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________________ syAdvAda darzana aura usake upayogakA abhAva syAdvAdakA artha - 'syAdvAda' isa zabdake antargata do zabda haiM-syAt aura vAda / syAtakA artha apekSAsahita (dRSTikoNasahita) tathA vAda zabdakA artha siddhAnta yA mata hotA hai| isa prakAra syAdvAdakA artha sApekSa siddhAnta samajhanA caahiye| syAdvAdakI paribhASA apane va dUsare ke vicAroM, vacanoM va kAryoM meM apekSA yA dRSTikoNakA dhyAna rakhanA hI syAdvAdakI paribhASA hai| syAdvAdako AvazyaktA manuSyake jitane vicAra, vacana va kArya haiM unakA koI-na-koI dRSTikoNa avazya honA cAhiye; usIke AdhAra para unakI upayogitA yA anupayogitA samajhI jA sakatI hai| hama apane vicAroM vacanoM va kAryoko dRSTikoNake anukUla banAyeMge, to ve lAbhaprada hoMge, dRSTikoNake pratikUla banAyeMge yA unakA koI dRSTikoNa nahIM rakheMge to ve lAbhaprada to hoMge hI nahIM, balki kabhI-kabhI hAniprada ho sakate haiN| isI prakAra dUsaroMke vicAroM, vacanoM va kAryoMko unake dRSTikoNako dhyAnameM rakhakara dekheMge to hama unakI satyatA (upAdeyatA) yA mA (anupAdeyatA) kA jJAna kara skeNge| yadi dUsareke vicAroM, vacanoM va kAryoMko unake pratikUla dRSTikoNase dekheMge yA binA dRSTikoNake dekheMge to hama unakI satyatA yA asatyatAkA jJAna nahIM kara sakeMge / isaliye hamako syAdvAda yA sApekSa siddhAntake apanAnekI utanI hI AvazyakatA hai jitanI ki jIvanakI sthiratA ke liye bhojnkii| syAdvAdakA vikAsa yoM to vastue~ tathA unake vicAraka anAdi hai to syAdvAda bhI anAdi hI kahA jAyagA, lekina AvazyakatAke AdhArapara hI kisI bhI vastukA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| isI syAdvAdako hI leM-vicAra karanepara mAlUma par3atA hai ki jitanA bhI lokavyavahAra hai usakA AdhAra syAdvAda hI hai, para janasAdhAraNa to syAdvAdakA nAma taka nahIM jAnate, aura aise manuSyoMkI bhI kamI nahIM hai, jo syAdvAdako jAna karake bhI apanAnA nahIM cAhate, itanepara bhI unakA vyavahAra avyavasthita yA banda nahIM ho jaataa| isakA Azaya yahI hai ki jaba jisa vastukI AvazyakatA bar3ha jAtI hai usake jAne binA hamArA kArya nahIM calatA hai, taba usake jAnanekI logoMke hRdayameM bhAvanA paidA hotI hai aura tabhIse usakA vikAsa mAnA jAtA hai / syAdvAdake vikAsakA vicAra isI AdhArapara kiyA jAtA hai| prAyaH sabhI matoMke anusAra paurANika dRSTise sRSTike Adi' bhAgameM jIvana sukha aura zAntike sAmrAjyase paripUrNa thaa| zanaiH zanaiH sukha aura zAntimeM vikRti paidA huI arthAt logoMke hRdayoMmeM anucita 1. prAyaH sabhI mata sRSTikA utpAda aura vinAza mAnate haiM, jainamata aisA nahIM mAnatA-usake anusAra jagat anAdinidhana hai, para usameM sukha aura zAntikI vRddhi aura hAni rUpase parivartana mAnA gayA hai| isaliye jainamatAnusAra jisa samaya sukha aura zAntimeM hAnikA rUpa nahIM dikhAI diyA thA usako sRSTikA Adi bhAga samajhanA caahiye|
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________________ 4 / varzana aura nyAya : 45 pApavAsanAoM kA aMkura janmA vahIM se dharmatatva prakAzameM aayaa| tAtparya yaha ki anucita pApavAsanAoMse logoMkI anucita pApoM meM pravRtti hone lagI, usako haTA neke liye tAtkAlika mahApuruSoMne pApapravRtti ke tyAgarUpa vyavasthA banAI, usIko dharmakA rUpa diyA gayA / sukha aura zAnti sahAyaka niyama yA dhArmika niyama vaise-vaise hI bar3hate gaye, jaise-jaise unake pratibandhaka nimittoMkA prAdurbhAva hotA gayA / isake atirikta vividha logoMkI vivekabuddhine bhI kAma kiyA, jisase dezakAlake anusAra nAnAprakArake dhArmika niyama bane, aura unakI upAdeyatAke liye bhinna-bhinna prakArase unakA mahattva darzAyA gayA / tAtparya yaha ki dhIre-dhIre dharmoMmeM vividhatA paidA huI / isa dharmavividhatAke kAraNa bhinnabhinna samaSTiyoMkI racanA huI / una samaSTiyoMmeM kAlakramase apaneko satyamArgAnugAmI aura dUsaroMko asatyamArgAnugAmI ThaharAne kI kutsita aikAntika bhAvanAyeM jAgRta huIM / yahIMse darzanazAstrakA kalevara puSTa huA, jisase bala para logoMne svapakSapuSTi aura parapakSa-khaNDanameM kAlayApana karanA prArambha kiyA, jisase virodharUpI andhakArase loka vyApta ho gayA / usakA anta karaneke liye syAdvAdarUpI sUryakA udaya huA / syAdvAdakI jainadharmAGgatA syAdvAdatattvakA vikAsa una mahApuruSoMkI tarkaNAzaktikA phala hai, jinhoMne samaya aura paristhiti anusAra nirmita dhArmika niyamoMke paraspara samanvaya karanekI koziza kI thI, tathA isameM unako Azcaryajanaka saphalatA bhI milI thI / para lokahitabhAvanAmeM svArtha bhAvanAkA samAveza ho jAnese usakI dhArA eka dezameM hI raha gaI / ve mahApuruSa jaina the, isaliye kAlAntarameM syAdvAda jainadharmakA mUla bana gayA, dUsaroMko syAdvAda nAmase ghRNA ho gaI / jainAcAra meM syAdvAda isake viSaya meM amRtacandra sUrine hiMsAke viSaya meM syAdvAdakA jo bhAvapUrNa citraNa kiyA hai vahI paryApta hogA / ve kahate haiM-- "koI manuSya hiMsA nahIM karake arthAt prANiyoM ko nahIM mAra karake bhI hiMsAke phalako pAtA hai, jabaki dUsarA manuSya hiMsA karake bhI hiMsAke phalako nahIM pAtA hai / eka manuSyako alpa hiMsA mahAn phala detI hai jabaki dUsare manuSyako adhika hiMsA bhI alpa phala detI hai| samAna hiMsA karanevAle do puruSoMmeMse eka / kisIko hiMsA karaneke pahale hI milatA hai| kisIne hiMsA karanA jAnese hiMsAkA phala milatA hai / ko vaha hiMsA tIvra phala detI hai aura dUsareko vahI hiMsA maMda phala detI hai hiMsAkA phala mila jAtA hai aura kisIko hiMsA karaneke bAda hiMsAkA phala prArambha kiyA, lekina bAdameM banda kara diyA to bhI hiMsA karaneke bhAva ho kisI samaya hiMsA eka karatA hai, usakA phala aneka bhogate haiM / kisI samaya hiMsaka aneka hote haiM aura phala ekako bhoganA par3atA hai / kisIkI hiMsA hiMsAkA alpaphala detI hai kisIkI vahI hiMsA ahiMsAkA adhika phala detI hai | kisIkI ahiMsA hiMsAkA phala detI hai, kisIkI hiMsA ahiMsAke phalako detI hai / isa prakAra vividha prakAra ke bhaGgoMse dustara hiMsA Adike svarUpako samajhAneke liye syAdvAdatattvake vettA hI samartha hote haiM / "" rAjanaitika daNDavyavasthA bhI isI AdhArapara banI huI hai, jisase hiMsA Adike viSaya meM syAdvAdakA svarUpa acchI taraha samajha meM A sakatA hai / 1. puruSArthasiddhayupAya, zloka 51 se 58 taka /
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________________ 46 : sarasvatI-varadaputra paM0 baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana-pranya jaina saMskRtimeM syAdvAdakA vyAvahArika upayoga usakI saphalatA __ samaya-samayapara jai.. saMskRtimeM bahutase parivartana hue hoNge| parantu bhagavAn mahAvorase lekara Aja taka jitane parivartana hue ve aitihAsika kahe jA sakate haiM / jainiyoMke vAdyAcAra para bhagavAna mahAvIrake bAdase vikramakI 15vIM, 16vIM zatAbdI taka uttarottara adhika prabhAva par3atA gyaa| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki yadyapi bhagavAna mahAvIra aura mahAtmA buddhane vaidika kriyAkANDakA anta kara diyA gayA thA, para isa tarahakI bhAvanAe~ kucha logoMke hRdayame banI rahI thIM, jinake AdhArapara brAhmaNa saMskRtikA utthAna huaa| idhara jainadharma aura bauddhadharmakI bAgaDoreM DhIlI par3I, jisase brAhmaNa saMskRtiko bar3hanekA acchA maukA milA aura usakA dhIre-dhIre vyApaka rUpa bana gyaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki jainadharma usase achUtA na raha skaa| merA to vizvAsa hai aura siddha bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai ki bauddhadharmake tatkAlIna mahApuruSoMne bauddhadharmake bAhyarUpameM raMcamAtra parivartana nahIM kiyA, isIse vaha bhAratase lupta ho gayA / kintu jainI syAdvAdake mahattvako samajhate the. unako deza-kAlakI paristhitikA acchA anubhava thA, isalie unhoMne samayAnusAra jainadharmakI sattA kAyama rakhaneke liye brAhmaNa saMskRtiko apnaayaa| usa samaya brAhmaNa saMskRtikA itanA adhika prabhAva thA ki sabhI logoMkA jhukAva usa tarapha ho gayA thA / isaliye jainAcAryoM ko likhanA patA ki "jisa lokAcArase samyaktvakI hAni yA vrata dUSita nahIM hote haiM vaha lokAcAra jainadharma bAhya nahIM kahA jA sktaa|" isa prakAra usa samaya jo jainadharmase vimukha ho rahe the unakI sthiratA karate hae jainAcAryoMne jainadharmakI sattA kAyama rakhI thI jisakA phala yaha hai ki Aja bhI bhAratavarSa meM jainI loga vidyamAna haiM, anyathA bauddhoMkI taraha jainI bhI Aja dUsare dharmakA bakhatara pahine dikhAI dete| Adhunika bhUleM Uparake kathanase spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki pUrva puruSoMne vastuvyavasthAmeM apanA siddhAnta va apanA AcAra dhyavahAra syAdvAdakI sahAyatAse nizcita kiyA thaa| tAtparya yaha ki kisI bhI siddhAntakA sAdhaka tarka hai-syAdvAda sahAyaka aura vizvAsa usakA AdhAra hai / ina tInoMkA Azraya lekarake jina logoMne vastuvyavasthAke siddhAnta sthira kiye the yA jo Aja karate haiM unakA aisA karanA asaMgata nahIM kahA jAyagA / balki jisakA hRdaya tarka, syAdvAda aura vizvAsase vyApta hogA usake dvArA kI gaI vastuvyavasthA AdaraNIya samajhI jaaygii| jaina siddhAntakI satyatA yA upAdeyatA isaliye nahIM hai ki vaha sarvajJabhASita hai, kintu isaliye hai ki usakA mUla tarka, syAdvAda aura vizvAsa hai| sarvajJa to siddhAntakI avirodhatAse siddha kiyA jAtA hai / hetukA sAdhya usI hetukA hetu nahIM mAnA jAtA / isaliye jo loga pUrva puruSoMke kisI bhI siddhAntako tarka, syAdvAda aura vizvAsake binA mithyA siddha karanekI koziza karate haiM ve svayaM bhUla karate hai aura jo kisI siddhAntakI tarka, syAdvAda aura vizvAsake adhAra para parIkSA karanA pApa samajhate haiM ve bhI bhUla karate haiM / donoM hI syAdvAda ke rahasyase anabhijJa haiM / isI prakAra jo AcaraNa yA vyavahAra Aja saMkleza-vardhaka, lokAnupayogI, lokanindanIya hoM ve bhale hI kisI samaya zAntivardhaka, lokopayogI va lokaprazaMsita rahe hoM, Aja unako mithyA yA anupAdeya samajhA
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________________ 4 / darzana aura nyAya : 47 jaaygaa| isase viparIta jo AcAra yA vyavahAra Aja zAntivardhaka, lokopayogI va lokaprazaMsita hoM ve bhale hI kisI samaya saMklezavardhaka, lokAnupayogI va lokanindanIya rahe hoM, Aja unako satya yA upAdeya hI samajhA jAyagA / isaliye jo loga paristhitikA adhyayana kiye binA brAhmaNa saMskRtike apanAnemeM tAtkAlIna jainAcAryoM ko bhUla batalAte haiM ve svayaM bhUla karate hai / aura jo Aja kI paristhitikA adhyayana kiye binA usa jamAnekI saMskRtiko AjakI saMskRti banAnA cAhate haiM ve bhI bhUla karate hai-donoM hI syAdvAdake rahasyase anabhijJa hai / itanA hI nahIM, syAdvAdake rahasyako hama loga itanA bhUla gaye ki "muNDe muNDe matibhinnA" kI lokokti jainiyoMke andara hI andara caritArtha ho rahI hai| pratyeka jainI icchAnukUla apanI samajhake anusAra apane AcAra va vyavahArako hI dharma samajhane lagA hai| usake sAmane dUsaroMke upadezoMkA kucha mahattva nahIM, jabataka ki ve usakI icchAke anukUla na hoN| syAdvAdake upayogakI kamIkA phala jahA~ jainadharma meM syAdvAdakA adhika-se-adhika upayoga kiyA gayA hai vahIM usake upayogameM kamI bhI raha gaI hai| syAdvAdakA uddezya saMpUrNa dharmoMkA samanvaya karake manuSyasamAjameM zAnti sthApita karanA thA, lekina dUsarI dhArmika samaSTiyA~ svArthavAsanAkI pUtike liye svadharmapremI hotI haI bhI paramadharmAsahiSNu va haTanAhI bana gaI thI, isaliye usa udezakI pratimeM to syAdvAdI asaphala hI rhe| isake atirikta jainiyoMmeM bhI svArthavAsanA Ane lagI thI, jisase jainI bhI svadharmapriyatAke sAtha-sAtha paradharmAsahiSNutA va haTagrAhitAke zikAra ho gaye, jisase dhIre-dhIre syAdvAdI jainI bhI sampradAyavAdI bane / syAdvAdakA mahattva eka sAMpradAyika puSTise adhika na raha sakA / dUsaroMkI dRSTi meM jainadharma eka sampradAya samajhA jAne lgaa| idhara jainiyoMne bhI pakSapuSTimeM apanI zaktikA upayoga karanA prArambha kiyA, jisase jainAcArya jaisA ki Upara syAdvAdakA upayoga batalA Aye haiM unake anusAra sampradAya rUpase hI jainadharmako kAyasa rakha sake / usakA pariNAma yaha huA ki Aja jaba sAmpradAyikatA manuSya-samAjakA rakta-zoSaNa kara rahI hai usameM jainI bhI kama bhAga nahIM le rahe haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki syAdvAdI hokarake jainiyoMne syAdvAdakA kriyAtmaka upayoga karanA nahIM sIkhA, jisase syAdvAdake dvArA manuSya-samAjakA jo kucha hita ho sakatA thA vaha na to huA aura na ho rahA hai| hamArA kartavya isa bhayAnaka kintu vicArazIla yagameM hamArA kartavya hai ki apane jIvanako lokopayogI bnaaveN| yadi hama apane jIvanako lokopayogI nahIM banA sakate to vizvAsa rakhanA cAhiye ki hama paralokake liye bhI kucha nahIM kara rahe haiN| syAdvAdasiddhAntake adhikArI rahane mAtrase hama syAdvAdakA asara dusaroM para nahIM DAla sakate / kAryoMkA hI dUsaroMpara asara haA karatA hai| hama apane lokopayogI kartavyako syAdvAdake dvArA nirdhArita kara usIke liye jIvana samarpita kara deM; usake dvArA hamAre jIvanako zAnti hI na hogI balki Uparase dharma-dharma cillAnekI bhAratakI kupravatti naSTa hogI evaM jainadharmakI lokopayogitA manuSya-samAjameM kriyAtmaka camatkAra dikhalA degii|