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________________ zramaNavelagolA aura zrIgommaTezvara . zramaNabelagolA dakSiNa bhAratameM karanATaka pradezameM hAsana jilekA eka gauravazAlI aura aitihAsika sthAna rahA hai / yaha jaina paramparAke di0 jainoMkA eka atyanta prAcIna aura suprasiddha tIrtha hai| ise jainagranthakAroMne jainapura, jainavidro aura gommaTapura bhI kahA hai / yaha beMgalaurase 100 mIla, maisUrase 62 mIla, ArsIkerIse 42 mIla, hAsanase 31 mIla aura cinAryapaTTanase 8 mola hai| yaha hAsanase pazcimakI ora avasthita hai aura moTarase 2-3 ghaNToMkA rAstA hai| yaha vindhyagiri aura candragiri nAmakI do pahAr3iyoMkI talahaTI meM eka sundara aura manojJa caukora tAlAbapara, jo prAkRtika jhIlanumA hai, basA huA hai| yaha hai to eka choTA-sA gA~va, para aitihAsika purAtattva aura dhArmika dRSTi se isakA bar3A mahattva hai / duSkAla jaina anuzru tike anusAra I0 300 sau varSa pUrva samrATa candraguptake rAjyakAlameM uttara bhAratameM jaba bAraha varSakA duSkAla par3A to antima zrutakevalI AcArya bhadrabAhuke nAyakatvameM 12 hajAra zramaNoM (jaina sAdhuoM)ke saMghane uttara bhAratase Akara isa sthAnakI manojJatA aura ekAntatA dekhI tathA yahIM rahakara tapa aura dhyAna kiyaa| AcArya bhadrabAhune apanI AyukA anta jAnakara yahIM samAdhipUrvaka dehotsarga kiyaa| samrAT candraguptane bhI, jo saMghake sAtha AyA thA, apanA zeSa jIvana saMgha va guru bhadrabAhukI sevAmeM vyatIta kiyA thaa| ___isa sthAnako zramaNabelagolA isalie kahA gayA ki ukta zramaNoM (jaina sAdhuoM) ne yahA~ke velagola (sapheda tAlAba) para tapa, dhyAnAdi kiyA tathA AvAsa kiyA thaa| taba koI gA~va nahIM thA, kevala suramya pahAr3I pradeza thaa| yahA~ prApta saikar3oM zilAlekha, aneka guphAe~, kalApUrNa mandira aura kitanI hI vizAla evaM bhavya jaina mUrtiyA~ bhAratake prAcIna gaurava aura itihAsako apane meM chipAye hue haiM / isI sthAnake vindhyagiripara gaMgavaMzake rAjA rAcamalla (I0 975-984) ke pradhAna senApati aura pradhAna mantrI vIra-mArtaNDa cAmuNDarAya dvArA eka hI pASANameM utkIrNa karAyI gaI zrI gomeTezvara bAhubalikI vaha vizvavikhyAta 57 phuTa U~cI vizAla matti hai, jise vizvake darzaka dekhakara Azcarya-cakita ho jAte haiN| dUsarI pahAr3I candragiripara bhI aneka mandira va basatiyA~ banI huI haiN| isI pahAr3Ipara samrATa candraguptane bhI candragupta (prabhAcandra) muni hokara samAdhipUrvaka zarIra tyAgA thA aura isake kAraNa hI isa pahAr3IkA nAma candragiri pdd'aa| ina saba bAtoMse 'zramaNabelagolA' kA jaina paramparAmeM bar3A mahatva hai| eka bAra maisUra rAjyake eka dIvAnane kahA thA ki "sampUrNa sundara maisUra rAjyameM zramaNavelagolA sadRza anya sthAna nahIM hai, jahA~ sundaratA aura bhavyatA donoMkA sammizraNa pAyA jAtA ho|" yaha sthAna tabhIse pAvana tIrthake rUpameM prasiddha hai| paricaya yahA~ gommaTezvara aura unakI mahAmUrtikA paricaya vahIMke prApta zilAlekhoM dvArA de rahe haiN| zilAlekha naM0 234 (85) meM likhA hai ki-"gommaTezvara RSabhadeva prathama tIrthaMkarake putra the / inakA nAma bAhu -480
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________________ balI yA bhujabalI thaa| inake jyeSTha bhrAtA bharata the| RSabhadevake dIkSita honeke pazcAd bharata aura bAhabalI donoM bhAiyoMmeM sAmrAjyake lie yuddha huaa| yuddha meM bAhubalikI vijaya huii| para saMsArakI gati (rAjya jaisI tuccha cIjake lie bhAiyoMkA parasparameM lar3anA) dekhakara bAhubali virakta ho gaye aura rAjya apane jyeSTha bhrAtA bharatako dekara tapasyA karane ke lie vanameM cale gye| eka varSakI kaThora tapasyAke uparAnta unheM kevalajJAna prApta huaa| bharatane, jo samrATa ho gaye the, bAhubalIke caraNoMmeM pahu~cakara unakI pUjA evaM bhakti kii| bAhubalIke mukta honeke pazcAt unhoMne unakI smRtimeM unakI zarIrAkRtike anurUpa 525 dhanuSapramANakI eka prastara mUrti sthApita karAI / kucha kAla pazcAt mUrtike Asa-pAsakA pradeza kukkuTa sose vyApta ho gayA, jisase usa mUrtikA nAma kukkuTezvara par3a gyaa| dhIre-dhIre vaha mUrti lupta ho gayI aura usake darzana agamya evaM durlabha ho gye| gaMganareza rAyamallake mantrI cAmuNDarAyane isa mUrtikA vRtAnta sunA aura unheM usake darzana karanekI abhilASA huI, para usa sthAna (podanapura) kI yAtrA azakya jAna unhoMne usIke samAna eka saumya mUtti sthApita karanekA vicAra kiyA aura tadanusAra isa mUrtikA nirmANa kraayaa|" kavi voppaNa (1180 I0) ne isa mUrtiko prazaMsA karate hue likhA hai ki "yadi koI mUrti atyunnata . (vizAla) ho, to yaha Avazyaka nahIM ki vaha sundara bhI ho| yadi vizAlatA aura sundaratA donoM bhI hoM, to yaha Avazyaka nahIM ki usameM alaukika vaibhava (bhavyatA) bhI ho| gommaTezvarakI matimeM vizAlatA, sundaratA aura alaukika vaibhava tInoMkA sammizraNa hai| gommaTezvarakI mUrtise bar3hakara saMsArameM upAsanAke yogya anya kyA vastu ho sakatI hai ?" pAzcAtya vidvAn phargusanane apane eka lekhameM likhA hai ki "misra dezake sivAya saMsAra bharameM anyatra isa mUrtise vizAla aura prabhAvazAlI mUrti nahIM hai / " . purAtattvavid DA. kRSNa likhate haiM ki "zilpIne jainadharmake sampUrNa tyAgako bhAvanA isa mUrtike aMgaaMgameM apanI chainIse bhara dI hai| mUttikI nagnatA jainadharmake sarva tyAgako bhAvanAkA pratIka hai / ekadama sIdhe aura mastaka unnata kiye khar3e isa pratibimbakA aMga-vinyAsa pUrNa Atma-nigrahako sUcita karatA hai / hoMThoMkI dayAmayI mudrAse svAnubhUta Ananda aura duHkhI duniyAke sAtha mUka sahAnubhUtikI bhAvanA vyakta hotI hai / " hindI jagatke prasiddha vidvAn kAkA kAlelakarane eka lekha meM likhA hai-"mUrtikA sArA zarIra bharAvadAra, yauvanapUrNa, nAjuka aura kAntimaya hai| eka hI pattharase nirmita itanI sundara mUtti saMsArameM aura kahIM nhiiN| itanI bar3I mUtti itanI adhika snigdha hai ki bhaktike sAtha kucha premakI bhI yaha adhikAriNI hai| dhUpa, havA aura pAnIke prabhAvase pIcheko ora UparakI papar3I ripara par3ane para bhI isakA lAvaNya khaNDita nahIM huA hai|" prAcyavidyAmahArNava DaoN0 hIrAlAla jainane likhA hai ki-"eziyA khaNDa hI nahIM, samasta bhUtalakA vicaraNa kara Aiye, gommaTezvarakI tulanA karanevAlI mUrti Apako kvacit hI dRSTigocara hogii| bar3e-bar3e pazcimIya vidvAnoMke mastiSka isa mUrtiko kArIgarIpara cakkara khA gaye haiN| kama-se-kama eka hajAra varSase yaha pratimA sUrya, megha, vAyu Adi prakRtidevIkI amogha zaktiyoM se bAteM kara rahI hai, para aba taka usameM kisI prakArakI thor3I-sI bhI kSati nahIM huI hai, mAno mUrtikArane use Aja hI udghATita kiyA ho|" Upara ullekha kiyA jA cukA hai ki isa saMsArakI adbhuta mUrtike pratiSThAtA gaMgavazI rAjA rAcamallake pradhAna AmAtya aura senApati cAmuNDarAya haiN| cAmuNDarAyako zilAlekhoMmeM samaradhurandhara, raNaraMgasiMha, vairikulakAladaNDa, asahAyaparAkrama, samaraparazurAma, vIramArtaNDa, bhadaziromaNi Adi upAdhiyoMse vibhU -481
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________________ Sita kiyA gayA hai| cAmuNDarAya apanI satyapriyatA aura dharmaniSThAke kAraNa "satya yudhiSThira" bhI kahe jAte the| inakI jainadharma meM anupameya niSThA hone ke kAraNa jaina granthakAroMne bhI inheM samyaktvaratnAkara, guNaratnabhUSaNa, zaucAbharaNa Adi vizeSaNoM (upAdhiyoM) dvArA ullekhita kiyA hai / inhIM cAmuNDarAyane gompaTezvarakI mahAmUrtikI pratiSThA 23 mArca I0 san 1028 meM karAI thI, jaisAki isa mUrtipara utkIrNa lekhase vidita hai / mahAmastakAbhiSeka isa mUtikA mahAmastakAbhiSeka bar3e samArohake sAtha sampanna hotA hai / aitihAsika dRSTise isake mahAmastakAbhiSekakA varNana I0 san 1500, 1598, 1612, 1677, 1825 aura 1827 ke utkIrNa zilAlekhoMmeM milatA hai, jinameM abhiSeka karAnevAle AcArya, gRhastha, zilpakAra, bar3haI, dudha, dahI AdikA vyaurA milatA hai| inameM kaI mastakAbhiSeka maisUra-narezoM aura unake mantriyoMne svayaM karAye hai / san 1909 meM bhI mastakAbhiSeka huA thA, usake bAda mArca 1925 meM bhI vaha huA, jise maisUra nareza mahArAja kRSNarAja bahAdurane apanI taraphase karAyA thA aura abhiSekake lie pAMca hajAra rupaye pradAna kiye the tathA svayaM pUjA bhI kI thii| isake anantara san 1940 meM bhI gommaTezvarakI isa mUrtikA mahAmastakAbhika huA thaa| usake pazcAt 5 mArca 1953 meM mahAmastakAbhiSeka kiyA gayA thA, usa samaya bhAratake kone-konese lAkhoM jaina isa abhiSekameM sammilita hue the| isa avasarapara vahA~ darjanoM patrakAra, phoTogrAphara aura reDiyovAle bhI pahu~ce the| vizvake aneka vidvAna darzaka bhI usameM zAmila hue the| ___ samAroha 21 pharavarI 1981 meM jo mahAmastakAbhiSeka huA, vaha sahasrAbdhi-mahAmastakAbhiSeka mahotsava thaa| isa mahotsavakA mahattva pichale mahotsavoMse bahuta adhika rhaa| karnATaka rAjyake mAnanIya mukhyamantrI guDurAva aura unake sahayogI aneka mantriyoMne isa mahotsavako rAjyIya mahotsava mAnA aura rAjyakI orase usakI sArI taiyAriyAM kI gyiiN| pradhAnamantrI zrImatI indirAgAMdhI aura aneka kendrIya mantrigaNa bhI ukta avasara para pahu~ce the| lAkhoM jainoMke sivAya lAkhoM anya bhAI aura bahaneM bhI isa utsavameM sammilita he| vizvadharmake preraka elAcArya muni vidyAnandake prabhAvaka tattvAvadhAna meM yaha sampanna huA, jinake mArgadarzanameM bhagavAna mahAvIrakA 2500 vA~ nirvANa mahotsava sAre rASTrane vyApaka taurapara 1974 meM mnaayaa| ___ bhAratIya prAcIna saMskRti evaM tyAga aura tapasyAkI mahAn smAraka yaha gommaTezvarakI mahAmUrti yuga-yugoM taka vizvako ahiMsA aura tyAgakI zikSA detI rhegii| -482 -