyAgI-saMsthA bhI hai| isalie manuSyajAtike astitva aura vikAsake sAtha sAtha tyAgIsaMsthAkA astitva aura vikAsa bhI anivArya hai| sudhAra anivArya tyAgI-saMsthA eka vizeSa bhUmikA ke bAda udayameM AtI hai, usakA bharaNapoSaNa aura pravRtti kArya vizeSa saMyogoMmeM calatA hai| kabhI kabhI aise saMyoga bhI upasthita hote haiM ki usameM bhraSTAcAra adhika pramANameM praviSTa ho jAtA hai, upayogitAkI apekSA anupayogitAkA tattva bar3ha jAtA hai aura vaha gilaTI yA bakarIke galeke stana jaisI anupayogI bhI ho jAtI hai, taba usameM phira sudhAra zurU hotA hai| yadi sudhAraka adhika anubhavI aura dRr3ha hotA hai to vaha apane sudhArake dvArA usa saMsthAko bacA letA hai| isa taraha saMsthAkA astitva aura pravRtti, usameM vikAra aura sudhAra, kramazaH calate rahate haiN| kisI bhI samAja aura paMthakI tyAgI saMsthAkA itihAsa dekha lIjie vaha samaya samayapara sudhAra dAkhila kiye jAnepara hI jIvita raha sakI hai| buddha yA mahAvIra, jIsasa yA muhammada, zaMkara yA dayAnaMda samaya samayapara Ate rahate haiM aura apanI apanI prakRti, paristhiti aura samajhake anusAra parApUrvase
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________________ tyAgI saMsthA cale AnevAle samAjoMmeM sudhArakA prANa phUMkate haiM aura taba unakI tyAgIsaMsthAoMkA cakra Age calatA hai| samaya bItanepara usa takhtapara unake anugAmI yA pratispardhI rUpameM dUsare puruSa Ate haiM aura ve bhI apanI dRSTi ke anusAra parivartana karake saMsthAoMke kuMThita cakroMko vegavAn aura gatizIla banAte haiN| isalie hara eka saMsthAkA jIvana TikAU rakhaneke lie sudhAra anivArya hai| jisameM sudhAra yA parivartana nahIM hotA, usakA aMtameM nAza yA lopa ho jAtA hai| jagatameM kabhI kabhI aise vyakti utpanna hote haiM jinakI samagra buddhi, akhaMDa puruSArtha aura adabhuta lagana kisI tattvakI zodhake pIche athavA kisI kartavyake pAlanameM lage rahate haiM / ye vyakti deha dhAraNa aura poSaNake lie kucha jarUrI sAdhanoMkA upayoga karate haiM phira bhI unakI AturatA usa zodha aura kartavyapAlanakI ora honeke kAraNa unakI icchA aura dilacaspIkA viSaya mukhyataH vaha zodha aura vaha kartavya hI bana jAtA hai; aura pratyakSa rUpase dUsare sAdhAraNa manuSyoMkI taraha sAdhanoMkA upayoga karanepara bhI unakI icchA aura rasavRtti usa upayogakI ora nAma mAtra hI hotI hai| ina vyaktiyoM kA saMpUrNa lakSya aura icchA-bala sAdhyameM hI lagA rahatA hai, isalie unakA upabhoga kamase kama, kevala sAdhana jitanA, aura kisIko mArarUpa yA bAdhaka na ho utanA hI, hotA hai| ucca aura vizAla dhyeyakI sAdhanA aura rasavRttike kAraNa aise vyaktiyoMmeM vikAra, abhimAna, saMkucitatA Adi doSa sthAna nahIM pA sakate / isIlie aise vyaktiyoMkA jIvana svAbhAvika rUpase tyAga-maya hotA hai| aisI ekAdha vibhUtike kahIM prakaTa hote hI turanta usake tyAgakI zItala chAyAkA Azraya prApta karaneke lie bhoga-saMtapta prANI usake AsapAsa ikaTThe ho jAte haiM aura thor3e bahuta aMzoMmeM usakI sAdhanAkI ummedavArI karaneke lie bhItara yA bAharase thor3A bahuta tyAga svIkAra kara lete haiN| isa taraha kAla-kramase eka vyaktike viziSTa tyAgake prabhAvase ekatra hue janasamUhase eka saMsthAkA nirmANa hotA hai| isalie tyAgI-saMsthAke AvirbhAvakA mUla bIja to kisI mahAvibhUtike tyAgameM hI rahatA hai| tyAgI-saMsthAkA bIja - jaba kisI bhI saMsthAmeM ekase adhika vyakti ho jAte haiM taba usako apanA pAlana-poSaNa to karanA hI par3atA hai / parantu saMsthAke pAsa prAraMbhameM sAmAnya taurase
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________________ 130 dharma aura samAja koI saMpatti yA nizcita AmadanI nahIM hotI, isalie usakA pAlana-poSaNa kevala usakI pratiSThA se hotA hai aura pratiSThA sadguNoM aura janasamAjake lie upayogI -guNoMpara avalaMbita hai / sadguNoMkI khyAti aura lokajIvana ke lie upayogI hone kA vizvAsa jitane aMzameM adhika utane hI aMzameM usakI pratiSThA adhika aura jitane aMzameM pratiSThA adhika hotI hai utane hI aMzameM vaha logoM kI dAnavRttiko adhika jAgrata kara sakatI hai / pAlana-poSaNakA AdhAra mukhya rUpate pratiSThA aura pratiSThAjanita logoMkI dAnavRtti hai, isalie saMsthAko kucha niyamoMkA kartavya rUpase pAlana karanA par3atA hai| para una vrata niyamoM kA pAlana -karate karate dhIre dhIre vaha saMsthA niyamoMkA eka yaMtra bana jAtI hai / guNa aura doSa jJAna tyAgI saMsthA meM yadi kisI parivartanakA vicAra karanA ho, to usake guNa aura doSa taTastha rItise dekhane cAhie / usakA sabase pahalA aura mukhya guNa yaha hai ki vaha jisa mUla pravartaka puruSake kAraNa khar3I hotI hai, usake upadeza, aura jIvana- rahasyakI surakSA karatI hai| kevala rakSA hI nahIM, usake dvArA ukta upadeza AdimeM gaMbhIratAkA vikAsa hotA hai aura TIkA-vivecanadvArA eka vizAla aura mArmika sAhityakA nirmANa hotA hai / parantu sAtha hI usameM eka doSa bhI praviSTa hotA jAtA hai aura vaha hai svataMtra buddhi aura svataMtra puruSArthako kamI / saMsthA ke nirmANake sAtha hI usakA eka vidhAna bhI bana jAtA hai / isa vidhAna ke vartulameM jAne anajAne jisa niyama-cakrakI adhInatA meM rahanA par3atA hai usameM nirbhayatAkA guNa prAyaH daba jAtA hai aura vicAra, vANI tathA vartanameM bhayakA tatra praviSTa hotA hai / isase usake buddhizAlI aura puruSArthI sabhya bhI aksara saMsthAkA aMga honeke kAraNa apanI svataMtra buddhi aura svataMtra puruSArthakA vikAsa nahIM kara skte| unheM bAdhya hokara mUlapuruSake niyata mArgapara calanA par3atA hai, isalie ve bahuta bAra apanI buddhi aura puruSArthake dvArA svataMtra satyakI zodha karanemeM niSphala hote haiM / jahA~ saMkoca aura bhaya hai, vahA~ svataMtra buddhi aura svataMtra puruSArthake vikAsa honekI saMbhAvanA hI nahIM / yadi koI vaijJAnika -saMkucita aura bhayazIla vAtAvaraNameM rahatA hai, to vaha apanI svataMtra buddhi aura puruSArthakA yatheSTa upayoga nahIM kara sakatA | isalie zaktizAlI sabhya bhI tyAgI saMsthA meM vicAra aura jJAnaviSayaka kucha hissA bhale hI adA kara deM,
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________________ tyAgI-saMsthA 131 mUla puruSake sAhityameM bhI kucha vRddhi kara deM, parantu koI svataMtra zodha, mUla puruSake mArga aura saMsthAke vartulase bhinna, kara hI nahIM skte| hama kisI bhI saMsthAkA itihAsa dekheM to mAlUma hogA, ki usameM jo prasvara vyAkhyAkAra aura TIkAkAra hue haiM, unhoMne apanI TIkAoM aura vyAkhyAoMmeM mUla anthakI nirbhaya samAlocanA zAyada hI kI hai| __tyAgI saMsthAkA dUsarA guNa yaha hai, ki vaha logoMko mUlapuruSa aura usake anugAmI anya viziSTa puruSoMkI mahattAkA bhAna karAtI hai / logoMko aise puruSoMkA vizeSa paricaya mukhya rUpase unakI saMsthAke sabhyoMke dvArA hI milatA hai| yaha eka mahAn guNa hai, para isake sAtha hI sAtha eka mahAn doSa bhI praviSTa ho jAtA hai aura vaha hai abhimaan| aksara ye saMsthAyeM mUla puruSa aura usake anugAmI dUsare viziSTa puruSoMkA mahattva dekhane, vicArane aura kahane meM itanI adhika tallIna ho jAtI haiM ki unake vicAracakSu dUsare par3osI mahAn puruSoMkI mahattAkI ora zAyada hI jA pAte haiM / isIlie hama dekhate haiM ki ina tyAgI saMsthAoM ke buddhizAlI gine jAnevAle sabhya bhI dusarI saMsthAoMke mUla utpAdakoMke viSayameM athavA anya viziSTa puruSoM ke viSayameM kucha bhI nahIM jAnate, aura yadi kucha jAnate haiM to itanA hI ki hamAre mAnya aura abhISTa puruSoMke sivAya bAkIke saba adhUre aura truTipUrNa haiM / unameM udAratAse dekhane aura nirbhaya parIkSA karanekI zakti zAyada hI raha jAtI hai| isa vAtAvaraNameM eka tarahake abhimAnakA poSaNa hotA hai, isalie unakI apanI saMsthAke sivAya dUsarI kisI bhI saMsthAke asAdhAraNa puruSoMkI ora mAna aura AdarakI dRSTise dekhanekI vRtti unameM zAyada hI rahatI hai| hajarata IsAkA anugAmI kRSNameM aura buddhakA anugAmI mahAvIra meM vizeSatA dekhanekI vRtti kho baiThatA hai| yahI abhimAna Age bar3hakara do tyAgI saMsthAoMke bIca bheda khar3A kara detA hai aura eka dUsareke bIca tiraskAra aura doSadarzanakI buddhi jAgrata karatA hai; pariNAmasvarUpa koI bhI do saMsthAoMke sabhya paraspara saccI ekatA siddha nahIM kara sakate / aisI ekatA sAdhaneke lie unheM apanI apanI saMsthA chor3aneke lie bAdhya honA par3atA hai| yaha mithyA abhimAna vibhinna saMsthAoMke sabhyoMke bIca aMtara khar3A karake hI zAnta nahIM raha jAtA, balki aura Age bar3hatA hai / aura phira eka hI saMsthAke anugAmI mukhya mukhya AcAryoM
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________________ 132 dharma aura samAja aura upadezakoMke bIca bhI choTe-bar3ekI bhAvanA paidA karatA hai, phalasvarUpa eka AcArya yA eka vidvAn apanI hI saMsthAke dUsare AcArya yA dUsare vidvAnke sAtha bilakula nizchala bhAva yA svatantratAse hilamila nahIM sktaa| isa taraha prAraMbhameM bhinna bhinna saMsthAoMke bIca mela karanemeM mithyA abhimAna sAmane AtA hai aura bAdameM kramazaH eka hI saMsthAke zaktizAlI mukhiyoMke bIca bhI saMdhAna nahIM rakha sakatA, unameMse vinaya aura namratA jaisI vastu hI lagabhaga calI jAtI hai / jaba eka jaina AcArya dUsare jaina AcAryake hI sAtha ekarasa nahIM ho sakatA, taba zaMkarAcArya, bauddha AcArya, yA kisI pAdarI, yA maulavIke sAtha kisa taraha ho sakegA ? isa aMtarakA kAraNa hU~r3hanepara hama sAMpradAyikatAkI saMkucita bhAvanAke pradezameM jA pahuMcate haiN| tyAgI-saMsthAkA tIsarA guNa usake sabhyoMmeM tyAgakA vikAsa karanA, logoMmeM dAnavRtti jagAnA yA vikAsa karanA batalAyA jAtA hai / saMsthAke sabhyake lie saMcaya karane jaisI koI vastu nahIM hotI, unheM byAhakA baMdhana bhI nahIM hotA, isalie unameM saMtoSa aura tyAgakI vRtti icchA yA anicchAse surakSita rahatI aura vikasita hotI hai| isI taraha isa saMsthAke nirvAhakI cintA logoMmeM dAnavRtti prakaTa karatI aura usakA vikAsa karatI hai| isalie aisI saMsthAoMse viziSTa vyaktiyoMmeM tyAgakA aura sAdhAraNa logoMmeM dAnavRttikA poSaNa hotA hai| isa taraha isa saMsthAse doharA lAbha hai| para sUkSmatAse vicAra karanepara isa lAbhake pIche mahAn doSa bhI chupA rahatA hai| vaha doSa hai Alasa, kRtrima jIvana aura parAzraya / tyAgI-saMsthAke saba niyama tyAga-lakSI hote hai / niyamoMko svIkAra karanevAlA koI bhI vyakti saMsthAmeM praviSTa ho sakatA hai| para sabhI praviSTa honevAle sacce tyAgI banakara nahIM aate| unheM tyAga to pasaMda hotA hai, parantu prAraMbhameM taiyAra suvidhA milanese, usa suvidhAke lie kisI tarahakA zArIrika parizrama na honese aura manuSya-svabhAvakI durbalatAse dhIre dhIre vaha AbhyaMtarika tyAga kho jAtA hai| eka ora bAdhya hokara anicchApUrvaka tyAgalakSI dikhanevAle niyamoMke vazavartI honA par3atA hai aura dUsarI ora taiyAra milanevAlI suvidhAse AlasakA poSaNa honeke kAraNa dUsaroMkI dAnavRttike Upara apanI bhogavRtti saMtuSTa karanI par3atI hai / isa taraha eka ora sacce tyAgake binA tyAgI dikhAnekA prayatna karanA par3atA hai aura dUsarI ora
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________________ syAgI saMsthA 133 zarIra-zramase prApta kiye hue sAdhanoMke binA hI bhogavRtti saMtuSTa karanI par3atI hai / isakA pariNAma yaha hotA hai ki tyAgI-saMsthAke sabhyakA jIvana kRtrima aura beDaula ho jAtA hai / ve karma-pravRtti aura parizramakA tyAga karake tyAgI kahalAte haiM; parantu dUsaroMke karma, dUsaroMkI pravRtti aura dUsaroMke parizramakA tyAga bilakula nahIM kara skte| aisI sthiti meM unheM logoMkI dAnavRtti bahuta jagAnI par3atI hai / dAnake lAbha aura yazogAnase paripUrNa eka vipula sAhityakA nirmANa / hotA hai / isake kAraNa azoka aura harSavardhana jaise rAjA apane bhaNDAra khAlI karate haiM aura maThoM, vihAroM aura caityoMmeM pracura AmadanIkA pravAha jArI rakhaneke lie dhanika dAtAoMkI orase dAnapatra utkIrNa kiye jAte haiN| jaise jaise dAnakI mahimA bar3hatI hai vaise vaise dAtA bhI bar3hate haiM aura tyAgI-saMsthAkA vistAra bhI hotA hai / jaise jaise vistAra hotA hai vaise vaise Alasa aura parAzraya bar3hatA hai| isa taraha eka bar3e vargako samagra rUpase dUsare vargake Upara nimanA par3atA hai| sUkSmatAse dekhane aura vicAra karanepara mAlUma hotA hai ki tyAgI gane jAnevAloMkI AvazyakatAe~ bhogI vargakI apekSA zAyada hI kama ho / bahutase udAharaNoM meM to ulaTI adhika hotI haiN| eka varga yadi apane bhogoM meM jarA bhI kamI nahIM karatA hai aura unheM prApta karaneke lie svayaM zrama bhI nahIM karatA hai, to svAbhAvika rUpase usakA bhAra dUsare zramajIvI vargapara par3atA hai| isalie jitane parimANameM eka varga AlasI aura svazramahIna hotA hai, utane hI parimANameM dUsare vargapara zramakA bhAra bar3ha jAtA hai / dAnavRttipara nibhanese jisa prakAra AlasakA praveza hotA hai aura tyAgakI oTameM bhoga poSA jAtA hai, usI taraha eka bhArI kSudratA bhI AtI hai| jaba eka tyAgI dAnakI mahattAkA varNana karatA hai taba vaha sIdhe yA ghumA phirAkara logoMke dila meM yaha ThasAnekA prayatna karatA hai ki usakI saMsthA hI vizeSa dAnapAtra hai aura aksara vaha kSudratA isa sImA taka pahu~ca jAtI hai, ki usakI yuktiyoMke anusAra use chor3akara dUsare kisI vyaktiko dAna denese paripUrNa phala nahIM milatA / isa taraha ina saMsthAoMke dvArA tyAga aura dAnavRttike badale vastutaH akarmaNyatA, kSudratA aura lobha-lAlacakA poSaNa hotA hai| tyAgI jIvana meM kamAne aura ur3AnekI ciMtA na honese vaha kisI bhI kSetra meM, kisI bhI samaya, kisI bhI tarahakI lokasevAke lie svatantra raha sakatA hai|
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________________ 134 dharma aura samAna isake sivAya usake pAsa jJAna aura zikSAke kisI bhI pradezameM kAma karane lAyaka zakti vyartha par3I rahatI hai| use apane jIvana meM sadguNoMkA vikAsa karane aura logoMmeM unheM praviSTa karAnekI bhI pUrI saralatA hotI hai / ise tyAgI saMsthAkA eka bar3ese bar3A guNa ginA jA sakatA hai| paraMtu tyAgIke jIvana meM eka aisI cIja dAkhila ho jAtI hai ki jisake kAraNa ina guNoM ke vikAsakI bAta to eka ora dharI raha jAtI hai, usakI jagaha kaI mahAn doSa A jAte haiN| vaha cIz2a hai anuttaradAyitvapUrNa jIvana / sAmAnya rUpase to tyAgI kahe aura mAne jAnevAle sabhI vyakti anuttaradAyI hote haiN| bahuta bAra aisA AbhAsa to hotA hai ki ye loga jisa saMsthAke aMga hote haiM usake prati athavA guru Adi vRddhajanoMke prati uttaradAyI hote haiM paraMtu kucha gahare utara kara dekhanepara spaSTa mAlUma hotA hai ki unakA yaha uttaradAyitvapUrNa jIvana nAma mAtrako hI hotA hai / unakA na to jJAnaprerita uttaradAyitvapUrNa jIvana hotA hai aura na mohaprerita / yadi koI gRhastha samayapara kAma nahIM karatA hai, dharohara rakhanevAle yA sahAyatA pahu~cAnevAleko ucita javAba nahIM detA hai, yA kisIke sAtha acchA bartAva nahIM karatA hai. to usakI na to zAkha baiMdhatI hai, na nirvAha hotA hai, na rupaye milate haiM aura na use koI kanyA hI detA hai| paraMtu tyAgI to nirmohI kahalAte haiM, isalie ve aisI mohajanita jimmedArI apane sirapara leneke lie kyoM taiyAra hoM ? aba bacI jJAna prerita jimmedArI, soye tyAgI apanA jitanA samaya barbAda karate haiM, jitanI zakti vyartha khote haiM aura bhaktoM tathA anugAmiyoMkI orase prApta suvidhAko jitanA naSTa karate haiM, vaha jJAnaprerita jimmedArI hone para jarA bhI saMbhava nahIM hai| jisameM jJAnaprerita jimmedArI hotI hai vaha eka bhI kSaNa vyartha nahIM kho sakatA, apanI thor3I-sI bhI zaktike upayogako viruddha dizAmeM jAte sahana nahIM kara sakatA aura kisI dUsareke dvArA prApta huI suvidhAkA upayoga to use ciMtAgrasta kara detA hai| paraMtu hama tyAgI-saMsthAmeM yaha vastu sAmAnya rUpase nahIM dekha sakate / anuttaradAyitva pUrNa jIvanake kAraNa unameM anAcArakA eka mahAn doSa praviSTa ho jAtA hai / sau gRhastha aura sau tyAgiyoMkA Antarika jIvana dekhA jAya, to gRhasthoMkI apekSA tyAgiyoMke jIvanameM hI adhika bhraSTAcAra milegA / gRhasthoM meM to anAcAra parimita hotA hai, parantu tyAgiyoMmeM aparimita /
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________________ tyAgI-saMsthA 135 ve ramate rAma hote haiM aura jahA~ tahA~ apane AcaraNakI chUta lagAte phirate haiM / isalie logoMmeM unake dvArA sadguNoMke badale doSoMkA hI poSaNa hotA hai| tyAgI-saMsthAko apanA nirvAha karaneke lie lokazraddhApara hI Azrita rahanA par3atA hai aura usake Thosa na honeke kAraNa logoMko jAne anajAne vahama, aura andhazraddhAkA poSaNa karane ke lie bAdhya honA par3atA hai| isa taraha isa. nizcinta aura ve jimmedAra jIvanameM doSoMkI paraMparA calatI rahatI hai / upAya tyAgI saMsthAmeM guNoMkA pramANa kama honepara bhI yadi doSa dUra kiye jA sakate haiM aura guNoMkA pramANa bar3hAyA jA sakatA hai, to bilakula naSTa karane kI apekSA usameM yogya parivartana karanA ThIka hogaa| aba yaha dekhanA cAhie ki yaha saba kaise ho sakatA hai ? manuSya apane anubhava aura buddhike anusAra hI rAstA batA sakatA hai aura yadi usakI apekSA koI acchA rAstA anubhavameM A jAya athavA use koI batalAnevAlA mila jAya, to usa rAstepara jamakara baiTha rahanekA Agraha bhI nahIM rkhtaa| aba to isakA parivartana sevaka-. saMsthAmeM honA cAhie / tyAgakA asalI artha vismRta ho jAne aura tyAgIko milanevAlI suvidhAmeM usakA sthAna daba jAneke kAraNa, jaba koI tyAgI bhaktoMmeM, logoMmeM, samAjameM yA kisI sthalapara jAtA hai, taba vaha apaneko sabakA guru mAna kara Adara-satkAra aura mAna-pratiSThAkI AkAMkSA rakhatA hai| yaha AkAMkSA use ghamaMDI banA detI hai aura rAjagaddIke vArisa rAjakumArakI taraha use sAdhAraNa logoMse namratApUrvaka milanese rokatI hai / isalie hara eka tyAgIsaMsthAko aba sevaka-saMsthA bana jAnA cAhie, jisakA hara eka sabhya apaneko tyAgI nahIM, sevaka samajhe aura dUsaroMke dilameM bhI yaha bhAvanA ThasA de| loga bhI use sevaka hI samajheM, guru nhiiN| apaneko sevaka mAnanepara aura apane vyavahArake dvArA bhI dUsaroMke sAmane sevaka rUpase hAjira honepara abhimAnakA bhAva apane Apa naSTa ho jAtA hai, tathA logoMke kaMdhoM yA sirapara car3hanekA prazna na rahanese bhogakA parimANa bhI apane Apa kama ho jAtA hai aura parimANake kama honepara dUsare aneka doSa bar3hate hue ruka jAte haiN| isa bAtameM koI tathya nahIM ki svazramase nirvAhayogya arjana karanese samayAbhAvake kAraNa kama sevA hogii| hisAba lagAkara dekhanepara svazramase dUsaroMkI adhika hI sevA hogii| apanA
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________________ 136 dharma aura samAja bhAra dUsaroMpara nahIM lAdanA, yaha kucha kama sevA nahIM hai| sevakakI AvazyakatA dUsaroM kI apekSA kama hotI hai, use nirvAhayogya arjana karanemeM apanA sArA samaya nahIM lagAnA par3atA, isalie usake lie bacA huA thor3A-sA samaya bhI adhika kImatI hotA hai, aura ise koI bilakula choTI sevA nahIM kaha sakatA ki unake dvArA logoMko jAtamehanata ( svAvalambana) aura sAdagIkA padArthapATha milatA hai / isalie tyAgI saMsthAkA sArA parivartana svazrama se nirvAha karane kI nIMva para honA cAhie / tyAgI honekI yogyatAkI pahalI zarta svazrama hI honA cAhie, na ki dAnavRttipara nibhanA / aura apaneko sevaka rUpase pahacAna -karAne meM use kisI saMkoca yA lajjAkA anubhava na karanA cAhie / parivartanakI nIMva tyAgI saMsthAko kevala sevaka-saMsthA nAma de denese adhika parivartana nahIM ho sakatA aura thor3A bahuta parivartana ho jAnepara bhI usameM doSoM kA AnA nahIM ruka sakatA / isake lie to tatvameM hI parivartana honA cAhie / Aja lagabhaga sabhI tyAgI saMsthAe~ sacce uttaradAyitvase rahita haiM aura usake kAraNa hI ve vyartha athavA hAnikara ho gaI haiN| isalie usameM sevaka nAmake sAtha uttara- dAyitvakA tattva bhI praviSTa honA cAhie aura yaha svazramase nirvAha karanekA uttaradAyitva jahA~ jIvana meM praviSTa huA vahA~ dUsaroMkI suvidhAkA upabhoga karane ke badale AvazyakatA par3ane para logoMkI pagacaMpI taka karanekA apane Apa mana ho jAyagA aura loga bhI usake pAsase aisI sevA svIkAra karate samaya hicakicAhaTakA anubhava nahIM kareMge / tyAgakA artha samajhA jAtA hai ghara- kuTuMbAdi * chor3akara alaga ho jaanaa| itanA karate hI vaha apaneko tyAgI mAna letA hai aura dUsare bhI use tyAgI samajha baiThate haiM / paraMtu tyAgake pIche saccA kartavya kyA hai ise na to vaha khuda dekhatA hai aura na loga dekhate haiM, jaba ki sevAmeM isase ulaTA hai / sevAkA artha kisIkA tyAga nahIM kintu sabake saMbandhakI rakSA - karanA aura isa rakSA meM dUsaroMkI zakti aura suvidhAkA upayoga karanekI apekSA apanI hI zakti, caturAI aura suvidhAkA dUsaroMke lie upayoga karanA hai / sevA kiye vinA sevaka kahalAnese loga usase javAba talaba kareMge, isalie vahA~ adhika pola nahIM cala sakegI /
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________________ tyAgI-saMsthA 137 sevaka saMsthAkA vidhAna (1) sevaka-saMsthA praviSTa honevAlA sabhya--strI yA puruSa vivAhita ho yA 'avivAhita--use brahmacaryapUrvaka jIvana bitAnA cAhie / (2) hara eka sabhyako apanI AvazyakatAnusAra svazramase hI paidA karane vAlA aura svazrama karaneke lie taiyAra honA cAhie / (3) hara eka sabhyako apane samaya aura kAma-kAjake viSayameM saMsthAke vyavasthApaka-maNDalakI adhInatAmeM rahanA caahie| vaha apane pratyeka kSaNakA hisAba isa maMDalake sAmane rakhane ke lie ba~dhA huA honA cAhie / (4) kamase kama dinake dasa ghaMTe kAma karaneke lie baMdhe hue honA cAhie, jinameM ki usake nirvAhayogya svazramakA samAveza hotA hai| (5) ruci, zakti aura paristhiti dekhakara kAryavAhaka maMDala use jisa kAmake lie pasaMda kare, usIko pUrA karaneke lie taiyAra rahanA caahie| (6) vaha apane kisI bhI mitra, bhakta yA snehIkI kisI bhI tarahakI bheTa khuda nahIM le, yadi kucha mile to use kAryavAhaka maMDalako sauMpaneke lie pratijJAbaddha rahe aura bImArI yA lAcArIke samaya maMDala usakA nivAha kre| (7) jaba tyAga aura apanI icchAnusAra jIvana vyatIta karanekI vRtti kama ho jAya taba vaha kAryavAhaka maMDalase chuTTI lekara alaga ho sake, phira bhI jaba taka usakA naitika jIvana barAbara ho taba taka usakI tyAgI aura sevakake samAna hI pratiSThA kI jAya / (8) jo sabhya kleza aura kalaha karatA ho vaha khuda hI saMsthAse alaga ho jAya, nahIM to maMDalakI sUcanAnusAra vaha mukta honeke lie ba~dhA huA hai / (9) koI bhI saMsthA apaneko U~cI aura dUsarIko nIcI yA halakI na kahe; saba apanI apanI samajha aura rItike anusAra kAma karate jAya aura dUsarokI ora Adara-vRttikA vikAsa kreN| (10) samaya samayapara eka saMsthAke sabhya dUsarI saMsthAmeM jAya~ aura vahA~ke viziSTa anubhavoMkA lAbha lekara unheM apanI saMsthAmeM dAkhila kreN| isa taraha bhinna minna saMsthAoMke bIca bhedake tattvakA praveza rokakara eka dUsareke adhika nikaTa A jaaveN|
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________________ 138 ekAnta tyAgakI rakSA paraMtu yahA~para prazna abhI taka jo kucha vicAra kiyA gayA hai vaha tyAgako sakriya sevAyukta athavA tyAgI saMsthAko vizeSa upayogI banAneke lie / hotA hai ki jisa tyAgameM pratyakSa sevAkA samAveza to nahIM hotA, phira bhI vaha saccA hotA hai usa ekAnta tyAgakI rakSA zakya hai yA nahIM ? aura yadi zakya hai to kisa taraha ? kyoM ki jaba saba tyAgiyoMke lie sevAkA vidhAna anivArya ho jAtA hai taba hara eka tyAgIke lie lokasamudAya meM rahane aura usameM hilane-milane tathA apanevara kAmakI jimmedArI lenekI avazyakatA ho jAtI hai| aisA honepara ekAnta tyAga jaisI vastuke lie AvakAza hI kahA~ rahatA hai ? yaha to nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki aise tyAgakI jarUrata hI kyA hai ? kyoMki yadi kisImeM sacamucakA tyAga hotA hai aura usa tyAgake dvArA vaha vyakti kisI zodhameM lagA hotA hai, to kyA usa tyAgake dvArA kisI mahAn pariNAma ke AnekI saMbhAvanA hai ? uttara itanA hI hai ki manuSya jAtiko aise ekAnta tyAgakI bhI jarUrata hai aura isa tyAgakI rakSA bhI zakya hai| aise tyAgako Upara ke vidhAnoMse tathA vyavasthAke niyamoMse kucha bhI bAdhA nahIM pahu~catI; kyoMki saMsthAmeM rahanevAle sabhyoMke tyAgameM aura aise tyAgameM mahAn aMtara hotA hai / ekAnta tyAgameM jJAnaprerita uttara dAyitva honese usameM doSa ke lie bilakula avakAza nahI hai aura yadi bhUla cUkase kisI doSakI saMbhAvanA ho bhI, to usake lie kisIkI apekSA adhika sAvadhAnI to usa tyAgako svIkAra karanevAlekI hotI hai / isalie aise ekAnta tyAgako bAhya niyamanako kucha jarUrata nahIM rahatI / ulaTA aisA tyAga dhAraNa karanevAlA cAhe vaha buddha ho yA mahAvIra, manuSya jAti aura prANImAtrake kalyANakI zodhake pIche niraMtara lagA rahatA hai / usako apanI sAghanAmeM lokAzrayakI apekSA jaMgalakA Azraya hI adhika sahAyaka siddha hotA hai aura sAdhanA samApta hote hI vaha usakA pariNAma logoMke samakSa rakhane ke lie tatpara hotA hai / isalie jo ekAnta tyAgakI zakti rakhate haiM unake lie to unakA antarAtmA hI sabase bar3A niyantA hai / isalie isa parivartana aura isa vidhAnake niyamoMke kAraNa aise ekAnta tyAga aura usake pariNAmako kisI bhI taraha kI. bAdhA nahIM pahu~catI / sAdhAraNa AdamI jo ki ekAnta tyAga aura pUrNa tyAgakA dharma aura samAja 1
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________________ tyAgI saMsthA 139 svarUpa nahIM samajhate aura apane Upara kisI bhI tarahakA niyaMtraNa Anepara asaMtuSTa hote haiM, aneka vAra tarka karate haiM ki yadi svazrama aura dUsare aneka jimmedArIke niyamana lAde jAyeMge, to buddha aura mahAvIra jaise tyAgI kisa taraha hoMge aura jagatako kauna apanI mahAn zodhakI virAsata saupeMgA ? unheM samajhanA cAhie ki AjakalakA jagat hajAroM varSa pahalekA jagat nahIM hai / / AjakA saMsAra aneka taraha ke anubhava prApta kara cukA hai, usane apanI zodhake bAda yaha bhalI bhA~ti dekha liyA hai ki jIvanakI zuddhi aura jJAnakI zodha karanemeM svazrama yA jimmedArIke baMdhana bAdhaka nahIM hote| yadi ve bAdhaka hote to isa jagatameM jo saikar3oM adbhuta vaijJAnika aura zodhaka hue haiM, aura gA~dhIjI jaise nararatna hae haiM, ve kabhI na hote| ekAnta tyAgIko saMsthAkI suvidhA athavA logoMkI sevA lenekI bhI bhUkha yA tRSNA nahIM hotii| vaha to Apa-bala aura sarvasva tyAgake Upara hI jUjhatA hai| isalie yadi aisA koI virala vyakti hogA to vaha apane Apa hI apanA mArga DhU~r3ha legaa| usake lie kisI bhI tarahakA vidhAna yA niyama vyartha hai| vaisA AdamI to svayaM hI niyamarUpa hotA hai / aneka bAra use dUsaroMkA mArgadarzana, dUsaroMkI madada aura dUsaroMkA niyamana asahya ho jAtA hai| jaise usake lie bAhya niyaMtraNa bAdhaka hotA hai, usI taraha sAdhAraNa koTike tyAgI ummedavAroMko bAhyaH niyaMtraNa aura mArgadarzanakA abhAva bAdhaka hotA hai| isalie ina donoMke mArga bhinna haiM / ekake lie jo sAdhaka hai vahI dUsareke lie bAdhaka / isalie prastuta vicAra kebala lokAzrita tyAgI-saMsthA taka hI sImita hai| jaina tyAgI-saMsthA aura svazrama dUsarI kisI bhI tyAgI saMsthAkI apekSA jaina-tyAgI saMsthA apaneko adhika tyAgI aura unnata mAnatI hai aura dUsare bhI aisA hI samajhate haiM / isalie use hI sabase pahale aura sabase adhika yaha svazramakA siddhAnta apanAnA cAhie / yaha prastAva aura yaha vicAra anekoMko kevala AzcaryAnvita hI nahIM karegA, unake hRdayameM krodha aura Aveza bhI utpanna kara sakatA hai| kyoMki paraMparAse unheM isa bhAvanAkI virAsata milI hai aura ve prAmANika rUpase yaha mAnate haiM ki jainaH sAdhu duniyAse para hai, usakA kevala AdhyAtmika jIvana hai, aura sAre hI
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________________ 140 dharma aura samAja kAma kAja aura udyoga baMdhanakAraka honese usake lie tyAjya haiN| isalie jaina sAdhupara svazramakA siddhAnta kisa taraha lAgU ho sakatA hai ? siddhAntake lAgU karane para usakA AdhyAtmika jIvana, usakA saMsAratyAga, aura usakA nilepatva kisa taraha surakSita raha sakatA hai ? aisI baMkA honA sahaja hai| parantu prAcIna jainaparaMparA, jaina tyAgakA marma, jaina zAstra, jaina itihAsa tathA Adhunika dezakAlake saMyoga aura sAdhu samAbakI sthitipara vicAra karaneke bAda mujhe spaSTa lagatA hai ki svazramakA tattva Upara Uparase dekhanepara bhale hI viruddha lagatA ho, phira bhI tatva dRSTise usakA jaina-tyAga aura jaina-siddhAntake sAtha saMpUrNa rUpase mela baiTha jAtA hai| kyA koI yaha dAvA kara sakatA hai ki AjakalakA jaina sAdhu-samAja AdhyAtmika hai ? yadi vaha AdhyAtmika hai, to kyA isa samAjameM dUsare samAjoMkI apekSA adhika kleza, kalaha, pakSApakSI, tucchatA, abhimAna, svArtha aura Darapokapana, ityAdi doSa nibha sakate ? kyA koI yaha siddha karanekA -sAhasa karatA hai ki AjakalakA jaina sAdhu dezakAlako jAnanevAlA aura vyavahArakuzala hai ? yadi aisA hai to hajAroMkI saMkhyAmeM sAdhuoMke honepara bhI jainasamAja pichar3A huA kyoM hai ? aura svayaM sAdhu loga eka tuccha vyaktikI taraha sirpha bhaloMkI dayApara kyoM jIvita haiM ? itane bar3e sAdhusamAjako rakhanevAlA aura usakA bhaktipUrvaka pAlana poSaNa karanevAlA jaina samAja saMgaThana yA Arogya, sAhityapracAra yA sAhityarakSA, zikSaNa yA udyoga, sAmAjika sudhAra yA rAjanIti Adi bAtoMmeM sabase pIche kyoM hai ? saca to yaha hai ki jaina sAdhu apaneko tyAgI samajhatA hai aura kahatA hai, loga bhI use tyAgI rUpase hI pahacAnate haiM parantu usakA tyAga sirpha karma-kriyA aura svazramakA tyAga hai, usake phala arthAt bhogakA tyAga nahIM / vaha jitane aMzameM svazrama nahIM karatA, utane hI aMzameM dUsaroMkI mehanata aura dUsaroMkI sevAkA adhikAdhika bhoga karatA hai| vaha yadi tyAgI hai to sirpha parizrama-tyAgI hai, bhoga yA phalakA tyAgI nhiiN| phira bhI jaina sAdhu apaneko bhogI nahIM mAnatA hai, dUsare loga bhI nahIM mAnate / kyoMki loga samajhate haiM ki yaha to apanA ghara-bAra aura udyoga-dhaMdhA chor3akara baiThA hai / isa dRSTise
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________________ tyAgI saMsthA 141 yadi Apa ise tyAgI kahanA cAheM bhogI nahIM, to isameM merA virodha nahIM hai - parantu jo svazramakA tyAga karatA hai aura dUsareke zramakA phala aMgIkAra kiye vinA kSaNa mAtra bhI jIvita nahIM raha sakatA athavA jisa ekake jIvana ke lie. dUsare anekoM ko anivArya rUpase parizrama karanA par3atA hai, use tyAgI kahanA cAhie yA sabase adhika bhogI ? bhagavAnakA tyAga karma mAtrakA tyAga thA / sAtha hI sAtha usameM phalaMkA aura dUsaroMkI sevAkA bhI tyAga thA / bhagavAnakA vaha tyAga Aja yadi saMbhava nahIM hai, to use anusaraNa karanekA mArga bhI aba bhinna banAye vinA kAma nahIM cala sktaa| AjakalakA digambaratva prAsAdoM aura bhavanoMmeM pratiSThA pA rahA hai / parantu bhagavAnakI nagnatva jaMgalameM paidA huA aura vahA~ hI zobhita huA / unheM Ajakalake sAdhuoMkI taraha dinameM tIna bAra khAnekI aura taila mardana karAnekI AvazyakatA nahIM par3atI thii| para Ajakala sthiti itanI adhika badala gaI hai ki jaina sAdhu-saMsthA AdhyAtmika kSetra se bilakula hI alaga ho gaI hai, yahA~ taka ki vyavahAra kuzalatA kI bhUmikApara bhI sthita nahIM hai; vaha to kevala Arthika spardhAke kSetra meM sthita hai| bhagavAnakA siddhAnta hai ki hama jaise antara meM hoM vaise hI bAhara se dikhAI deN| yadi jIvanameM tyAga ho, to tyAgI kahalAnA aura bhogavRtti ho to bhogI rUpase rahanA |aajklkaa sAdhu-samAja na to bhogI hai, kyoMki vaha svataMtratA ke sAtha gRhasthoMkI taraha apane parizrama ke Upara bhoga-jIvana nahIM vyatIta karatA aura na tyAgI hai; kyoMki usake AMtarika lakSaNa tyAgase bilakula viruddha haiM / aisI sthiti honepara bhI vaha bhogIkI taraha mukhya mukhya suvidhAoMko chor3e vinA hI apanI tyAgI ke rUpase pahacAna karAtA hai / isalie bhagavAna ke siddhAntakA anusaraNa karane ke lie yadi use tyAgI hI rahanA hai, to jaMgalameM jAnA cAhie | athavA basatIke nikaTa rahanA ho to dUsaroMke zramakA upabhoga nahIM karanA cAhie aura yadi use bhogI hI honA hai, to dUsaroMke nahIM apane hI zramake Upara honA cAhie / aisA honepara hI sacce tyAgakI saMbhAvanA hai| svazramase utpanna kI huI vastukA upabhoga karanese aneka bAra adhika se adhika. tyAga hotA hai / jIvanameM vaisA tyAga anivArya hai / svazrama se taiyAra kiye hue.
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________________ 142 dharma aura samAja kapar3e dUsaroMke dvArA diye hue kapar3oMkI apekSA parimANameM kama upayogameM AnevAle, kama ghisanevAle aura kama phaTanevAle hote haiN| apane hAthakA dhoyA kapar3A dUsaroMke dhoye hue kapar3oMkI apekSA kama aura derIse malIna hotA hai / dAnase prApta ghI, dUdha, pustaka, kAgaja, pensila aura su~ghanIkI apekSA svazrama yA majadUrIse prApta vastue~ parimANameM kama upayogameM AtI haiM aura unakA bigAr3a bhI kama hotA hai| dUsare loga jo pagacapI aura telamardana karate haiM usakI apekSA yadi svayaM apane hAthoM hI ye kArya kiye jAye to usameM sukhazIlatAkA poSaNa kama hogaa| isalie vivekapUrvaka svIkRta svazrama vyAvahArikatA aura saccI AdhyAtmikatAkA mukhya lakSaNa aura poSaka hai| sadaiva dUsaroM ke hAthoM pAnI pInevAlI aura dUsaroMke pA~voMse calanevAlI rAnI yA seThAnIse yadi svayaM pAnI bharane yA paidala calaneke lie kahA jAya, athavA aisA prasaMga upasthita ho jAya, to pahale to usake snAyu hI aisA karaneke lie iMkAra kareMge; aura phira bar3appana aura pratiSThAkA bhUta bhI isa kAmake karanemeM bAdhaka hogaa| rAjA-mahArAjA aura dhanika jo ki svazramake AdI nahIM haiM, unheM yadi zrama karaneke lie bAdhya kiyA jAya to prAraMbhameM unheM bhI bahuta burA lagegA / yadyapi jaina sAdhu itane adhika sukumAra yA parAzrayI nahIM hote haiM, phira bhI unameM parApUrvako eka bhUta ghusA huA hai, jo ki unheM svazramakA vicAra karate hI kSubdha kara DAlatA hai aura isa vicArako AcaraNameM lAte samaya unheM kaiMpA detA hai| parantu isa samaya prati dina bar3hatI jAnevAlI tyAgakI vikRtiko rokaneke lie svazramake tatvake sivAya dUsarA koI upAya nahIM dikhAI detaa| isalie usakA isa upAyako apanAne athavA vanavAsa jaisI sthitiko svIkAra karane meM hI trANa hai| aba tyAgakI mUrtike Upara bhogake suvarNa alaMkAra adhika samaya taka zobhita nahIM raha skte| paryuSaNa-vyAkhyAnamAlA ahamadAbAda, 1931 anuvAdaka-mahendrakumAra upAdaka-mahandrakumAra - - -