Tirthankaro ke Lanchan aur Shasan Devta

Author(s): Balchand Jain
Publisher: Z_Rajendrasuri_Janma_Sardh_Shatabdi_Granth_012039.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/211133/1

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tIrthaMkaroM ke lAMchana aura zAsana devatA bAlacanda jaina jaina pratimA vijJAna ke adhyetA ke sammukha nimnalikhita do prazna aksara rakhe jAyA karate haiM, yathA 1. tIrthaMkaroM ke sAtha unake lAMchana, vRSabha, gaja Adi kaba se saMlagna hue? aura 2. unakI pratimAoM ke sAtha zAsana devatAoM, yakSoM aura yakSiyoM kI pratimAeM kaba se jor3I jAne lagIM ? lAMchanoM kA prAraMbha jaina mUrtikalA ke prArambhika kAla meM tIrthakara pratimAoM ke -sAtha na to koI cihna yA lAMchana banAe jAte the aura na zAsana devatAvRnda hI saMyukta kie jAte the| isa kathana kI puSTi mathurA tathA anya sthAnoM se prApta huI lagabhaga do hajAra varSa prAcIna pratimAeM 'karatI haiN| jainoM ke prAcInatama siddhAnta granthoM evaM sAhityika racanAoM meM bhI pracalita lAMchanoM athavA zAsana devatAoM kA nAmollekha nahIM miltaa| prArambhika kAla meM vibhinna tIrthaMkara pratimAeM pratiSThA ke samaya una para likhe gae lekha se hI pahacAnI jAtI thI ki ve kisa tIrthaMkara kI pratimA haiM / itanA avazya thA ki RSabhanAtha, supArzvanAtha aura pArzvanAtha kI pratimAeM lekha ke abhAva se bhI pahacAnI jA sakatI thIM kyoMki RSabhanAthajI ke kandhoM para kezaguccha laharAte hue dikhAe jAte the aura supArzvanAtha tathA pArzvanAtha ke mastaka para nAga ke pAMca yA sAta phaNoM kA chatra suzobhita kara diyA jAtA thA / AdipurANa, uttarapurANa aura padmapurANa jaise mahatvapUrNa granthoM meM bhI tIrthakaroM ke cihnoM kI sUcI nahIM miltii| Adi purANa ( 1 / 15) meM prathama tIrthaMkara ko vRSabhadhvaja avazya kahA gayA hai| kintu andoM ke saMbaMdha meM ullekha nahIM hai| tilomapatti meM 162 tIrthaMkaroM ke lAMchanoM kI sUcI milatI hai kintu aneka vidvAnoM ne usa aMza ke prakSipta evaM pazvAtkAlIna hone kI zaMkA kI hai| rAjagRha ke vaibhAragiri kI eka guptakAlIna tIrthaMkara pratimA ko bAIsaveM tIrthaMkara nemInAtha kI pratimA mAnA gayA hai kyoMki usake pAdapITha para cakrapuruSa ke donoM ora zaMkha bane hue haiN| yadi ye zaMkha kevala mAMgalika cihna na hokara nemInAtha kI pahacAna ke liye banAye gaye lAMchana rUpa haiM to mAnanA par3egA ki vibhinna tIrthaMkaroM ke lAMchana guptakAla meM prayukta kie jAne lage the| sIrApahAr3I kI eka AdinAtha pratimA ke pAdapITha para siMhAsana ke siMhoM ke sthAna para donoM ora vRSabha kI AkRtiyAM banI huI haiN| yaha unake vRSabhAsana kI dyotaka hai| athavA unake lAMchana vizeSa kI ora saMketa karatI hai| yaha vicAraNIya hai| jo bhI ho, itanA to nizcita hI hai ki guptakAla se pUrva kI tIrthaMkara pratimAoM para lAMchana nahIM banAe jAte the aura guptakAla meM bhI sabhI tIrthakaroM ke cihna nizcita nahIM kie jA sake the / zAsana devatA vartamAna jaina mAnyatA ke anusAra pratyeka tIrthaMkara kA eka zAsana yakSa aura eka zAsana yakSiNI huA karatI hai / ina yakSa pakSiNI kI sUciyAM digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM sampradAyoM ke granthoM meM milatI haiM / yakSoM ke nAmoM ke sambandha meM donoM paramparAoM meM adhika matabheda nahIM hai para yakSiNiyoM ke nAmoM kI jo sUciyAM ina donoM sampradAyoM meM vartamAna meM pracalita haiM unameM adhikatama nAmoM ke saMbaMdha meM bhinnatA hai / adhikAMza vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki jaina mUrtikalA meM caturviMzati yakSa aura utanI hI yakSiyoM kI kalpanA nauMvI zatAbdI ke AsapAsa kI gaI thii| zvetAmbara granthoM meM zAsanadevatAoM kI saMpUrNa sUcI sarvaprathama hemacandrAcArya ke abhidhAna cintAmaNi meM milatI hai aura rAjendra- jyoti

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unake svarUpa kA varNana unhIM AcArya ke triSaSTi zalAkA puruSacarita meM upalabdha hotA hai| digambaroM meM vasunandi, AzAdhara Adi vidvAnoM ne yakSa-yakSiyoM ke svarUpa varNana prastuta kie haiN| digambara paramparA kI yakSI pratimAeM devagar3ha aura khaNDagiri meM pUrNa samUha meM prApta huI haiM / patiyAnadAI ke nAma se jJAta eka ambikA pratimA ke tIna ora kI paTTiyoM meM bhI anya teIsa yakSiyoM kI choTI choTI pratimAeM ukerI huI haiM jinake nAma bhI vahIM utkIrNa haiN| Azcarya kI bAta hai ki eka hI sampradAya kI hone ke bAvajUda bhI devagar3ha, khaNDagiri aura patiyAnadAI kI yakSiNiyoM ke nAma bhinna-bhinna haiN| harivaMzapurANa meM tIrthaMkaroM saMbaMdhI samasta jAnakArI kA vistRta vivaraNa hone para bhI vahAM (sarga 60) zAsana devatAoM kA vivaraNa nahIM diyA gayA hai| usI purANa ke 66 veM sarga ke 43 veM zloka meM eka bAra zAsana devatA zabda kA prayoga milatA hai aura Age 44 veM zloka meM apraticakrA devatA kA tathA Urjayanta (parvata) meM nivAsa karane vAlI siMhavAhanIdevI kA ullekha milatA hai, kintu usa siMhavAhanI devI ko ambikAdevI yA AmrAdevI nahIM kahA gayA hai| Adi purANa se jJAta hotA hai ki garur3avAhanI aura siMhavAhanI ye do vidyAeM thiiN| saMbhavataH inhIM donoM ne Age calakara apraticakrA yA cakrezvarI aura ambikA yA AmrAdevI ke rUpa prApta kara lie hoN| ambikA devI kI pratimAeM paryApta prAcIna kAla se hI nirmita hone lagI thiiN| prAraMbha meM prAya: sabhI tIrthaMkaroM kI pratimAoM ke sAtha ambikAdevI kI hI pratimA banAI jAtI thii| akoTA se prApta huI ambikAdevI kI pratimA ko 550 IsavIM ke lagabhaga kA mAnA jAtA hai| jaina paramparA meM zrutadevI yA sarasvatI kI pUjA bahuta prAcIna kAla se hotI rahI hai| mathurA meM jaina sarasvatI kI pratimA prApta huI hai jo dUsarI zatAbdI kI hai| siMhasUri ke loka vibhAga nAmaka granthameM (1137) kahA gayA hai ki pratyeka jinabimba ke donoM pArzvabhAgoM meM sanatkumAra aura sarvAhaNa yakSoM tathA zrIdevI aura zrutadevI ke pratibimba hote haiN| siMhasUri kA grantha vikrama kI gyArahavIM zatAbdI meM racA gayA thA kintu unhoMne svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai unakA grantha sarvanandI muni ke usa grantha kA bhASAntara hai jo zaka saMvat 380 meM racA gayA thaa| harivaMzapurANa meM zrutadevI kI mUrtiyoM kA ullekha milatA hai / padmapurANa meM "samaya" devatA kA ullekha milatA hai yaha Upara kahA jA cukA hai / "samaya" zabda kA artha zAstra yA jJAna bhI hotA hai| isaliye samaya devatA kA saMbaMdha zrutadevatA se jur3anA svAbhAvika hai aura samaya ko zAsana kAla se saMbaMdhita kara 'samaya devatA' kA 'zAsana devatA' ke rUpa meM pracalana bhI asvAbhAvika pratIta nahIM hotaa| pazcAtkAlIna jaina granthoM meM vidyAdeviyoM kI lambI sUcI milatI hai| koI Azcarya nahIM ki ye vidyAdeviyAM yA samaya devatA hI yathAkrama se zAsana deviyAM ho gaI hoN| digambara granthoM meM jo zAsana yakSiyoM kI sUcI milatI hai unameM vidyA deviyoM ke nAma jyoM ke tyoM milate haiN| vidyAdeviyoM ke saMbaMdha meM harivaMzapurANa meM ullekha milatA hai / bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke mahAvratI bana cukane ke pazcAt nami aura vinami unase dhana saMpatti prApta karane ke lie unheM parezAna kara rahe the| taba dharaNa ne ditI aura aditi nAmaka apanI deviyoM ke sAtha vahAM pahuMca kara nami aura vinami ko apanI deviyoM se vidyA kA bhaNDAra dilA diyA thA nami aura vinami ne vidyAoM ke ATha ATha nikAya prApta kiye| una solaha nikAyoM kI vidyAoM kI sUcI harivaMzapurANa meM dI gaI hai| unameM prajJapti, rohiNI gaurI, mahAgauro, kUSmAMDinI, ajitA, kAlI, bhadrakAlI Adi haiM / isI sUcI meM AryavatI aura nivRtti kA nAma bhI hai koI Azcarya kI bAta nahIM ki mathurA se prApta AryavatI pratimA bhI vidyAdevI kI pratimA ho| aba taka prApta jAnakArI ke AdhAra para yaha kalpanA kI jA sakatI hai ki jaina paramparA meM zAsana deviyoM kA Agamana vidyAdeviyoM ke mAdhyama se huaa| zrutadevatA, vidyAdevatA aura zAsana devatA padmapurANa (1233183) meM samaya devatA kA ullekha milatA hai / harivaMzapurANa (1 / 25) kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / harivaMzapurANa (5 / 363) meM yaha bhI ullekha milatA hai ki tIrthaMkaroM kI pratimAoM ke samIpa cAmara liye hue nAgakumAra aura yakSoM ke yugala khar3e banAye jAte the tathA samasta jina pratimAeM sanatkumAra aura sarvAhaNa yakSa tathA nivRtti aura zruti nAmaka deviyoM kI mUrtiyoM se yukta huA karatI thii| kSamA amRta hai, krodha viSa hai; kSamA mAnavatA kA atIva vikAsa karatI hai aura krodha usakA sarvathA nAza kara detA hai| krodhAvezI meM durAcAritA, duSTatA, anudAratA, parapIr3akatA ityAdi durguNa nivAsa karate haiM aura vaha sArI jindagI cintA, zoka evaM santApa meM ghira kara vyatIta karatA hai, kSaNa-bhara bhI zAnti se sA~sa lene kA samaya use nahIM milatA; isalie krodha ko chor3akara kSamA ko apavA lenA cAhiye / -rAjendra sUri vI. ni.saM. 2503 Jain Education Intemational anational