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________________ DA0 (zrImatI) kusuma caturvedI zikSaka kI javAbadehI ke sambandha meM kucha pracalita dhAraNAe~ vicAraNIya haiM prathama jabaki samAja ke sabhI kSetroM meM javAbadehI luptaprAya hai, aisI sthiti meM mAtra zikSaka se usakI AzA kahA~ taka ucita hai? dvitIya zikSA eka satata cakrAkAra prakriyA hai jisake sucAru saMcAlana meM mAtra zikSaka eka ghaTaka nahIM hai, isa prakriyA aura praNAlI meM nIti nirmAtA, ucca prazAsana, sAmudAyika pratinidhi, rAjanetA, vidyAlaya vyavasthApaka, abhibhAvaka evaM svayam zikSArthI kI bhI pratyakSa aura parokSa javAbadehI kama mahatva nahIM rkhtii| ina samasta mahatvapUrNa ghaTakoM ke atirikta zaikSika uddezyoM ke nirdhAraNa, pAThyakrama nirmANa, pAThyapustaka ke pracalana, praveza nIti nirdhAraNa evaM uttIrNa hone ke mAnadaNDoM Adi ke sambandha meM zikSaka kI bhUmikA ke prati asvIkRti kA bhAva evaM mAtra parIkSA pariNAmoM para adhyApakIya upalabdhiyoM kA Akalana ye samasta pakSa bhI javAbadehI ko niSedhAtmaka rUpa se prabhAvita karate haiN| tRtIya- TaiknolaoNjI ke bar3hate prabhAva ke kAraNa zikSaka kI bhUmikA vivAdoM ke ghere meM hai kintu isa sambandha me merA abhima - zikSaka kI naitika javAbadehI yaha hai ki TaiknolaoNjI sAdhana mAtra hai, sAdhya nhiiN| vastutaH yaha saMvAda meM sahAyaka ho sakatI hai, saMvedanAoM kI vAhikA nahIM ho sakatI / punaH jJAna eka AyAmI nahIM hotA, tadartha paraspara antaHkriyA kA mahatva hotA hai| isI AdhAra para brAuna jaise mahAna vicAraka ne DisTensa larniMga kI viphalatA ke viSaya meM svIkAra kiyA ki 'yaha kabhI bhI usa zikSA praNAlI kA sthAna nahIM le sakatI jisameM loga ikaTThA hokara zaikSika jJAna aura yogyatAe~ hAsila karate haiM / ' upabhoktA saMskRti ke sarvavAsI saMkramaNa ke isa yuga meM jahA~ sampatti aura sattA kA samagrIkaraNa, saMskRti kA vikRtikaraNa, rAjanIti kA aparAdhIkaraNa tathA sambandhoM ke bAjArIkaraNa ke kAraNa sampUrNa mAnava prajAti kA vizvavyApI vyAkaraNa vizRMkhalita hotA calA jA rahA hai vahA~ zikSA kA paridRzya kaise pRthaka tathA asaMpRkta ho sakatA hai ? kintu yaha kadApi vismaraNa yogya nahIM ki zikSA bAla vyaktitva meM eka vizeSa prakAra kI AtmIyatA evaM AsthA ke saMcaraNa kA sAdhana hai / anya zabdoM meM vyaktitva kI satata punarracanA, vyaktitva ko gar3hane kI avirAma rUparekhA jisameM anathaka prayatna evaM saMyama kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, zikSA ke mAdhyama se hI sambhava hai tathA isa sambhAvanA - siddhi meM pramukha abhikartA ke rUpa meM zikSaka kI javAbadehI asaMdigdha hai| javAbadehI kA saMpratyaya vastutaH nItizAstrIya aura naitika hai jo svayam meM 'jayanAtrItirucyate' tathA 'kartavyamevaM na kartavyamityAtmako yo dharmaH sAnIti:' evaM 'zreya' jaise pramukha pratipAdyoM ko samAhita kiye hue haiN| isa dRSTi se javAbadehI ko paribhASita karate hue kahA jA sakatA hai: naitika dRSTi se apane zikSArthI samudAya ke prati usa saMgaThana ke prati jisameM sevA rata haiM tathA aMtatogatvA samAja ke prati zreya ke aMtima lakSya ke prati zikSakoM dvArA kartavyoM kA nirvahana / , - cha aSTadazI / 139 - spaSTa hai ki TaiknolaoNjI ke pArTa para to yaha sunizcita hai ki yaha zikSaka kI sthAnApatra nahIM ho sakatI, kintu cUMki samAja ke liye javAbadehI eka anastitvapUrNa saMpratyaya banatI calI jA rahI hai isaliye yathAsthitavAda kA poSaka ho jAnA athavA bahatI gaMgA meM hAtha dhone kI mAnasikatA kA zikAra ho jAnA yaha svayam ke prati anAsthAbhAva kA dyotaka hai| isI anAsthA aura nAstikatA ke vazIbhUta zikSaka zikSaka na raha kara anubandhita aura vyAvasAyika karmacArI mAtra raha jAtA hai jisakA lakSya mAtra TyUzana, mAtra apane adhikAroM ke liye vArtA haDatAla aura pradarzana ke prati Asakti ke atirikta javAbadehI ke nAma para kucha bhI nahIM raha jAtA, pariNAma yaha hotA hai ki zikSArthI AsthA kI jisa thAtI ko lekara skUla / kaoNleja AtA hai, use khokara svecchAcAritA kI AsurI sampadA kA svAmI banakara lauTatA hai| -
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________________ ata: AvazyakatA hai AtmAvalokana, Atmacintana aura bhAva niSThA : AtmavizleSaNa kii| adhyApakIya sevA ke isa paridhAna ke __iyAna piyarsana jaise loga vaha ghoSaNA kara rahe haiM ki bhaviSya takAje ke adhIna isa tathya ko hRdayaMgama karane kI ki adhyApaka TaiknolaoNjI ke hAtha meM hai. dasarI ora Atma hatyAoM kI saMkhyA kA mUla artha kevala le jAne vAlA nahIM hai, adhi lagA hai usameM, [gA ha usama, meM vRddhi, adhyAtma kI zaraNa meM jAkara bhAvanAtmaka aura mAnasika meM to jisakA artha hai kisI vizeSa jagaha le jAne vAlA, kisI samasyAoM se nijAta pAne kI pravRti, prabandhana meM imozanala evaM adhiSThAna taka pahu~cAne vAlA, eka nizcita lakSya taka le jAne spricyula konziyensa jaisI avadhAraNAoM kA par3hAyA jAnA, zikSA vAlA aura le hI jAne vAlA nahIM use sampanna karane vAlA, evaM prabandhana taka ke pAThyakrama meM pataMjali yogadarzana ke saiddhAntika pratiSThita karane vAlA, tadartha AvazyakatA hai adhyApaka svayam evaM vyAvahArika pakSoM ke adhyayana kI anuzaMsA, sAibara dukAnoM sampanna ho, svayam pratiSThita ho tabhI naitika javAbadehI kI ke samAnAntara yoga, necuropethI, tAI cI aura rekI jaise upakrama, sambhAvanA kI siddhi sambhava hai| isa dRSTi se zikSaka kI vizeSa AdhyAtmika saMgIta aura kaiseTa ke eka pRthaka bAjAra kA nirmANa rUpa se zikSArthI ke prati pramukhatayA tIna naitika pratibaddhatAe~ hai: - TaiknolaoNjI ke samAnAntara ye samasta prAvadhAna isa tathya ke vaicArika niSThA : dyotaka haiM ki AdamI kI prAthamikatA DijiTala krAnti nahIM hai| naI tadartha zikSaka ko mAtra jJAna kA saMpreSaka honA hI paryApta nahIM TaiknolaoNjI se vyutpanna sukhabodha pratyeka roga kA ilAja nahIM hai, hai varan usakA prajJAvAna honA Avazyaka hai| vaha jo kucha zikSArthI AdamI kI buniyAdI jarurata bhAvanAtmaka hai| ko denA cAhatA hai use usa viSaya kA pUrNa niSNAta, pUrNa jJAtA honA gA~dhI jI kahA karate the ki zikSA kA artha mAtra akSara jJAna cAhiye, kintu prajJAvAna kevala buddhimAna vyakti nahIM hai| prajJAvAna nahIM hai, akSara jJAna se Azaya manuSyatva se bhI nahIM hai, manuSya kA vyakti vaha hai jo vastuoM, vyaktiyoM aura ghaTanAoM Adi ke tathyoM manuSyatva satya, ahiMsA, prema, dayA, kSamA, zaurya Adi ucca ko ucita rUpa meM adhyayana kara unakI vyAkhyA karane meM sakSama ho, bhAvanAoM ke sAtha eka-rUpa hone meM hai| zikSA ke pariprekSya meM jo apane ziSya ke gUr3ha se gUDha, jaTila se jaTila praznoM kA atyanta bhAvanAoM kI zuddhi aura unakA vikAsa zarIra ke poSaNa ke hI dhairya ke sAtha vidhivata samAdhAna prastuta karane meM sakSama ho, vaha jisa sAtha saMyukta honA caahiye| bhAva saMzuddhi aura vikAsa kI dRSTi viSaya kA bhI saMsparza kare use parAkASThA taka pahu~cAne kI sAmarthya se zikSA ke dAyitva ke rUpa meM zikSA ke mUla ghaTaka parivAra kI usameM ho| Azaya yaha ki zikSaka ke vyaktitva meM jJAna kA mahatvapUrNa bhUmikA hai kyoMki kuTumba meM hI samAja sevA kA bIja gAmbhIrya itanA sazakta honA cAhiye ki vidyArthI zraddhAvanata hone ke nihita hai| puna: isa dAyitva kA nirvahana zikSA kI javAbadehI hai, ke liye vivaza ho jaaye| gItA ke AThaveM adhyAya meM eka sAtha kintu prathama dRSTayA atyadhika AkarSita pratIta hone vAlI "oNna aneka praznoM kI bauchAra aura gItA ke zikSaka zrIkRSNa dvArA lAina DAyagnosisa" aura "DisTensa larniMga' jaisI zaikSika atyanta dhairya ke sAtha diye gaye uttara unakI jJAna-garimA kI pratiSThA avadhAraNAoM se yaha sambhava nahIM hai, kyoMki zikSA sambandhI ye ke paricAyaka haiN| ye uttara vastuta: zikSaka kI javAbadehI ke usa avadhAraNAe~ jIvana ko dekhane kI maulika dRSTi pradAna karane meM naitika pakSa kA pratinidhitva karate haiM ki jisake pAsa dene ko hai, nitAnta asamartha hai| inake duSprabhAva ne zikSA meM rugNa aura vaha dene ke liye vivaza hai, isa dRSTi se zikSaka-zikSArthI sambandha mA~ aura bAlaka ke sambandha ke samakakSa haiM jise gopInAtha kavirAja vikSipta vyaktitva ko janma diyA hai, jo hRdayahIna aura bhAva zUnya hai, jisake pAsa manuSyatA nahIM, karuNA nahIM, prema kA koI ne mahAbhAva kI saMjJA se saMjJApita kiyA hai| yaha sambandha vastuta: tyAga ke stara kA nahIM varan prema ke stara kA hai, kyoMki tyAga meM jharanA nahIM, prANoM kI koI UrjA nahIM, jo mAtra hisAba lagAne to dvaita hai, prema meM advaita hotA hai| vAlI kampyUTara mazIna ke samAna jIvana kA bojhA uThAne meM apanA abhyudaya aura niHzreyasa svIkAra kara svayam ko dhanya samajhatA isa prakAra premAdhArita vaicArika niSThA hI naitika javAbadehI hai| isa dRSTi se apane vidyArthiyoM ke prati zikSaka kI bhAvanAtmaka kA paryAya ho sakatI hai aura yaha mAtra adhyApana kI pratibaddhatA kA vizeSa mahatva hai, tadartha AvazyakatA hai : aupacArikatA se saMbhava nahIM hogA, svayama gaharAI meM jAnA hogA, apane zikSArthI ko 'gahare pAnI paiTha' kI hada taka lekara jAnA zikSaka dvArA apane pUrvAgrahoM, AzAoM, AzaMkAoM ko hogA, aisI lagana aura gaharAI meM jAne kI sAdha jo paidA kara Aropita karane ke sthAna para zikSArthI ko samajhane kI, usakI sake, vahI adhyApaka hai| aise adhyApaka hI bhagavAna buddha kI bhA~ti bhAvanAoM ko samajhane kii| prabhutva prApta karane kI jaTila tathA AtmadIpobhava kA saMdeza de sakate haiN| bhayaMkara vAsanA ke adhIna durAgraha pUrvaka AtmatuSTIkaraNa hetu 0 aSTadazI / 1400
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________________ apane chAtra-chAtrAoM kA upayoga karanevAlA aura isI ko guru prApta karanA nahIM thA varan usake samakSa to zikSArthI sahita sevA kA paryAya mAnanevAlA zikSaka, zikSaka hone yogya nahIM varan sAmAjika citta zuddhi ke Ayojana evaM uttarottara unnayana kA usakA to saMvedanAtmaka stara para chAtra ke prati ananya prema honA sarvAdhika mahat dAyitva thaa| Aja ke zikSaka ko aisI hI caahiye| gItA adhyAya dasa meM zikSaka zrIkRSNa ke zikSArthI ke zAntimaya krAnti kA agradUta banakara "pathIkRta vicakSaNaH" prati atizaya prema ke samAna, jisakI parAkASThA kI ghoSaNA bana zikSArthI ke samakSa udAharaNa prastuta karane hoNge| zrI mA~ kA "pANDavAnAm dhanaMjaya" ke kathana meM dRSTavya hai, jisake liye abhimata hai : vinobA kahate haiM ki isase adhika prema kA pAgalapana aura "yadi tuma cAhate ho ki tumhArA baccA Adara kare to premonmattatA kahA~ hogI? gyArahavA~ adhyAya isI prIti kA prasAda svayam apane prati Adara bhAva rakho tathA sammAna ke upayukta rUpa hai| yaha nizcita hai jahA~ prema hogA vahA~ ahiMsA, dhairya, karuNA, bno| kabhI svecchAcArI, atyAcArI, asahiSNu aura krodhita mata kSamA Adi kI bhAvanAyeM svameva pratiSThita ho jaayegii| hamArI hoo| bacce ko zikSA dene kI yogyatA prApta karane ke liye zikSA kI bhAratIya saMkalpanA paraspara parAyaNatA "baudhayantaH prathama kartavya hai apane Apa ko zikSA denA, apane viSaya meM parasparaM" kI bhAvanA para AdhArita hai| hamArI prAcIna paramparA to sacetana honA aura apane Upara prabhatva sthApita karanA jisase hama "tejasvinAvadhItamastu" kI paramparA hai jisameM zikSaka bacce ke sAmane koI burA udAharaNa peza na kreN| ekamAtra zikSArthI ke adhyayana ke sthAna para hama donoM (zikSaka aura udAharaNa hI zikSA phaladAyI banatI hai|" bApU ne bhI eka bAra zikSArthI) kA adhyayana tejasvI bane, aisI kAmanA kI gaI hai| chAtra-chAtrAoM ko sambodhita karate hue kahA thA ki "AcArya zikSA kI yaha vidhAyaka dhAraNA zikSaka ke ahaM aura prabhutva kI tathA adhyApakagaNa pustakoM ke pRSThoM se caritra nahIM sikhA skte| bhAvanA ko niyaMtrita kara svastha paramparA kA poSaNa karatI hai| caritra nirmANa to unake jIvana se sIkhA jAtA hai|" zikSaka dvArA anugamita isa prakAra kI sahayogAtmaka abhivRtti vastuta: zikSaka ke vicAra aura kArya saMyukta hokara chAtra meM AsthA kA saMcAra kara usakI asIma sambhAvyatAoM ko vidyArthI ke mana meM sahayoga, sahiSNutA, tyAga, prema Adi ujAgara karatI hai, aise zikSaka ke prati hI chAtra sahaja samarpita bhAvanAoM kA poSaNa karane meM sakSama hoNge| Aja zikSaka ke pArTa ho arjuna ke samAna kaha sakatA hai para mana, vacana aura karma kI ekatAnatA evaM gatyAtmakatA kA naSTomoha: smRtirlabdhA tvatprasAdAnmayAcyuta abhAva zikSA kI sabase bar3I trAsadI hai| naitika javAbadehI kI sthito'smi gata saMdehaH kariSye vacanam tava / / 18/73 / apekSA yaha hai ki adhyApaka kA vyaktitva vyAdhAtmaka na ho, vyavahAra niSThA : siddhAMta aura vyavahAra meM doharI nIti kA anugamana na ho| jJAna vinobA "zikSA pracAra" meM kahate haiM ki "gItA meM ke tatkAla saMkramaNa hetu zikSA meM isa prakAra kI sthiti Thosa prAyaH jJAna aura vijJAna do zabda sAtha-sAtha Ate haiN| jJAna kA / aura uttama prabhAva kI vAhikA siddha hogii| anukaraNIya vyaktitva artha hai AtmajJAna jo buddhigata hai, vaha jaba indriyoM meM utaratA hai, ke rUpa meM naitika javAbadehI se vibhUSita isa prakAra ke zikSaka jIvana meM paga jAtA hai to vijJAna bana jAtA hai| vijJAna kA artha kA artha hotA hai - kakSA meM bhayarahita zAnti aura anuzAsana kA hai pagA huA jJAna, paraniSThita jnyaan| ..... viveka kI sahAyatA vAtAvaraNa, chAtroM meM AnandadAyI sphUrti kI vidyamAnatA, zikSaka se jJAna vijJAna banatA hai| jaba taka pUrA viveka jAgrata na ho ke prati sahaja kintu sazakta Adara bhAva kA avirala prvaah| jJAnAnurUpa jInA sambhava nahIM hogaa| jaba taka jJAna AcaraNa meM antata: zikSA utpAda nahIM hai, nizcita rUpa se zikSA nahIM utaratA use vijJAna kA rUpa nahIM milegaa|'' saMskAra hai jo zikSArthI ko usakI samagra sambhAvanAoM se saMyukta bhArata meM prAcIna kAla se arvAcIna kAla taka AcAryoM kI karatA hai aura jisakI siddhi zikSaka kI naitika javAbadehI kI paramparA calI AyI hai| saMskRta kA "AcArya' zabda svayama sudRr3ha pIThikA para AdhArita hai| bolatA hai - Acirati AcAram kArayati - jo svayam AcaraNa karatA hai aura dUsaroM se karAtA hai vaha hai aacaary| isa saMkalpanA ke adhIna hamAre yahA~ adhyApaka svayam meM eka saMsthA thA, kisI saMsthA ke adhIna nahIM thaa| usa adhyApaka kA kArya mAtra vetana 0 aSTadazI/1410