Page #1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ ghaTavaNDAgama aura kasAyapAhuDa DaoN. cetanaprakAza pATanI digambara paramparaH meM SaTkhaNDAgama aura kaSAyaprAkRta kI gaganA Agama granthoM meM kI jAtI hai| inameM karma-siddhAnta viSayaka gambhIra. vizada evaM vistRta carcA hai| SarkhaNDAgama meM chaha khaNDa hai, jinameM se jInsthAna Adi pA~ca khaNDoM kI racanA AcArya puSpadanta ne kI tathA chaDe khaNDa mahAbaMdha ko racanA bhUtabalI ne kii| kANayaprAbhRna ke racayitA AcArya gugadhara the| kaSAyaprAbhRta meM mAtra mohakarma kI carcA hai| jainadarzana ke vidvAn evaM jyanArAyaNa vyAsa vizvavidyAlaya meM hindI ke saha AcArya DA. pATanI jA ne SaTakhaNDAgA aura kaSAyaprAbhUta (kasAyapAhuDa) kA inakI TIkAoM sahita saMkSepa meM paricaya karAyA hai| vyApaka adhyayana ke lie mUlagrantha evaM TIkAe~ adhyetavya haiN| -sampAdaka paramparA ___ avicchinna zrutaparamparA ke AkAMkSI dIrghadarzI dharasenAcArya ke ziSya AcArya puSpadanta aura bhUtabalI dvArA viracita SaTkhaNDAgama digambara jaina sAhitya kI anupama nidhi hai| antima tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA apanI divyadhvani ke mAdhyama se pratipAdita vastusvarUpa ko pradhAna gaNadhara gautama ne dvAdazAMga vANI ke rUpa meM grathita kara paravartI AcAryoM ko zruta paramparA se sulabha kraayaa| zruta kI yaha maukhika paramparA kramaza: kSINa hotI calI gii| bhagavAna ke nirvANa ke bAda 62 varSa meM tIna anubaddha kevalI bhagavAna hue, pazcAt sau varSa ke kAla meM pA~ca zruta kevalI dvAdazAMga jJAna ke dhArI hue| usake bAda 183 varSa meM 11 aMga aura 10 pUrva ke jJAtA AcAryoM kI paramparA clii| anantara 220 varSoM meM kevala pA~ca ho AcArya aise hue jinheM 11 aMgoM kA jJAna prApta thaa| isake bAda aMgoM kA jJAna lupta hone lagA aura kevala cAra AcArya aise hue jinheM eka aMga kA aura zeSa aMgoM va pUrvo ke eka deza kA jJAna prApta thaa| taba taka zruta ko lipibaddha karane ke prayAsoM kA zubhArambha nahIM huA thaa| avataraNa bhagavAna kI divyadhvani se niHsRta yaha jJAna AcArya paramparA se kramaza: hIna hotA huA AcArya dharasena taka aayaa| ve atyanta kuzala nimittajJAnI the| apane nimisajJAna se ve yaha jAna rahe the ki mahAkarmaprakRti prAbhRta ke jJAtA ve antima AcArya haiN| usake bAda maukhika / zruta paramparA ke bala para Agama jJAna kI isa dhArA ko baDhAnA sambhava nahIM rhegaa| ata: unheM isakI surakSA kI cintA huii| apanI cintA se mukta hone ke lie unhoMne 'giranAra' siddha kSetra ko apanI sAdhanA sthalI bnaayaa| apane saMghastha ziSyoM meM unheM koI aisA samartha sAdhaka nahIM dikhA jo unake Agama jJAna ko grahaNa kara lipibaddha kara sake, ata: mahimAnagarI meM sampanna hone vAle 'muni sammelana' ko unhoMne saMdeza bhejakara apanI cintA se avagata karAyA aura do yogya
Page #2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ SaTkhaNDAgama aura kasAyapAhuDa 489 samartha sAdhaka bhijavAne kA apanA abhiprAya prakaTa kiyaa| muni sammelana meM isa mahAn AcArya ke abhiprAya ko pUrNa sammAna diyA gayA aura tatrasthita sAdhuoM meM se viSayAzAnivRtta aura jJAnadhyAna meM anurakta do samartha. dRr3ha zraddhAnI sAdhuoM--puSpadanta aura bhUtabalI ko giranAra kI ora vihAra krvaayaa| jaba muni puSpadanta aura bhUtabalI giranAra pahaMcane vAle the usakI pUrva rAtri meM AcArya dharasena svAmI ne dekhA ki do zukla varNa ke vRSabha A rahe haiN| svapna dekhate hI unake muMha se nikala par3A- "jayau sudadevatA' zrutadevatA jayavanta rhe| dUsare dina donoM sAdhu AcArya caraNoM meM upasthita ho gye| bhaktipUrvaka AcAryavandanA karake unhoMne apane Ane kA prayojana bnaayaa| parIkSApradhAnI AcArya ne donoM muniyoM ko eka-eka maMtra dekara use siddha karane kA Adeza diyaa| yogya muniyoM ne maMtra siddha kiyA, parantu maMtroM kI vazavartI deviyA~ jaba sAdhakoM ke sAmane AjJA mAMgane pragaTa huI to ve sundara nahIM thIeka ke dAMta bar3he hue the, dUsarI ekAkSI thii| samartha sAdhakoM ne turanta bhApa liyA ki unake maMtra adhikAkSara aura nyUnAkSara doSagrasta the| unhoMne apane mantroM ko zuddha kiyA aura punaH sAdhanA-saMlagna hue taba donoM ke sAmane sudarzana deviyAM prakaTa huii| AcArya dharasena ne donoM kI bhakti aura niSThA ko jAnakara usI dina se unheM mahAkarmaprakRti prAbhRta rUpa Agama jJAna pradAna karanA prArambha kara diyaa| donoM ziSyoM ne vinIta bhAva se usa anamola dharohara ko grahaNa kiyA aura apanI dhAraNA meM usakA saMcaya kiyaa| ASAr3ha zuklA ekAdazI ke punIta divasa para jJAna dAna kA yaha mahAn anuSThAna sampanna huaa| varSAyoga nikaTa thaa| prAta: dUsare ho dina AcArya dharasena ne muni puSpadanta aura bhUtabalI ko vihAra karane kA Adeza de diyaa| donoM muni vahAM se vihAra kara nau dinoM ke bAda aMkalezvara phuNce| vahAM unhoMne varSAyoga dhAraNa kiyA aura guru se adhIta jJAna ke AdhAra para sUtra racanA kA kArya prArambha kara diyA aura anavarata usI meM saMlagna kara use pUrNa kiyaa| puSpadanta aura bhUtabalI dvArA Agama ko lipibaddha karane kA yaha nUtana prayAsa sabake dvArA samAdRta huaa| samakAlIna aura paravartI jJAnapipAsu AcAryoM ne ina sUtroM kI upayogitA aura mahattA ko svIkAra kiyaa| SaTkhaNDAnukrama AcArya puSpadanta dvArA praNIta grantha kI prathama gAthA hamArA 'paMca namaskAra maMtra' yA 'NamokAra maMtra' hI hai jo dIrghakAla se pratyeka jaina ke kaNTha ko zabhA hai| isa Agama grantha ko Aja AgamasiddhAnta, paramAgama aura SaTakhaNDAgama Adi nAmoM se jAnA jAtA hai| saMkSepa meM SaTkhaNDAgama kA varNya viSaya isa prakAra hai
Page #3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 490. . jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka __ prathama khaNDa 'jIvaTThANa' hai| isake antargata ATha anuyogadvAra aura nau cUlikAoM meM guNasthAna aura mArgaNAoM kA Azraya lekara jIva kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya khaNDa 'khuddAbaMdha' hai| isa kSullaka bandhakhaNDa meM gyAraha prarUpaNAoM dvArA karmabandha karane vAle jIva kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| tIsare khaNDa 'baMdhasvAmitvaviSaya' meM kitanI prakRtiyoM kA kisa jIva ke kahAM taka baMdha hotA hai, kisake nahIM hotA hai, kitanI prakRtiyoM kI kisa guNasthAna meM vyunchitti hotI hai, svodaya aura parodaya bandharUpa prakRtiyAM kitanI-kitanI haiM, ityAdi viSayoM kA varNana hai| caturtha khaNDa 'vedanAkhaNDa' hai| isake antargata kRti aura vedanA anuyoga dvAra haiN| pA~caveM vargaNAkhaNDa meM bandhanIya ke antargata vargaNA adhikAra ke atirikta sparza, karmaprakRti aura bandhana kA pahalA bheda baMdha, ina anuyogadvAroM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| indranandI ne zrutAvatAra meM kahA hai ki bhUtabalI ne puSpadanta viracita pA~ca khaNDoM ke sUtroM sahita , chaha hajAra sUtra racane ke pazcAt mahAbaMdha nAmaka chaThe khaNDa kI racanA ko| isameM prakRti, pradeza sthiti aura anubhAga bandha kA vistRta varNana hai| SaTkhaNDAgama TIkAgrantha AgamajJAna ke isa anupama bhaNDAra ke lipibaddha hone para hI AcAryoM kA dhyAna isakI TIkA/ bhASya kI ora gyaa| karmaprAbhRta (SaTkhaNDAgama) aura kaSAyaprAbhRta-ina donoM siddhAntoM kA jJAna guru-paramparA se kundakundapura ke padmanandI muni ko prApta huA aura unhoMne sabase pahale SaTkhaNDAgama ke prathama tIna khaNDoM para bAraha hajAra zloka pramANa TIkAgrantha likhA jisakA nAma 'parikarma' thaa| aphasosa, Aja yaha TIkA hameM upalabdha nahIM hai| mahAn tArkika AcArya samantabhadra ne SakhaNDAgama ke pA~ca khaNDoM para ar3atAlIsa hajAra zloka pramANa vizAla TIkA kii| yaha atyanta sarala aura mRdula saMskRta meM likhI gaI thii| SakhaNDAgama ke prathama pA~ca khaNDoM para aura kaSAyaprAbhRta para zAmakunda dvArA tIsarI TIkA likhI gaI hai| tumbulUra nAmaka AcArya kI 'cUr3AmaNi' TIkA isa Agama grantha kI cauthI TIkA hai| bappadeva guru ke dvArA isa grantha kI 'vyAkhyA prajJapti' nAmaka pA~cavI TIkA huii| ye pA~coM TIkAe~ SaTkhaNDAgama ke mUlalekhana ke kAla yAnI vikrama kI dUsarI sadI se bIrasena kI dhavalA TIkA ke racanAkAla IsA kI nauvIM zatAbdI taka kI hai| padmanandI prathama zatAbdI meM, samantabhadra dUsarI zatAbdI meM, zAmakanTa tIsarI zatAbdI meM, tumbulUra cauthI meM aura bappadeva AThavIM zatAbdI IsavI meM hue / AcArya vIrasena kI TIkA (dhavalA) kA kAla IsA kI gvama zatAbdI kA prathama caraNa hai|
Page #4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ SaTkhaNDAgama aura kasAyapAhuDa 4011 491 SaTkhaNDAgama para sabase pahale vizAla dIkA AcArya vIrasena svAmI kI hai| inake ziSya AcArya jinasena ne apane guru ko 'bhaTTAraka', 'vAdivRndAraka muni' aura 'siddhAntopanibandhakartA' kahA hai tathA unakI dhavalA TokA ko 'bhuvanavyApinI' saMjJA pradAna kI hai| vIrasenAcArya ne citrakUTa para (cittaur3agar3ha) meM apane guru zrI elAcArya ke pAsa rahakara samasta siddhAnta kA adhyayana kiyA aura vahIM TIkA kA lekhana prArabha kiyaa| bAda meM vATaprAma pdhaare| vahAM unheM bApadeva kI TIkA dekhane ko milI, jisake AdhAra para vahIM unhoMne pA~ca khaNDoM para 72 hajAra zloka pramANa prAkRta aura saMskRta mizrita 'dhavalA' TIkA likhii| SaTakhaNDAgama kA chaThA khaNDa mahAbandha svayaM AcArya bhUtabalI dvArA vistAra pUrvaka likhA gayA thaa| isakI prasiddhi 'mahAdhavala' nAma se huii| dhavalA TIkA kI samApti kArtika zuklA 13 zaka saMvat 738 tadanusAra dinAMka 8 akTUbara san 816 budhavAra ko prAta: kAla huii| sambhavata: zukla pakSa meM pUrNa hone ke kAraNa isa TIkA kA nAma dhavalA TIkA rakhA gyaa| vizada aura spaSTa artha meM dhavala zabda kA prayoga hone se bhI yaha dhavalA khlaaii| amoghavarSa ke rAjyakAla meM yaha TIkA racI gii| usakI eka upAdhi 'atizaya dhavala' bhI milatI hai| sambhava hai isI upAdhi ke kAraNa isa TIkA kA nAma dhavalA TIkA rakhA gayA ho| kaSAyaprAbhRta AcArya dharasena ke samakAlIna AcArya guNadhara hue| unhoMne kaSAyaprAbhRta- kasAyapAhuDa kI racanA kii| yativRSabha AcArya ne usa para cUrNisUtra likhe| dhavalA TIkA pUrNa karane ke bAda AcArya vIrasena ne kaSAyaprAbhRta kI TIkA likhanA prArambha kiyaa| 20 hajAra zloka pramANa likhane ke bAda unakA nidhana ho gyaa| taba unake ziSya AcArya jinasena ne cAlIsa hajAra zloka pramANa aura likha kara usa TIkA ko pUrNa kiyaa| kaSAyaprAbhRta sacUrNisUtra ko TIkA kA nAma jayadhavalA hai| sATha hajAra zloka pramANa yaha jayadhavalA TIkA uparyukta donoM AcAryoM dvArA kula milAkara 21 varSoM ke dIrghakAla meM likhI gii| jayadhavalA zaka saMvat 759 meM pUrNa huii| prakAzana ghaTakhaNDAgama ke mudraNa kA bhI lambA itihAsa hai| vartamAna meM upalabdha 'dhavalA' ke 16 bhAga 1936 I. se 1956 I. taka 20 varSoM kI avadhi meM chape hai| aba to inake saMzodhita navIna saMskaraNa bhI prakAzita ho cuke haiN| kaSAyaprAbhRta ke 16 khaNDa zrI bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina saMgha, mathurA ne prakAzita kiye haiN| 16 bhAgoM meM kula 6415 pRSThoM meM jayadhavalA TIkA sAnubATa prakAzita huI hai| isameM mAtra moha kA varNana hai jisameM darzanamoha aura cAritramoha donoM garbhita haiN| zeSa sAta karmoM kI prarUpaNA isameM nahIM hai|
Page #5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 492 jinavANI- jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAyaka mohanIya kA jitanA sUkSmatama acintya va maulika varNana isameM hai vaisA anyatra kahIM dekhane ko nahIM miltaa| SaTkhaNDAgama nAmaka mUlagrantha kA chaThA khaNDa mahAbaMdha hai| ise hI mahAdhavala kahate haiN| yaha mUla khaNDa hI 30 hajAra zloka pramANa hai ata: isa para kisI bhI AcArya ko TIkA likhane kI AvazyakatA anubhUta nahIM huii| kisI ne likhI to bhI vaha mUla se bhI choTI hI rhii| bappadeva ne 8005 zlokoM meM mahAbaMdha kI TIkA rcii| yahI SaTkhaNDAgama kA aMtima khaNDa mahAbandha yA mahAdhavala anuvAda sahita sAta bhAgoM meM bhAratIya jJAnapITha se chapa cukA hai| pichale dinoM ina sAta bhAgoM kA punarmudraNa huA hai| mahAdhavala TIkA meM sabhI karma-prakRtiyoM ke bandha kA savistAra sAMgopAMga varNana hai| prathama pustaka meM prakRtibandha kA varNana hai| dUsarI aura tIsarI pustaka meM sthiti baMdha varNita hai| caturtha va paMcama pustaka meM anubhAga bandha tathA chaThI-sAtavIM pustaka meM pradeza baMdha kA varNana hai| SaTkhaNDAgama kI prasiddha TIkA 'dhavalA' saMskRta mizrita prAkRta bhASA meM bhagavad vIrasena svAmI dvArA 72000 zloka pramANa likhI gaI haiN| vartamAna meM isakA anuvAda hindI meM 7000 pRSThoM meM 16 bhAgoM / pustakoM meM huA hai| prathama chaha bhAgoM meM SaTkhaNDAgama ke jIvasthAna nAmaka prathama khaNDa kI TIkA hai| prathama pustaka meM guNasthAnoM tathA mArgaNAsthAnoM kA vivaraNa hai| guNasthAna tathA mArgaNAsthAna sampUrNa dhavala, jayadhavala aura mahAdhavala kA hArda * hai| dUsarI pustaka meM guNasthAna, jIva-samAsa, paryApti Adi 20 prarUpaNAoM dvArA jIva kI parIkSA kI gaI hai| tIsarI pustaka dravyapramANAnugama hai jisameM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki brahmANDa meM sakala jIva kitane haiN| isameM bhinna-bhinna avasthAoM, gatiyoM Adi meM bhI jIvoM kI saMkhyAe~ gaNita zailI se savistAra tathA sapramANa batAI gaI haiN| cauthI pustaka meM kSetra sparzana kAlAnugama dvArA batAyA gayA hai ki sakala brahmANDa meM jIva nivAsa karate hue, vihAra Adi karate hue kitanA kSetra vartamAna meM tathA atIta meM chUte haiM yA chU pAe haiN| sthAnoM tathA mArgaNAoM meM se pratyeka avasthA vAle jIvoM kA Azraya kara yaha prarUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| kAlAnugama meM mithyAdRSTi Adi jIvoM kI kAlAvadhi vistAra se prarUpita kI gaI hai| pA~cavI pustaka antarabhAva alpabahutvAnugama meM batAyA hai ki- 1. vivakSita guNasthAna chor3akara anyatra jAkara puna: usI guNasthAna meM jIva kitane samaya bAda A sakatA hai / 2. karmoM ke upazama, kSaya va kSayopazama se hone vAle jo pariNAma haiM, unheM bhAva kahate haiN| ve bhAva mithyAdRSTi Adi meM tathA narakagati Adi meM kaise hote haiM tathA 3 vibhinna guNasthAnAdika meM jIvoM kI hInAdhika saMkhyA kaisI hai? chaThI pustaka cUlikA svarUpa hai| isameM prakRti samutkIrtana, sthAna samutkIrtana, tIna
Page #6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ SaTkhaNDAgama aura kasAyapAhuDa ... daNDaka, utkRSTa sthiti, jaghanya sthiti samyaktvotpatti tathA gati-Agani nAmaka nau cUlikAe~ haiN| inameM se prathama do cUlikAoM meM karmoM ke bhedoM aura unake sthAnoM kI prarUpaNA hai| samyagdarzana ke samgakha jIva kina-kina prakRtiyoM ko bAMdhatA hai isake spaSTIkaraNArtha 3 TaNDaka svarUpa 3 cUlikAe~ haiN| karmoM kI jaghanya tathA utkRSTa sthiti ko chaThI va sAtavIM cUlikAe~ batAtI haiN| isa prakAra ina sAta calikAoM meM karma kA vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| antima do cUlikAoM meM samyagdarzana kI utpatti tathA jIvoM kI gati--Agati batAI gaI hai| isa prakAra chaThI pustaka meM mukhyata: karmaprakRtiyoM kA varNana hai| sAtavIM pustaka meM SaTkhaNDAgama ke dUsare khaNDa kSudrakabandha kI TIkA hai jisameM saMkSepa meM karmabandha kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| AThavIM pustaka meM SaTkhaNDAgama ke tIsare khaNDa bandhasvAmitva viSaya kI TIkA pUrNa huI hai| kaunasA karmabandha kisa guNasthAna tathA mArgaNA se sambhava hai, yaha isameM varNita hai| isI sandarbha meM nirantarabandhI, sAntarabandhI, dhruvabandhI Adi prakRtiyoM kA khulAsA tathA bandha ke pratyayoM kA khulAsA hai|| navama bhAga meM vedanA khaNDa saMbaMdhI kRti anuyogadvAra ko TIkA hai| vahAM Adya 44 sUtroM kI TIkA meM vibhinna jJAnoM kI vizada prarUpaNA kI hai| phira sUtra 45 se anta taka kRti anuyogadvAra kA vibhinna adhikAroM meM prarUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| dasavIM pustaka meM pakhaNDAgama ke vedanA khaNDa viSayaka vedanAnikSepa, nayavibhASaNatA, nAmavidhAna tathA vedanAdravyavidhAna anuyogadvAroM kA savistAra vivecana hai| gyArahavIM pustaka meM vedanA kSetravidhAna tathA vedanA kAlavidhAna kA vibhinna anuyogadvAroM-adhikAroM dvArA varNana karake phira do cUlikAoM dvArA akathita artha kA prarUpaNa tathA prarUpita artha kA viziSTa khulAsA kiyA hai| bArahavIM pustaka meM vedanA bhAvavidhA Adi 10 anuyogadvAroM dvArA guNazreNinirjarA tathA anubhAga se saMbaMdhita sUkSmatama, vistRta tathA anyatra alabhya aisI prarUpaNA kI gaI hai| isa taraha vedanA anuyogadvAra ke 16 adhikAra tIna pustakoM 10-11-12 meM saTIka pUrNa hote haiN| SaTkhaNDAgama ke pA~caveM khaNDa kI TIkA (vargaNA khaNDa) terahavIM, caudahavIM pustaka meM huI hai| terahavIM pustaka meM sparza, karma va prakRti anuyogadvAra hai| sparza anuyogadvAra kA 16 avAntara adhikAroM dvArA vivecana karake phira karma anuyogadvAra kA akalpya 16 anuyogadvAroM dvArA varNana karake tatpazcAt antima prakRti anuyogadvAra meM 8 karmoM kA sAMgopAMga varNana hai| caudahavIM pustaka meM bandhana anuyogadvAra dvArA bandha, bandhaka, bandhanIya (jisameM 23 vargaNAoM kA vivecana hai, pA~ca zarIra kI prarUpaNA bhI hai tathA bandha vidhAna kA mAtra nAma nirdeza hai|) dvArA prarUpaNA kI hai| antima do pustakoMpandrahavIM, solahavIM dvArA zabdabrahma, lokavijJa, manivRndAraka, bhagavad
Page #7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 1894 jinavANI- jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAGaka. vIrasenasvAmI ne satkarmAntargata zeSa 18 anuyogadvAroM (nibandhana, prakrama Adi) kI vistRta vivecanA kI hai| isa taraha 16 pustakoM meM dhavalA TokA sAnuvAda pUrI hotI hai| dhavalA kI 16 pustakeM, jayadhavalA kI 16 pustakeM aura mahAdhavala kI 7 pustakeMkula milAkara 39 pustakeM tathA inake kula pRSTha 16341 prAmANika jinAgama haiN| kevalI ko vANI dvArA nibaddha dvAdazAMga se inakA sIdhA saMbaMdha hone se SaTakhaNDAgama atyanta prAmANika grantharAja hai, yaha nirvivAda siddha hai| (srota-prastuta saMkSipta paricaya zrI nIraja jaina kI pustaka 'SaTkhaNDAgama kI avataraNa kathA' tathA paM. javAharalAla zAstrI kI pustaka 'dhavala jayadhavalasAra' se saMkalita kiyA gayA hai|) -sahaAcArya, hindI-vibhAga, jayanArAyaNa vyAsa vizvavidyAlaya, jodhapura