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________________ sarvajJatva aura usakA artha hetuvAda-ahetuvAda . prastuta lekha kA Azaya samajhane ke lie prArambha meM thor3A prAstAvika vicAra dAnA jarUrI hai, jisase pAThaka vaktavya kA bhalIbhA~ti vizleSaNa kara sake / jIvana ke zraddhA aura buddhi ye do mukhya aMza haiN| ve paraspara vibhakta nahIM haiM; phira bhI donoM ke pravRtti kSetra yA viSaya thor3e bahuta parimANa meM jude bhI haiN| buddhi, tarka, anumAna yA vijJAna se jo vastu siddha hotI hai usameM zraddhA kA praveza sarala hai, parantu zraddhA ke samI viSayoM meM anumAna yA vijJAna kA prayoga saMbhava nhiiN| atIndriya aneka tattva aise haiM jo jude-jude sampradAya meM zraddhA ke viSaya bane dekhe Ate haiM, para una tatvoM kA nirvivAda samarthana anumAna yA vijJAna kI sImA se pare hai / udAharaNArtha, jo zraddhAlu Izvara ko vizva ke kartA-dhartA rUpa se mAnate haiM yA jo zraddhAlu kisI meM traikAlika sarvajJatva mAnate haiM, ve cAhate to haiM ki unakI mAnyatA anumAna yA vijJAna se samarthita ho, para aisI mAnyatA ke samarthana meM jaba tarka yA vijJAna prayatna karane lagatA hai taba kaI bAra balavattara virodhI anumAna usa mAnyatA ko ulaTa bhI dete haiN| aisI vastusthiti dekhakara tattvaciMtakoM ne vastu ke svarUpAnusAra usake samarthana ke lie do upAya alagaalaMga batalAe--eka upAya hai hetuvAda, jisakA prayogavartula deza-kAla kI sImA se pare nhiiN| dUsarA upAya hai ahetuvAda, jo dezakAla kI sImA se yA indriya aura mana kI pahu~ca se para aise viSayoM meM upayogI hai| isa bAta ko jaina parampaga kI dRSTi se prAcIna bahuzruta zrAcAryoM ne spaSTa bhI kiyA hai / jaba unake sAmane dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya tathA bhavyatva 1. duviho dhammAvAso aheuvAzrI ya heuvAyo ya / tattha u aheuvAno bhaviyA'bhaviyAdazro bhAvA / / bhavizro sammaiMsaNa-gANa-carittapaDivattisaMpannoM / NiyamA dukkhaMtakaDo tti lakkhaNaM heuvAyarasa // jo heuvAyapakkhammi heuro aAgame ya aagmitro| so sasamayapaNNavo siddhantavirAho anno|| -sanmati prakaraNa 3.43-5 tathA ina gAthAoM kA gujarAtI vivecana /
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________________ sarvazatva aura usakA artha abhavyatva ke vibhAga jaise sAmpradAyika mAnyatA ke prazna tarka ke dvArA samarthana ke lie upasthita hue taba unhoMne kaha diyA ki aise atIndriya viSaya hetuvAda se siddha ho nahIM skte| unako ahetubAda se hI mAnakara calanA hogA / ahetuvAda kA artha hai paramparAgata zrAgama para yA RSipratibhA para athavA AdhyAtmika prajJA para vizvAsa rkhnaa| yaha nahIM ki mAtra jaina paramparA ne hI aise ahetuvAda kA zrAzraya liyA ho| sabhI dhArmika paramparAoM ko apanI kisI na kisI atIndriya mAnyatAoM ke bAre meM apanI-apanI dRSTi se ahetuvAda kA Azraya lenA par3A hai| jaba vedAnta ko atIndriya paramabrahma kI sthApanA meM tarka bAdhaka dikhAI die taba usane zruti kA antima zrAzraya lene kI bAta kahI aura tarkApratiSThAnAta' kara diyaa| isI taraha jaba nAgArjuna jaise prabala tArkika ko svabhAvanairAtmyarUpa zUnya tattva ke sthApana meM takavAda adhUrA yA bAdhaka dikhAI diyA taba usane prajJA kA Azraya liyA / keNTa jaise tattvajJa ne bhI deza-kAla se para aise tattva ko buddhi yA vijJAna kI sImA se para batalAkara mAtra zraddhA kA viSaya sUcita kiyaa| spensara kI zrAlocanA karate hue vila DurAM ne svaSTa kaha diyA ki IzvaravAdI vijJAna ke kSetra meM praveza karanA chor3a deM aura vaijJAnika loga Izvara tattva yA dharma ke viSaya meM praveza karanA chor3a deN| yaha eka prakAra kA hetu-ahetuvAda ke vartula kA vibhAjana hI to hai! ____ sarvajJatva jaina paramparA kI cirazraddheya aura upAsya vastu hai / prazna to itanA hI hai ki usakA artha kyA ? aura vaha hetuvAda kA viSaya hai yA ahetuvAda kA ? isakA uttara zatAbdiyoM se hetuvAda ke dvArA diyA gayA hai| parantu bIca-bIca meM kucha prAcArya aise bhI hue haiM jinako isa viSaya meM hetuvAda kA upayoga karanA ThIka U~cA nahIM jAna par3atA / eka tarapha se sAre sampradAya meM sthira aisI pracalita siddha ce tutaH sarva na pratyakSAdito gatiH / siMddha cedAgamAtsarva viruddhArthamatAnyapi // virodhAnobhayakAmyaM syAdvAdanyAyavidviSAm / zrAvAcyataikAnte'pyukti vAcyamiti . yujyate / vaktaryanAte yaddhetoH sAdhyaM taddhetusAdhitam / Apte vaktari tadAkyAt sAdhyamAgamasAdhitam // -prAsamImAMsA zlo. 76-8. 1. tarkApratiSThAnAdapyanyathAnumeyamiti cedevamapyavimokSaprasaMga: / -brahmasUtra 2.1.11.
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________________ 552 jaina dharma aura darzana mAnyatA kA virodha karane kI kaThinAI aura dUsarI tarapha se sarvajJatva jaise atIndriya tatva meM alpajJatva ke kAraNa antima uttara dene kI kaThinAI ye donoM kaThinAiyA~ unake sAmane bhI avazya thIM, phira bhI unake taTastha tattvacintana aura nirbhayatva ne unheM cupa na rkhaa| aise prAcAryoM meM prathama haiM kundakunda aura dUsare haiM yAkinIsUnu haribhadra / kundakunda AdhyAtmika va gambhIra vicAraka rhe| unake sAmane sarvajJatva kA paramparAgata artha to thA hI, para jAna par3atA hai ki unheM mAtra paramparAvalambita bhAva meM santoSa na huzrA / ataeva pravacanasAra Adi granthoM meM jahA~ eka ora unhoMne paramparAgata traikAlika sarvasva kA lakSaNa nirUpaNa kiyA vahA~ niyamasAra meM unhoMne vyavahAra nizcaya kA vizleSaNa karake sarvajJatva kA aura bhI bhAva sujhaayaa| unhoMne spaSTa kahA ki lokAloka jaisI zrAtmetara vastuoM ko jAnane kI bAta kahanA yaha vyavahAranaya hai aura svAtmasvarUpa ko jAnanA va usameM nimagna honA yaha nizcayanaya hai | yaha dhyAna meM rahe ki samayasAra meM unhoMne khuda hI vyavahAranaya ko asadbhata-apAramArthika kahA hai / kundakunda ke vizleSaNa kA zrAzaya yaha jAna par3atA hai ki unakI dRSTi meM zrAtmasvarUpa kA jJAna hI mukhya va antima dhyeya rahA hai| isalie unhoMne usI ko pAramArthika yA nizcayanayasammata khaa| eka hI upayoga meM eka hI samaya jaba AtmA aura Atmetara vastuoM kA tulya pratibhAsa hotA ho taba usameM yaha vibhAga nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ki lokAloka kA bhAsa vyavahAranaya hai aura aura zrAtmatattva kA bhAsa nizcayanaya hai| donoM bhAsa yA to pAramArthika haiM yA donoM vyAvahArika haiM--aisA hI kahanA par3egA phira bhI jatra kundakunda jaise 1. pariNamado khalu gANaM paccakkhA sambadavapajAyA / so aiva te vijANadi zroggaha puvvAhi kiriyAhiM / Nasthi parokkhaM kiMcivi samaMta savvakvaguNasamiddhassa / akkhAtIdassa sadA sayameva hi NANajAdassa // -pravacanasAra 1.21-2. 2. appasarUvaM pecchadi loyAloyaM Na kevalI bhagavaM / jaha koi bhAi evaM tassa 3 kiM dUsaNaM hoI // -niyamasAra gA. 166. 3. vavahAro'bhUyatyo bhUyatyo desido du suddhaNazro / bhUyatthamassido khalu sammAiTI ivaha jIvo // --samayasAra gA.11.
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________________ sarvajJatva aura usakA artha 3 adhyAtmavedI ne nizcaya vyavahAra kA vizleSaNa kiyA taba yaha samajhanA kaThina nahIM ki paramparAgata mAnyatA ko cAlU rakhane ke uparAnta bhI unake mana meM eka nayA artha avazya sUjhA jo unhoMne apane priya nayavAda se vizleSaNa ke dvArA sUcita kiyA jisase zraddhAlu varga kI zraddhA bhI banI rahe aura vizeSa jijJAsu vyakti ke lie eka naI bAta bhI sujhAI jAya / asala meM kundakunda kA yaha nizcayavAda upaniSadoM, bauddhapiTakoM aura prAcIna baina ullekhoM meM bhI jude-jude rUpa se nihita thA, para sacamuca kundakunda ne use jaina paribhASA meM nae rUpa se pragaTa kiyA / aise hI dUsare zrAcArya hue haiM yAkinIsUnu haribhadra / ve bhI aneka tarkagranthoM meM traikAlika sarvajJatva kA hetuvAda se samarthana kara cuke the, para jaba unako usa hetuvAda meM truTi va virodha dikhAI diyA taba unhoMne sarvajJatva kA sarvasampradAya zraviruddha artha kiyA va apanA yogasulabha mAdhyasthya sUcita kiyA / maiMne prastuta lekha meM koI naI bAta to kahI nahIM hai, para kahIM hai to vaha itanI hI hai ki agara sarvajJatva ko tarka se, dalIla se yA aitihAsika krama se samajhanA yA samajhAnA ho to purAne jaina granthoM ke kucha ullekhoM ke AdhAra para va upaniSadoM tathA piTakoM ke sAtha tulanA karake maiMne jo artha samajhAyA hai vaha zAyada satya ke nikaTa adhika hai| traikAlika sarvajJatva ko mAnanA ho to zraddhApuSTi va caritrazuddhi ke dhyeya se usako mAnane meM koI nukasAna nahIM / hA~, itanA samajha rakhanA cAhie ki vaisA sarvazatva hetuvAda kA viSaya nahIM, vaha to dharmAstikAya Adi kI taraha zrahetuvAda kA hI viSaya ho sakatA hai| aise sarvajJatva ke samarthana meM hetuvAda kA prayoga kiyA jAya to usase use samarthita hone ke bajAya aneka anivArya virodhoM kA hI sAmanA karanA par3egA / zraddhA kA viSaya mAnane ke do kAraNa haiM / eka to purAtana zranubhavI yoginoM ke kathana kI vartamAna ajJAna sthiti meM zravahelanA na karanA / aura - dUsarA vartamAna vaijJAnika khoja ke vikAsa para dhyAna denA / zrabhI taka ke prAyogika vijJAna ne TelIpathI, kleraboyansa aura prIkognIzana kI sthApanA se itanA to siddha kara hI diyA hai ki deza kAla kI maryAdA kA atikramaNa karake bhI jJAna saMbhava hai / yaha saMbhava koTi yoga paraMparA ke RtaMbharA aura baina zrAdi paraMparA kI sarvajJa dazA kI ora saMketa karatI hai sarvajJatva kA itihAsa I bhArata meM hara eka sampradAya kisI na kisI rUpa se sarvazatva ke Upara adhika bhAra detA A rahA hai| hama Rgveda Adi vedoM ke purAne bhAgoM meM dekhate haiM ki
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________________ jaina dharma aura darzana sUrya, varuNa, indra Adi kisI deva kI stuti meM sIdhe tAre se yA garmita rUpa se sarvazatva kA bhAva sUcita karane vAle sarvacetasa sahastracatu' zrAdi vizeSaNa prayukta haiM / upaniSadoM meM khAsakara purAne upaniSadoM meM bhI sarvajJatva ke sUcaka aura prati pAdaka vizeSaNa evaM varNana kA vikAsa dekhA jAtA hai| yaha vastu itanA sAbita karane ke lie paryApta hai ki bhAratIya mAnasa apane sammAnya deva yA pUjya vyakti meM sarvazatva kA bhAva zrAropita binA kiye saMtuSTa hotA na thaa| isIse hara eka sampradAya apane puraskartA yA mUla pravartaka mAne jAne vAle vyakti ko sarvajJa mAnatA thA | sAmpradAyika bAr3oM ke bAjAra meM sarvajJatva ke dvArA apane pradhAna puruSa kA mUlya oMkane aura a~kavAne kI itanI adhika hor3a lagI thI ki koI puruSa jise usake anuyAyI sarvajJa kahate aura mAnate the vaha khuda apane ko usa mAne meM sarvajJa na hone kI bAta kahe to anuyAyiyoM kI tapti hotI na thI / aisI paristhiti meM hara eka pravartaka yA tIrthakara kA usa-usa sampradAya ke dvArA sarvajJarUpa se mAnA jAnA aura usa rUpa meM usakI pratiSThA nirmANa karanA yaha anivArya bana jAya to koI Azcarya nhiiN| hama itihAsa kAla meM aAkara dekhate haiM ki khuda buddha ne apane ko usa artha meM sarvaza mAnane kA inakAra kiyA hai ki jisa artha meM IzvaravAdI Izvara ko aura jaina loga mahAvIra zrATi tIrthaGkaroM ko sarvajJa mAnate-manAte the| aisA hote hue bhI zrAge jAkara sarvazatva mAnane manAne kI hor3a ne buddha ke kucha ziSyoM ko aisA bAdhita kiyA ki ve IzvaravAdI aura puruSasarvazatvavAdI kI taraha hI buddha kA sarvajJatva yukti prayukti se sthApita kreN| isase spaSTa hai ki hara eka sAmpradAyika zrAcArya aura dUsare anuyAyI apane sampradAya kI nIva sarvajJatva mAnanemanAne aura yukti se usakA sthApana karane meM dekhate the| __isa tArkika hor3a kA pariNAma yaha AyA ki koI sampradAya apane mAnya puruSa yA deva ke sivAya dUsare sampradAya ke mAnya puruSa yA deva meM vaisA sarvazatva mAnane ko taiyAra nahIM jaisA ki ve apane iSTatama puruSa yA deva meM saralatA se mAnate pAte the / isase pratyeka sampradAya ke bIca isa mAnyatA para lambe arase se bAda-vivAda hotA A rahA hai| aura sarvazatva zraddhA kI vastu miTakara tarka kI vastu bana gyaa| jaba usakA sthApana tarpha ke dvArA honA zurU huA taba hara eka tArkika apane buddhi-bala kA upayoga naye-naye takoM ke udbhAvana meM karane lgaa| 1. Rgveda 1.23.3; 10.81.3 / 2. majjhimanikAya-cUlamAlukyaputtasutta pramANavArtika 2.32-33 / 3. tatvasaMgrahapaMjikA pR0863 /
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________________ sarvazatva aura usakA artha isake kAraNa eka tarapha se jaise sarvazatva ke aneka arthoM kI sRSTi huii| vaise hI usake samarthana kI aneka yuktiyA~ bhI vyavahAra meM aaii| jainasaMmata artha . jahA~ taka jaina paramparA kA sambandha hai usameM sarvazatva kA eka hI artha mAnA jAtA rahA hai aura vaha yaha ki eka hI samaya meM traikAlika samagra bhAvoM ko sAkSAt jAnanA / isameM zaka nahIM ki Aja jo purAne se purAnA jaina zrAgamoM kA bhAga upalabdha hai usameM bhI sarvazatva ke ukta artha ke poSaka vAkya mila jAte haiM parantu sarvajJatva ke usa artha para tathA usake poSaka vAkyoM para svatantra buddhi se vicAra karane para tathA unhIM ati purANa Agamika bhAgoM meM pAye jAne vAle dUsare vAkyoM ke sAtha vicAra karane para yaha spaSTa jAna par3atA hai ki mUla meM sarvajJasva kA vaha artha jaina paramparA ko bhI mAnya na thA jisa artha ko Aja vaha mAna rahI hai aura jisakA samarthana saikar3oM varSa se hotA A rahA hai| prazna hogA ki taba jaina paramparA meM sarvajJatva kA asalI artha kyA thA? isakA uttara zrAcarAMga, bhagavatI zrAdi ke kucha purAne ullekhoM se mila jAtA hai| zrAcArAMga meM kahA hai ki jo eka ko jAnatA hai vaha sarva ko jAnatA hai| aura jo sabako jAnatA vaha eka ko jAnatA hai|' isa vAkya kA tAtparya TIkAkAroM aura tArkikoM ne eka samaya meM traikAlika samagra bhAvoM ke sAkSAtkArarUpa se phalita kiyA hai| parantu usa sthAna ke Age-pIche kA sambandha tathA Age pIche, ke vAkyoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara hama sIdhe taura se soceM to usa vAkya kA tAtparya dUsarA hI jAna par3atA hai| vaha tAtparya merI dRSTi se yaha hai ki jo eka mamatva, pramAda yA kaSAya ko jAnatA hai vaha usake krodhAdi sabhI AvirbhAvoM, paryAyoM yA prakAroM ko jAnatA hai aura jo krodha, mAna zrAdi saba AvirbhAvoM ko yA paryAyoM ko jAnatA hai vaha una saba paryAyoM ke mUla aura unameM anugata eka mamatva yA bandhana ko jAnatA hai| jisa prakaraNa meM ukta vAkya AyA hai vaha prakaraNa mumukSu ke lie kaSAyatyAga ke upadeza kA aura eka hI jar3a meM se jude-jude kaSAya rUpa pariNAma dikhAne kA hai| yaha bAta granthakAra ne pUrvokta vAkya se turaMta hI dhAge dUsare vAkya ke dvArA spaSTa kI hai jisameM kahA gayA hai ki "jo eka ko namAtA hai dabAtA hai yA vaza karatA hai vaha bahutoM ko namAtA dabAtA yA vaza karatA hai aura jo bahu ko namAtA hai vaha eka ko namAtA hai|' 1. tattvasaMgraha pR0846. 2. AcA0 pR0 362 (dvi0 aavRtti)| 3. je egaM jANaha se savvaM jANa je savvaM jANai se ega jAyada 3-4
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________________ -556 jaina dharma aura darzana namAnA, dabAnA yA vaza * lAgU ho nahIM sakatA / "eka arthAt pramAda ko kaSAya hai kaSAya hI meM jaina karanA mumuttu ke lie kaSAya ke sivAya anya vastu meM jisase isakA tAtparya yaha nikalatA hai ki jo mumukSu vaza karatA hai vaha bahuta kaSAyoM ko vaza karatA hai aura jo bahuta kaSAyoM ko vaza karatA hai vaha eka arthAt pramAda ko vaza karatA hI hai / spaSTa hai ki namAne kI aura vaza karane kI vastu jaba taba ThIka usake pahale Aye hue vAkya meM jAnane kI vastu bhI 'prakaraNaprApta hai / AdhyAtmika sAdhanA aura jIvana zuddhi ke krama tattvajJAna kI dRSTi se zrasava ke jJAna kA aura usake nirodha kA hI mahattva hai / jisameM ki traikAlika samagra bhAvoM ke sAkSAtkAra kA koI prazna hI nahIM uThatA hai / usameM prazna uThatA hai to mUla doSa aura usake vividha zrAvirbhAvoM ke jAnane kA aura nivAraNa karane kA / granthakAra ne vahA~ yahI bAta batalAI hai / itanA hI nahIM, balki usa prakaraNa ko khatama karate samaya unhoMne vaha bhAva 'je kohadaMsI se mANadaMso, je mANadaMsI se mAyAdaMsI, je mAyAdaMsI se lobhadaMsI, je lobhadaMsI se pijjadaMsI, je pijjadaMsI se dosasI, je dosadaMsI se mohadaMsI, je mohadaMsI se gammadaMsI, je ganmadaMsI se jammadaMsI, je jammadaMsI se mAradaMsI, je mAradaMsI se narayadaMsI, je narayadaMsI se niriyadaMsI, je niriyadaMsI se duksadaMsI / ' ityAdi zabdoM meM spaSTa rUpa meM prakaTa bhI kiyA hai / isalie 'je egaM jAI' ityAdi vAkyoM kA jo tAtparya maiMne Upara batalAyA vahI vahA~ pUrNatayA saMgata hai aura dUsarA nahIM / isalie merI rAya meM jaina paramparA meM sarvajJatva kA asalI artha AdhyAtmika sAdhanA meM upayogI saca tatvoM kA jJAna yahI honA cAhie; nahIM ki traikAlika samagra bhAvoM kA sAkSAtkAra / 9 ukta vAkyoM ko Age ke tArkikoM ne eka samaya meM traikAlika bhAvoM ke sAkSAtkAra artha meM ghaTAne kI jo koziza kI hai vaha sarvajJatva sthApana kI sAmpradAyika hor3a kA natIjA mAtra hai / bhagavatI sUtra meM mahAbIra ke mukhya ziSya indrabhUti aura jamAlI kA eka saMvAda hai jo sarvajJatva ke artha para prakAza DAlatA hai| jamAlI mahAbIra kA pratidvaMdvI hai / use usake anuyAyI sarvaza mAnate hoMge / isalie jaba vaha eka bAra indrabhUti se milA to indrabhUti ne usase prazna kiyA ki kaho jamAlI ! tuma yadi sarvaza ho to javAba do ki loka zAzvata hai yA azAzvata ? jamAlI cupa rahA tisa para mahAvIra ne kahA ki tuma kaise sarvajJa ? dekho isakA uttara mere sarva ziSya de sakate haiM to bhI maiM uttara detA hU~ ki 1. syAdvAdamaMjarI kA0 1 / 2. bhagavatI 6. 6 /
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________________ sarvazava aura usakA artha 557. dravyArthika dRSTi se loka zAzvata hai aura paryAyArthika dRSTi se azAzvata / mahAvIra ke isa uttara se sarvazatva ke jainAbhipreta artha ke asalI stara kA patA cala jAtA hai ki jo dravya-paryAya ubhaya dRSTi se pratipAdana karatA hai vahI sarvajJa hai| mahAvIra ne jamAlI ke sammukha eka samaya meM traikAlika bhAvoM ko sAkSAt jAnanevAle rUpa se apane ko varNita nahIM kiyA hai| jisa rUpa meM unhoMne apane ko sarvajJa vaNita kiyA vaha rUpa sArI jaina paramparA ke mUla gata srota se mela bhI khAtA hai aura prAcAroga ke upayukta ati pugane ullekhoM se bhI mela khAtA hai| usameM na to atyukti hai, na alpokti; kiMtu vAstavika sthiti nirUpita huI hai| isalie merI rAya meM jaina paramparA meM mAne jAnevAle sarvajJatva kA asalI artha vahI honA cAhie na ki pichalA tarka se siddha kiyA jAnevAlA-eka samaya meM saba bhAvoM kA sAkSAtkAra rUpa arth| ____ maiM apane vicAra kI puSTi meM kucha aise bhI saMvAdi pramANa kA nirdeza karanA ucita samajhatA hU~ jo bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pUrvakAlIna evaM samakAlIna haiN| hama purAne upaniSadoM meM dekhate haiM ki eka brahmatatva ke jAna lene para anya saba avijJAta vijJAta ho jAtA hai aisA spaSTa varNana hai aura isake samarthana meM vahIM dRSTAnta rUpa se mRttikA kA nirdeza karake batalAyA hai ki jaise eka hI mRttikA satya hai, dUsare ghaTa-zarAva Adi vikAra usI ke nAmarUpa mAtra haiM, vaise hI eka hI brahma pAramArthika satya hai bAkI kA vizva prapaMca usI kA vilAsamAtra hai (jaina paribhASA meM kaheM to bAkI kA sArA jagata brahma kA paryAyamAtra hai| ) usakI parabrahma se alaga sattA nahIM / upaniSad ke RSi kA bhAra brahmajJAna para hai, isalie vaha brahma ko hI mUla meM pAramArthika kahakara bAkI ke prapaMca ko usase bhinna mAnane para jora nahIM detA / yaha mAno huI sarvasammata bAta hai ki jo jisa tattva kA mukhyatayA jJeya, upAdeya yA heya rUpa se pratipAdana karanA cAhatA hai vaha usI para adhika se adhika bhAra detA hai| upaniSadoM kA pratipAdya Atmatattva yA parabrahma hai| isIlie usI ke jJAna para bhAra dete hue RSiyoM ne kahA ki Atmatatva ke jAna lene para saba kucha jAna liyA jAtA hai| isa sthala para mRttikA kA dRSTAnta diyA gayA hai, vaha bhI itanA hI sUcita karatA hai ki jude-jude vikAroM aura paryAyoM meM mRttikA anugata hai, vaha vikAroM kI taraha asthAyI nahIM, jaisA ki vizva ke prapaMca meM brahma asthAyI nhiiN| hama upaniSadagata 1. Atmano vA are darzanena zravaNena matyA vijJAnenedaM sarva viditaM. bhavati--bRhadAraNyakopaniSad 2. 4.5 /
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________________ 558 jaina dharma aura darzana isa varNana meM yaha spaSTa dekhate haiM ki isameM dravya zrIra paryAya donoM kA varNana hai; para bhAra adhika dravya para hai| isameM kArya-kAraNa donoM kA varNana hai; para bhAra to adhika mUla kAraNa - dravya para hI hai| aisA hone kA sababa yahI hai ki upaniSad ke RSi mukhyatayA zrAtmasvarUpa ke nirUpaNa meM hI dattacitta haiM aura dUsarA saca varNana usI ke samarthana meM hai / yaha aupaniSadika bhAva dhyAna meM rakhakara zrAcArAMga ke 'je egaM jAgara se savvaM jAgara' isa vAkya kA artha aura prakaraNa saMgati soceM to spaSTa dhyAna meM A jAyagA ki AcArAMga kA ukta vAkya dravya paryAyaparaka mAtra hai / jaina paramparA upaniSadoM kI taraha eka mAtra brahma yA grAma dravya ke akhaNDa jJAna para bhAra nahIM detI, vaha AtmA kI yA dravyamAtra kI bhinnabhinna paryAya rUpa avasthAoM ke jJAna para bhI utanA hI bhAra pahale se detI AI hai / isIlie zrAcArAMga meM dUsarA vAkya aisA hai ki jo sabako - paryAyoM ko jAnatA hai vaha eka ko -- dravya ko jAnatA hai / isa artha kI jamAlI - indrabhUti saMvAda se tulanA kI jAya to isameM sandeha hI nahIM rahatA ki jaina-paramparA kA sarvajJatva saMbaMdhI dRSTikoNa mUla meM kevala itanA hI thA ki ubhaya ko samAna bhAva se jAnanA hI jJAna kI pUrNatA hai / dravya aura paryAya buddha jaba mAlukya putra nAmaka apane ziSya se kahate haiM ki maiM cAra zrArya satyoM ke jJAna kA hI dAvA karatA hU~ aura dUsare agamya evaM kAlpanika tatvoM ke jJAna kA nahIM, tatra vaha vAstavika bhUmikA para hai / usI bhUmikA ke sAtha mahAvIra ke sarvajJatva kI tulanA karane para bhI phalita yahI hotA hai ki atyukti yA pokti nahIM karane vAle saMtaprakRti ke mahAvIra dravyaparyAyavAda kI purAnI nirgrantha paramparA ke jJAna ko hI sarvajJatvarUpa mAnate hoNge| jaina aura bauddha paramparA meM itanA pharka avazya rahA hai ki aneka tArkika bauddha vidvAnoM ne buddha ko kAlikajJAna ke dvArA sarvajJa sthApita karane kA prayatna kiyA hai tathApi aneka asAdhAraNa bauddha vidvAnoM ne unako sIdhe sAde artha meM hI sarvajJa ghaTAyA hai / jaba ki jaina paramparA meM sarvajJa kA sIdhA sAdA artha bhulA diyA jAkara usake sthAna meM tarkasiddha artha hI pracalita aura pratiSThita ho gayA hai aura usI artha ke saMskAra meM palane vAle jaina tArkika AcAryoM ko bhI yaha socanA zrati muzkila ho gayA hai ki eka samaya meM sarva bhAvoM ke sAkSAtkArarUpa sarvajJatva kaise asaMgata hai ? isalie ve jisa taraha ho, mAmUlI gairamAmUlI saba yuktiyoM se apanA abhipreta sarvajJatva siddha karane ke lie hI utArU rahe haiM / 1. cUlamAlukya sutta /
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________________ sarvazatva aura usakA artha ve karIba DhAI hajAra varSa kI zAstrIya jaina- paramparA meM hama eka hI zrapavAda pAte haiM jo sarvazatva ke artha kI dUsarI bAjU kI ora saMketa karatA hai / vikrama kI AThavIM zatAbdI meM yAkinIsUnu haribhadra nAmaka zrAcArya hue haiM I unhoMne apane aneka tarkagranthoM meM sarvazatva kA samarthana usI artha meM kiyA hai jisa artha meM apane pUrvavartI zvetAmbara digambara zraneka vidvAn karate Aye haiM / phira bhI unakI tArkika tathA samabhAvazIla satyagrAhI buddhi meM vaha samarthana kharA jAna par3atA hai / haribhadra jaba yoga jaise adhyAtmika aura satyagAmI viSaya para likhane lage to unheM yaha bAta bahuta khaTakI ki mahAvIra ko to sarvajJa kahA jAya aura sugata, kapila zrAdi jo vaise hI prAdhyAtmika hue haiM unheM sarvajJa kahA yA mAnA na jAya / yadyapi ve apane tarkapradhAna granthoM meM sugata, kapila zrAdi ke sarvajJatva kA niSedha kara cuke the; para yoga ke viSaya ne unakI dRSTi badala dI aura unhoMne apane suprasiddha grantha yogadRSTisamuccaya meM sugata, kapila Adi sabhI AdhyAtmika aura sadguNI puruSoM ke sarvajJatva ko nirvivAda rUpa se mAna liyA aura usakA samarthana bhI kiyA (kA0 102 - 108 ) / samarthana karanA isalie anivArya ho gayA thA ki ve eka bAra sugata kapila Adi ke sarvazatva kA niSedha kara cuke the, para aba unheM vaha tarkajAla mAtra lagatI thI ( kA0 140 - 140 ) / haribhadra kA upajIvana aura anugamana karanevAle aMtima prabalatama jaina tArkika yazovijayajI ne bhI apanI kutarkagrahanivRtti' dvAtriMzikA meM haribhadra kI bAta kA ho nirbhayatA se aura spaSTatA se samarthana kiyA hai| hAlAMki yazovijayayI ne bhI anya aneka granthoM meM sugata Adi ke sarvajJatva kA zrAtyantika khaNDana kiyA hai / hamAre yahA~ bhArata meM eka yaha bhI praNAlI rahI hai ki prabala se prabala ciMtaka aura tArkika bhI purAnI mAnyatAoM kA samarthana karate rahe aura nayA satya prakaTa karane meM kabhI-kabhI hicakAe bhI / yadi haribhadra ne vaha satya yogadRSTisamuccaya meM jAhira kiyA na hotA to upAdhyAya yazovijayajI kitane hI bahuzruta tArkika vidvAn kyoM na hoM para zAyada hI sarvazava ke isa maulika bhAva kA samarthana karate / isalie 17 1. dharmavAda ke kSetra meM zraddhAgamya vastu ko kevala tarkabala se sthApita karane kA zrAgraha hI kutarkagraha hai / isakI carcA meM upAdhyAyajI ne battIsI meM mukhyatayA sarvajJaviSayaka prazna hI liyA hai| aura grA0 haribhadra ke bhAva ko samagra battIsI meM itanA vistAra aura vaizadya ke sAtha prakaTa kiyA hai ki jise par3hakara taTastha cintaka ke mana meM nizcaya hotA hai ki sarvajJatva eka mAtra zraddhAgamya hai, aura tarkagamya nahIM /
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________________ 560 caina dharma aura darzana sabhI guNavAn sarvajJa hai--isa udAra aura niyAja asAmpradAyika kathana kA zreya jaina paramparA meM prAcArya haribhadra ke sivAya dUsare kisI ke nAma para nahIM aataa| haribhadra kI yogadRSTigAminI vaha ukti bhI mAtra usa grantha meM suSasa rUpa seM nihita hai| usakI ora jaina-paramparA ke vidvAn yA cintaka na to dhyAna dete haiM aura na saba logoM ke sAmane usakA bhAva hI prakAzita karate haiN| ve jAnate hae bhI isa Dara se anajAna bana jAte haiM ki bhagavAn mahAvIra kA sthAna phira itanA U~cA na rahegA, ve sAdhAraNa anya yogI jaise hI ho jaayeNge| isa Dara aura. satya kI ora A~kha mUMdane ke kAraNa sarvazava kI cAlU mAnyatA meM kitanI bezumAra asaMgatiyA~ paidA huI haiM aura nayA vicAraka jagata kisa taraha sarvajJatva ke cAlU artha se sakAraNa Uba gayA hai, isa bAta para paNDita yA tyAgI vidvAn vicAra hI nahIM karate / ve kevala unhIM sarvajJatva samarthaka dalIloM kA nirjISa aura niHsAra punarAvartana karate rahate haiM jinakA vicArajagata meM aba koI vizeSa mUlya nahIM rahA hai| sarvajJavicAra kI bhUmikAe~ Upara ke varNana se yaha bhalI bhA~ti mAlUma ho jAtA hai ki sarvajJatva viSayaka bicAradhArA kI mukhya cAra bhUmikAe~ haiM / pahalI bhUnikA meM sUkta ke praNetA . RSi apane-apane stutya aura mAnya devoM kI sarvajJatva ke sUcaka vizeSaNoM ke dvArA kevala mahattA bhara gAte haiM, unakI prazaMsA bhara karate haiM, arthAt apaneapane iSTatama deva kI asAdhAraNatA darzita karate haiN| vahA~ unakA tAtparya vaha nahIM hai jo Age jAkara una vizeSaNoM se nikAlA jAtA hai| dUsarI bhUmikA vaha hai jisameM RSiyoM aura vidvAnoM ko prAcIna bhASA samRddhi ke sAtha ukta vizeSaNarUpa zabda bhI virAsata meM mile haiM, para ve RSi yA saMta una vizeSaNoM kA artha apane DhaMga se sUcita karate haiN| jisa RSi ko purAne devoM ke sthAna meM eka mAtra brahmatattva yA zrAtmatattva hI pratipAdya tathA stutya a~catA hai vaha RSi usa tattva ke jJAna mAtra meM sargajJatva dekhatA hai aura jo saMta Atmatatva ke bajAya usake sthAna meM heya aura upAdeya rUpa se prAcAra mArga kA prAdhAnya sthApita karanA cAhatA hai vaha uso AcAramArgAntargata caturvidha Arya satya ke darzana meM hI sarvajJatva kI itizrI mAnatA hai aura jo saMta ahiMsApradhAna prAcAra para tathA dravya-padAtha dRSTirUpa vibhajyavAda ke svIkAra para adhika bhAra denA cAhatA hai vaha usI ke jJAna meM sarvajJatva samajhatA hai / tIsarI bhUmikA vaha hai jisameM dUsarI bhUmikA kI vAstavikatA aura anubhavagamyatA ke sthAna meM tarkamUlaka sarvazava ke
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________________ sarvazatva aura usakA artha artha kI aura usakI sthApaka yuktiyoM kI kalpanAvRSTi vikasita hotI hai| jisameM anubhava aura samabhAva kI avagaNanA hokara apane-apane mAnya devoM yA puruSoM kI mahattA gAne kI dhuna meM dUsaroM kI vAstavika mahattA kA bhI tiraskAra kiyA jAtA hai yA vaha bhUlA dI jAtI hai / cauthI bhUmikA vaha hai jisameM phira anubhava aura mAdhyasthya kA tatva jAgarita hokara dUsarI bhUmikA kI vAstavikatA aura buddhigamyatA ko apanAyA jAtA hai| isameM saMdeha nahIM ki yaha cauthI bhUmikA hI satya ke nikaTa hai, kyoMki vaha dUsarI bhUmikA se tattvataH mela khAtI hai. aura mithyA kalpanAoM ko tathA sAmpradAyikatA kI hor3a ko sthAna nahIM detii| I0 1646 ] aprakAzita ]