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________________ samyakjJAna : eka samIkSAtmaka vizleSaNa muni rameza [ siddhAntAcArya, sAhityaratna ] jJAna ko sArvadezika mahattA cakSuvihIna andhe prANI ko zatru-mitra kA, cora sAhUkAra kA, viSa amRta kA, pASANa-pArasa kA, nakalI - asalI kA evaM apane aura parAye kA samyak bodha nahIM ho pAtA hai / " atizIghra vaha apane ko zatru ke mAyAjAla meM jakar3A detA hai / sva aura para kI rakSA karane meM vaha sAmarthyahIna rahatA hai / parapekSIya rahakara sadA dUsaroM kA sahArA Dhar3hA karatA hai / tuccha zakti bhI hAni pahu~cAne meM saphala ho jAtI hai / matalaba yaha hai ki usake lie eka-eka kadama bhI khatare se khAlI nahIM hai / patA nahIM vaha kisa samaya saMkaTa ke gahare gartta meM girakara apane deva durlabha deha ko kSata-vikSata karade / usI prakAra samyakjJAna rUpI A~kheM nahIM khulane para usa jIvAtmA kI bhI vaisI hI zocanIya sthiti bana jAtI hai| kAraNa yaha hai ki jJAna rUpI kasauTI ke abhAva meM heya, jJeya aura upAdeya, karttavya - akartavya evaM hita-ahita kA use kucha bhI viveka nahIM rahatA aura viveka ke abhAva meM svakIya-parakIya ahita karake durgati ke dvAra ughAr3a detA hai / isI kAraNa jJAna kI mahattA batAte hue mAtra, jJAna ko hI pramANabhUta mAnA / jIvAjIva Adi tattvoM kA nizcaya karane meM aura heyaupAdeya kA viveka karavAne meM jJAna hI eka sabala pramANa hai / " nyAyadarzana kI TIkA meM likhA hai"jJAna prakAzamAnamevArtha prakAzayati prakAzatvAt pathA pradIpavat" arthAt dIpaka kI taraha jJAna samasta carAcara vastuoM ko prakAzita karane vAlA hai / isI mAnyatA kI paripuSTi vyavahArabhASya meM kI hai - "jJAna vizva ke samasta rahasyoM ko prakAzita karane vAlA hai aura jJAna se hI manuSya ko karttavya kA samyak bodha hotA hai / 3 ekadA gautama gaNadhara ne prabhu mahAvIra se pUchA- maMte ! kyA jJAna iha - bhavika ( isa bhava meM ) para-mavika ( parabhava meM ) sAtha rahatA hai yA ubhaya bhavika hai 14 pratyuttara meM prabhu mahAvIra ne kahA- gautama ! jJAna sadaiva AtmA ke sAtha rahatA hai / arthAt jJAna iha bhavika, para bhavika aura ubhaya-bhavika 5 1 annANI ki kAhI ? kiM vA nAhiicheya pAvagaM ? 2 3 (ka) sva-para vyavasAyI jJAnaM pramANam / (kha) abhigatAnabhigata vastu svIkAra tiraskAra kSamaM hi pramANaM ato jJAnamevedam / savva jaggujoya karaM nANaM / nANeNa najjae caraNaM // 4 ihabhavie maMte ! NANe parabhavie NANe tadubhaya bhavie nnaanne...| 5. goyamA ! ihabhavie vi jANe, parabhavie vi NANe tadubhaya bhavie vi jANe / - daza0 4 / 10 - pramANa-naya-tatvAloka 112/3 - vyavahArabhASya 7 / 216 - bhagavatI sUtra
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________________ 284 munidvaya abhinandana grantha jJAna jJAnI se bhinna nahIM, abhinna hai prAyaH sabhI Astika darzana kisI na kisI rUpa meM jJAna kI mahattA ko niHsaMkoca svIkAra karate haiN| parantu jJAna ke mUla meda aura avAntara bheda kitane haiM ? indriyajanya jJAna aura anindriyajanya jJAna kaunasA hai ? kaunasA jJAna kina-kina viSayoM kA sAkSAtkAra karAtA hai? brahma (kevala) jJAna kI kyA paribhASA, kyA vizeSatA hai ? yaha kaba aura kina ko hotA hai ? ukta praznoM kA ucita samAdhAna vizva ke samasta darzanoM kI apekSA kevala janadarzana hI prastuta karane meM sakSama hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA hai-jo jJAtA hai, vaha AtmA hai aura jo AtmA hai vaha jJAtA hai| jJAna AtmA kA svAbhAvika guNa hai / dRzyamAna aura adRzyamAna saMsAra usakA jJeya viSaya hai| jJAna aura jJaya donoM jJAnI se kabhI dUra nahIM hote haiN| kadAca jJeya dUra hone para bhI jJAnI AtmA use jAna letI hai; kyoMki AtmA jJAtA aura draSTA hai| bhale AtmA dhanIbhUta karmAvaraNa se AvRta ho yA phira nigoda jaisI nimna starIya yoni meM pahuMca gaI ho tathApi AtmA kA upayoga (cetanA) guNa na pUrNa rUpa se naSTa hotA hai aura na pUrNarUpeNa AvRta hii| jisa prakAra bhale kitane bhI saghana bAdala AkAza maNDala meM chA jAye, phira bhI sUrya ke prakAza kA divasa sUcaka Aloka bilkula vilupta na hokara svalpAMza meM bhI khulA rahatA hai| isI prakAra AtmA kA viziSTa jJAna guNa kabhI bhI AtmA se vilaga nahIM hotA hai| yadi aisA mAna liyA jAya to phira jIva jar3atva guNa meM pariNata ho jaaygaa| sabhI zAzvata dravya apane-apane svabhAva guNa se bhraSTa ho jAyege / saMsAra meM zAzvata dharma vAlA koI dravya nahIM rahegA; parantu aisA kabhI huA nahIM hai| yaha dhrava siddhAnta hai ki-dravyAthika naya kI apekSA sabhI dravya nitya aura zAzvata haiN| paryAyAthika naya kI apekSA sabhI dravya anitya aura azAzvata mAne haiN| anAdikAla se sabhI dravya isI kramAnusAra apane-apane guNa paryAyoM meM pariNamana karate rahate haiM / - jJAna, darzana, cAritra, tapa, vIrya aura upayoga ye jIvAtmA ke lakSaNa haiN| jJAnopayoga aura darzanopayoga kI dRSTi se upayoga do prakAra kA mAnA hai| arhanta darzana meM jJAnopayoga ke pAMca bheda isa prakAra batAye haiM matijJAna zrutajJAna avadhijJAna manaHparyavajJAna kevalajJAna / 1 je vinAya se AyA, je AyA se vinnAyA -AcArAMga sUtra 1356 2 (a) There is Power of Knowledge in my self. (b) I know every thing by my power of knowledge. - Jainism for Children 3 (ka) nANaM ca saNaM ceva, carittaM ca tavo thaa| bIriyaM uvaogo ya, eyaM jIvassa lakSaNaM / / -uttraa028|11 (kha) upayogo lakSaNam (upayogaktvaM jIvassa lakSaNam) -tatvArtha sUtra 218 4 (ka) nANaM paMcaviha pannataM taM jahA-AbhiNibohiyanANaM, suyanANaM, ohinANaM, manapajjavanANaM, kevalanANaM / -naMdI sUtra (kha) tattha paMcavihaM nANaM, suyaM AbhanibohiyaM / . ohinANaM tu taiyaM, maNanANaM ca kevalaM // -uttarA0 28.4
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________________ samyakajJAna : eka samIkSAtmaka vizleSaNa 285 jo jJAna indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA kI apekSA rakhatA hai, usa jJAna ko parokSa pramANa kI zreNI meM ginA hai| kyoMki vaha aspaSTa hai| isalie mati aura zrutajJAna parokSa mAne haiN| jo jJAnAnubhUti indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA ke binA kevala Atma-bhAva se pragaTa hotI hai, use pAramArthika pratyakSa pramANa kI saMjJA dI gayI hai| kyoMki vaha spaSTa hai| isIlie avadhi, mana:paryava aura kevalajJAna ko pratyakSa pramANa kI zreNI meM mAnA hai| mati (Abhinibodhika) jJAna jisa jJAna meM indriya aura mana kI pravRtti ho aura zAstrAdi rUpa zruti kI pradhAnatA na ho, use matijJAna kahA gayA hai|5 matijJAna pA~ca indriyoM se aura chaThe mana se utpanna hotA hai| usake mukhya bheda nimna haiN| avagraha avAya dhAraNA jaise pratyeka manuSya zizu, bAlaka, kumAra, yuvaka, praur3ha Adi avasthAoM ko kramapUrvaka hI prApta karatA hai, usI prakAra upayoga bhI darzana, avagraha Adi avasthAoM ko pAra karatA huA hI dhAraNA kI avasthA prApta karatA hai / yaha kriyA atizIghra ho jAtI hai| isI kAraNa krama kA anubhava nahIM hotaa| eka-dUsare ke Upara kamala ke sau patte rakhakara unameM nukIlA bhAlA cubho diyA jAya to ve saba patte krama se hI chede jAyeMge, para yaha mAlama nahIM par3a jAtA ki-bhAlA kaba pahale patte meM pahu~cA, kaba usase bAhara nikalA, kaba dUsare patte ko chedA ityAdi / isakA kAraNa gati kA tIvra pravAha hai / jaba bhAle kA vega itanA tIvra ho sakatA hai to jJAna jaise sUkSmatara padArtha kA vega usase mI adhika tIvra kyoM na hogA?7 dUra se hI jo avyakta jJAna hotA hai, use avagraha kahate haiN| avagraha ke dvArA jAne hue sAmAnya viSaya ko vizeSa rUpa se jAnane kI vicAraNA ko "IhA", IhA ke dvArA jAne hue padArthoM meM vizeSa kA nirNaya honA "avAya" aura avAya jJAna jaba dRr3ha ho jAtA hai, taba dhAraNA kI koTi meM ginA jAtA hai| ukta cAroM prakAra kA avyakta jJAna kabhI sparzanendriya se, kabhI rasanendriya se, kabhI ghrANendriya se, kabhI cAindriya se kabhI zrotrendriya se aura kabhI mana se hotA hai| 1 aspaSTaM parokSam / -pramANanaya tattvAloka 31 2 Aye parokSam / -tatvArthasUtra 1111 3 pAramAthikaM punarutpattAvAtma mAtrApekSam -pra0 na0 ta0 2018 4 pratyakSamanyat -tatvArthasUtra 1112 5 tandriya mano nimittaM zrutAnusArI jJAnaM mtijnyaanm| -jaina tarka bhASA-matijJAna svarUpa 6 (ka) avagrahehAvAyadhAraNA: -tatvArthasUtra 1114 (kha) etad dvitayamavagrahe'vAyadhAraNA medAdekazazcaturvikalpakam / -pramANanayatattvAloka 216 7 kvacit kramasyAnupalakSaNameSAmAzutpAdAt, utpalapatra zatavyati bheda kramavat / -pramANanayatattvAloka 2017 8 (ka) avakRSTograha avagrahA / (kha) avagrahItArtha vishessaakaaNkssnnmiihaa| (ga) Ihita vizeSa nirNayo'vAyaH / (gha) sa eva dRr3hatamAvasthApanno dhaarnnaa| -jaina tarkabhASA-avagraha svarUpa
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________________ 286 munidvaya abhinandana grantha sparzanendriya se-avagraha IhA avAya dhAraNA rasanendriya se-avagraha IhA avAya dhAraNA ghrANendriya se-avagraha IhA avAya dhAraNA cakSuindriya se-avagraha IhA avAya dhAraNA zrotrendriya se-avagraha IhA avAya dhAraNA mana se-avagraha IhA avAya dhAraNA matijJAna ke antargata arthAvagraha ke 24 bheda hue / inameM sparzanendriya vyaMjanAvagraha, rasanA vyaMjanAvagraha, ghrANa vyaMjanAvagraha aura zrotrendriya vyajanAvagraha, isa prakAra vyaMjanAvagraha ke cAra bheda aura milAne se matijJAna ke 28 meda hue / ukta meda bAraha prakAra se pRthaka-pRthaka nimna-nyUnAdhika viSayoM ko grahaNa karate haiN| vahu, alpa vahuvidha, alpavidha kSipra, akSipra anizrIta, nizrIta anukta, ukta dhruva, adhruva / upayukta bAraha aura aTThAIsa medoM ko paraspara guNA karane se 336 bheda matijJAna ke hue aura buddhijanya cAra bheda-autpAtikI-buddhi, vainayikobuddhi, kArmikI buddhi, pariNAmikI buddhi / isa prakAra matijJAna ke kula tIna sau cAlIsa bheda hue| jAtismaraNajJAna matijJAna ke antargata hI mAnA gayA hai| isalie jAtismaraNa jJAna kA pRthaka astitva nahIM hai| mahopakArI zrutajJAna zratajJAna kI mahattA sarvavidita hai| zrutajJAna kI ArAdhanA karake atIta kAla meM ananta jIvAtmAe~ bhavasAgara se pAra huI hai| vartamAna kAla meM asaMkhya prANI zrutajJAna se lAbhAnvita ho rahe haiM aura bhaviSya kAla meM isa jJAna ke nirdezAnusAra ananta AtmAeM siddha svarUpa meM sthira bneNgii| kyoMki-medhAvI varga sUnakara hI kalyANa mArga ko aura akalyANa mArga ko jAnatA hai| arthAta heya aura upAdeya tattvoM ko zravaNa kara hI nija jIvanopayogI grAhya tattva kA nirNaya karatA hai|4 jisameM zAstrAdi kI aura anya zabdoM kI bhI pravRtti ho, use zrutajJAna kahate haiN| jahA~ matijJAna hai, vahA~ zrutajJAna aura jahA~ zrutajJAna hai vahA~ matijJAna kA sadbhAva rahA huA hai| na kabhI matijJAna akelA rahA aura na kabhI zrutajJAna akelA rhaa| donoM jJAna sadaiva sAtha rahate haiN| 1 se kiM taM vaMjaNuggahe ? vajaNuggahe cauvihaM paNNatte taM jahA- soiMdiya vajaNuggahe ghANidiya vajaNuggahe jibhidiyaM vaM phAMsidiya vaMjaNuggahe....... -naMdIsUtra baha bahavidhakSiprAni zritAsaMdigdhadhruvANAmasetarANAm / - tattvArthasUtra 1116 uppattiyA veNaiyA kammayA pariNAmiyA / buddhi cauvihA buttA paMcamA novlnbhi|| -nanvIsUtra soccA jANai kallANaM soccA jANai pAvagaM / ubhayapi jANai soccA, jaM seyaM taM samAyare // -vsh04|11 5 zrutAnusAri ca zrutajJAnam / -jainatarkabhASA
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________________ samyakjJAna : eka samIkSAtmaka vizleSaNa 287 matijJAna hI zrutajJAna kA bIja rUpa kAraNa banatA hai| isalie matijJAna ko utpatti zrutajJAna ke pahale mAnI hai| zra tajJAna ke caudaha meda nimna prakAra haiMakSara zruta-svara aura vyaMjanoM se hone vAlA jJAna / anakSara zruta-khA~sI, chIMka kI AvAja vishess...| saMjJo zruta-mana paryApti vAle jIvoM kI vicAraNA vizeSa asaMjJI zruta-mana paryApti rahita jIvoM kI guna gunAhaTa / samyak zruta--jisa jJAna se jIvAtmA ko sahI bodha kI prApti ho| mithyA zruta-jisake kAraNa prANI, hiMsA, jhUTha, corI pravRttiyoM meM pravRtta ho / sAdi zruta-jisa zrutajJAna kI Adi ho / anAdi zruta-jisa zrutajJAna kI Adi nahIM ho| saparyavasita zruta-anta sahita zrutajJAna / aparyavasita zruta-anta rahita zrutajJAna / gamika zruta-dRSTivAda sambandhita jJAna / Agamika zrata-kAlika sUtroM kA jJAna / aMga praviSTa-AcAra, sUtrakRta, sthAna, samavAya, vyAkhyAprajJapti, jJAtAdharma, upAsakadazA, anta kRddazA, anuttaropapAtika, praznavyAkaraNa, vipAkasUtra aura dRSTivAda / aMga bAhya-Avazyaka aura Avazyaka vytirikt| chaha AvazyakoM kA pratipAdana karane vAlA zAstra "Avazyaka" aura kAlika, utkAlika sUtroM kA pratipAdana "Avazyakavyatirikta / " avadhijJAna : eka paricaya pAramArthika pratyakSa ke do bheda-vikala pAramArthika pratyakSa aura sakala pAramArthika pratyakSa / 2 avadhijJAna aura manaHparyavajJAna ko vikala pAramArthika pratyakSa kI koTi meM mAnA hai| kyoMkiukta donoM prakAra ke jJAna yadyapi AtmA se sambandhita haiM, phira bhI kevalajJAna kI apekSA adhUre, apUrNa hai| avadhijJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se utpanna hone vAlA aura maryAdita jar3aguNAsmaka rUpI dravyoM kA sAkSAtkAra karAne vAle jJAna ko avadhijJAna kahate hai|4 "bhavapratyaya" aura "guNapratyaya" ke bheda se avadhijJAna ke do prakAra haiN| bhavapratyaya avadhijJAna pratyeka samadRSTi deva, nAraka evaM tIrthaMkaroM ko janma se hI hotA hai| nizcaya naya kI apekSA kSayopazama antaraMga kAraNa aura tapazcaraNa Adi dhArmika anuSThAna bahiraMga kAraNa ke prabhAva jattha AbhiNibohiya nANaM tattha suyanANaM jattha suyanANaM tattha AbhiNibohiya nANaM, do'vi eyAI aNNa, maNNa maNagayAI tahavi puNa ittha AyariyA nANa taM paNNa vayaMtti, abhinibujjha itti AbhiNibohi nANaM suNeitti suyaM, maI puvvaM jeNa suyaM, na maI saya pubviyaa| -nandIsUtra 2 tad vikalaM sakalaM ca -pramANanayatattvAloka 2016 3 tatra vikalamavadhi manaHparyavajJAna rUpatayA vaidhaa| -pramANanayatattvAloka 2 / 20 4 avadhijJAnAvaraNa vilaya vizeSa samudbhavaM bhavaguNa pratyayaM rUpI dravyagocaramavadhijJAnam // -pramANanayatatvAloka 2 / 21
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________________ 288 munidvaya abhinandana grantha se katipaya saMjJI manuSya aura saMjJI paMcendriya tiryaMca prANiyoM ko utpanna hotA hai| phira bhI sabhI ke avadhijJAna meM taratamatA avazya rahatI hai, eka samAnatA nahIM / guNapratyaya avadhijJAna ke chaha bheda isa prakAra haianugAmI-jJAnI ke sAtha-sAtha rahane vaalaa| ananugAmI--utpatti ke sthAna taka sImita, Age nahIM / hIyamAna-uttarottara kSINatA kI ora bar3hane vaalaa| vartamAna--uttarottara vikasita hone vaalaa| avasthita--kAyama rahane vaalaa| anavasthita-utpanna hokara puna: naSTa ho jAya / manaHparyavajJAna "manaHparyavajJAna" yaha vikala pAramArthika pratyakSa kA dUsarA bheda hai| saMyamI kriyAoM kI viziSTa vizuddhi se aura manaHparyavajJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se utpanna hotA hai| jo kevala saMjJI prANiyoM ke manogata bhAvoM ko jAnane meM sakSama hotA hai| yadyapi avadhijJAna kI apekSA manaHparyavajJAna vizuddha avazya hai para jAnane kA kSetraphala manaHparyavajJAna kA kAphI saMkIrNa aura sImita rahA haA hai| usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki-una dehadhAriyoM kI Antarika bhUmikA jaisI cAhie vaisI uccastarIya nahIM rahatI aura dUsarA kAraNa hai tatsambandhI dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva kI prtikuultaa| isa kAraNa manaHparyavajJAna na nArakIya jIvoM ko, na devaloka vAsiyoM ko, na pazu-pakSiyoM ko, aura na nara-nAriyoM ko hotA hai / kevala Rddhi prApta, apramatta, saMyata, samadRSTi paryApta, saMkhyAta varSa kI Ayu vAle karmabhUmi ke garmaja manuSyoM ko utpanna hotA hai| isake mukhya do bheda haiM-Rjumati aura vipulamati / zuddhatA kI dRSTi se donoM meM kucha taratamatA avazya rahI huI hai|4 kevalajJAna samyagdarzana Adi antaraMga sAmagrI aura tapazcaraNa Adi bAhya sAmagrI se samasta ghAti (jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, mohanIya aura antarAya) karmoM kA mUlataH kSaya hone para 13veM guNasthAnAdhipati AtmA ko utpanna hone vAlA samasta dravya aura paryAyoM ko jAnane vAlA aisA kevalajJAna utpanna hotA hai| use sakala pAramArthika pratyakSa bhI kahate haiM / 5 / / 1 ahavA guNa paDivannassa, aNagArassa ohinANaM samupajjai taM samAsao-chavvihaM paNNattaM, taM jahAM-ANugAmiyaM, aNANugAmiyaM, hIyamANayaM, baDDhamANayaM, paDivAiyaM, apddivaaiyN..."| -nandIsUtra 2 saMyama vizuddhi nibandhanAd viziSTAvaraNa vicchedAjjAtaM manodravya-paryAyAlambanaM manaHparyAyajJAnam / -pramANanayatatvAloka 222 3 goyamA ! iDDhIpatta apamatta saMjaya sammadiTThI pajjattaga-saMkhejjavAsAuya, kammabhUmiya-gabbhava kaMtiya maNassANaM, no agiDaDhIpatta-apamatta saMjaya samadiTrI pajjattaga saMkhejjavAsAuya kammabhUmiya ganbhavattiya maNussANaM manapavajjanANaM samupajjaI / -nandIsUtra 17 4 Rju vipulamati manaHparyAyaH vizuddhayapratipAtAbhyAM tdvishessH| -tatvArthasUtra 1124 / 25 5 sakalaM tu sAmagrI vizeSataH samudbhUtaM samastAvaraNa kSayApekSaM / nikhila dravya paryAya sAkSAtkAri svarUpa kevalajJAnam // -pramANanayatattvAloka 2223
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________________ samyakajJAna : eka samIkSAtmaka vizleSaNa 286 kevalajJAna kI upalabdhi sarvottama evaM sarvotkRSTa upalabdhi hai| Atma-sAdhanA kI paripakva avasthA kI caramotkRSTa phalazruti kahA jA sakatA hai| duSprApya isa nidhi kI upalabdhi sahaja meM pratyeka sAdhaka ko nahIM huA karatI hai| kyoMki sazakta sAdhanA aura sAdhanoM kI usameM paramAvazyakatA hai| unake abhAva meM sAdhya siddha nahIM hotA hai| bhale ve sAdhaka kahIM para rahate hoM, kisI veza deza meM hoM, agara unhoMne ghAtikarmoM para vijaya prApta kara lI to nizcayameva unheM kevala jJAna kI prApti hotI hai| kevalajJAna ke pAtra sImita avazya haiM para kevalajJAna kA jJeya viSaya samasta lokAloka ananta dravyoM ko aura unakI kAlika saba paryAyoM ko yugapata jAnanA hai| yaha jJAna manuSya, sannI, karmabhUmija, saMkhyAta varSa kI Ayu vAle, paryApta, samadRSTi, saMyata, apramAdI, avedI, akaSAyI, cAra ghAtikarma nAzaka, 13veM guNasthAnavartI, vItarAga muniyoM ko prApta hotA hai / kevalajJAna meM sarva dravya, sarva kSetra, sarva kAla aura sarva bhAva, hastAmalakavat prakAzita hote haiN| "kevalamegaM sukhaM vA, sakalamasAhAraNaM aNaMtaM ca" yaha jJAna zuddha, asAdhAraNa, ananta evaM apratipAtI hai| yaha eka bAra utpanna hokara phira kabhI naSTa nahIM hotA hai| kevalajJAna kI utpatti ke pazcAt jaghanya antamuharta meM aura utkRSTa 8 varSa kama karor3a pUrva meM mokSa kI prApti avazya hotI hai|