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________________ sAdhusaMtonI vANImAM pragaTa thatI binasAMpradAyikatA ane sAmAjika saMvAditA DaoN. kanubhAI zeTha prAstAvika prAcIna-madhyakAlIna jaina sAhitya bahudhA jaina saMto-sAdhuomunio dvArA racAyela che. A sAhitya prAya: padyamAM racAyela che. gadya pramANamAM alpa che. AvuM padyAtmaka sAhitya saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, prAcIna gujarAtI, rAjasthAnI, vraja, tAmila, telugu vagere bhASAmAM prApta thAya che. viSayanI apekSAe emAM darzana, yoga, kAvyo, kathA, caritra, prabaMdha, nATaka, chaMda, alaMkAra tathA AdhyAtmika ane upadezAtmaka pada-sAhitya vipula pramANamAM jovA maLe che. jaina dharmanA siddhAMto skUTa karavA mATe jaina saMtoe sarjelI graMthasaMpatti pramANamAM vipula che. emAM emaNe madhyasthapaNe tattvanirUpaNa karatA lokakalyANa ke sAmAjika saMvAditA paratve vizeSa jhoka Apyo che. atre jaina saMpradAyanA AvA keTalAka saMtonI vANImAM pragaTa thatI binasAMpradAyiktA ane sAmAjika saMvAditAnuM avalokana karavAno upakrama che. mahAvIravANImAM svAhitA samyaka prakAre pavitra jJAnasaMpatti ke zuddha vicAradhArA pradAna karanAra paraMparA te saMpradAya (sama + a + dAya arthAt samyaka prakAre pradAna karanAra). AvA saMpradAya eka karatAM aneka hoya te icchanIya che. paraMtu jo AvA saMpradAyo paraspara saMgharSa kare to te saMpradAya na rahetAM "saMpradAha' (sama + a + dAha arthAt khUba bALanAra) thAya che. AvA saMpradAya pAse apekSA rahe ke bIjuM koI jJAna na maLe paNa phakta satya, ahiMsA, maitrI, paraspara saMvAditA, paropakAra ane saMyamanA ja bodhapATho sArI rIte prApta thAya to Ihaloka ane pAralaukika sukha mATe, temaja jIvanakalyANa mATe - sAmAjika saMvAditA mATe te paryApta che. jo janatAnA bauddhika vikAsa ke jJAnavinoda mATe emaNe bIjuM ApavuM hoya to parasparanA saMgharSa vagara sabhyatAthI, madhyasthatAthI, ucca vAtsalyabhAvathI Ape. vaidika ane zramaNa-saMskRti mahAvIra ane buddhanA jamAnAmAM paraspara saMgharSamAM AvI ane e mahApuruSone emanA prakhara tapobaLe sAro vijaya apAvyo. moTA moTA vidvAno koI mahAvIranA zAsanamAM (mahAvIranA gautama Adi prathama agiyAra ziSyo prakhara brAhmaNa vidvAno hatA) joDAyA, to koI buddhanA zAsanamAM. mahAvIranA krAntikAraka upadezamAM mukhyatve lokomAM pracalita aMdhavizvAsa haTAvavo, hiMsAnuM vAtAvaraNa miTAvavuM, ahiMsAmaitrIbhAvano pracAra karavo, vivekabuddhinA udghATana dvArA dharmo ane darzano saMbaMdhI samanvaya rekhA-saMvAditA rajU karavI, ane sahuthI moTI vAta e che ke mANasone e darzAvavuM ke tamAruM sukha tamArA hAthamAM ja che. dhana-vaibhavamAM, parigrahamAM asalI sukha jovAnI ceSTA karazo to asaphaLa rahezo. janatAmAM satyano pracAra thAya te mATe e saMte te vakhate virbhASA gaNAtI evI saMskRta bhASAne sthAne janasamAjamAM - lokasamAjamAM pracalita evI prAkRta bhASAmAM potAnI upadeza-vANI vahevaDAvI hatI. mahAvIre khUba bhArapUrvaka kahyuM che ke, "mAnava potAnuM Atmahita-potAnuM jIvanazodhana jeTaluM vadhu sAdhe che teTaluM vadhu bIjAnuM bhaluM - bIjAnuM hita karI zake che ane eTalI vadhu saMvAditA samAjamAM sthApe che." badhA satyazodhakanI satyakhoja karavAnI paddhati judI judI hoya che. mahAvIranI nirUpaNazailI judI che. A zailInuM nAma che ane kAntanI zailI. vastunuM pUrNa tathA paryApta darzana thavuM kaThina che. jemane thAya tene paNa tenA te ja rUpamAM zabda dvArA ThIka ThIka kathana karavuM kaThina ja che. deza, kALa, paristhiti, bhASA, zailI vagerenA bhedanA kAraNe te badhAMnAM kathanomAM kaMI ne kaMI bhinnatA, viruddhatA dekhAI Ave e anivArya che. AvI vastusthiti joI mahAvIre vicAryuM ke evo mArga kADhavo joIe, jethI vastunuM pUrNa yA apUrNa satyadarzana karavAvALA sAthe anyAya na thavA pAme. bIjAnuM darzana apUrNa ane ApaNI potAnI viruddha hovA chatAM jo satya hoya, ane e ja pramANe ApaNuM potAnuM darzana apUrNa ane bIjAthI viruddha hovA chatAM jo satya hoya to e baMnene nyAya maLe evo mArga kADhavo joIe. e mArga te anekAnta daSTi, saMvAditAnI daSTinI A cAvI vaDe te saMte vaiyaktika tathA sAmUhika jIvananI vyAvahArika ane pAramArthika samasyAonAM tALAM kholI nAkhyAM che. Ama sAmAjika saMvAditA UbhI karI. emaNe kahyuM - rAgadveSanI vRttine vaza na thatAM sAtvika mAdhyacya rAkhavuM. mAdhyazmano pUrNa vikAsa na thAya tyAM sudhI te tarapha lakSya rAkhI kevaLa satyanI ja jijJAsA rAkhavI. jema ApaNA potAnA pakSa ke mata para, tema bIjAnA virodhI lAgatA pakSa ke mata para, AdarapUrvaka vicAra karavo ane jema virodhI pakSa ke mata para, tema ApaNA potAnA pakSa ke mata para paNa tIvra samAlocaka daSTi rAkhavI. potAnA ane bIjAonA
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________________ 40 zrI yatIndrasUri dIkSAzatAbdi graMtha anubhavomAMthI je je aMza ThIka mAlUma paDe - cAhe te virodhI ja ja vizeSa paNe baLa ApyuM che. A ja siddhAMta uttama vyavasthApaka kema na jaNAtA hoya-e badhAno vivekaprajJAthI samanvaya karavAnI che ane ene na mAnavAthI enI jagyAe nananIvarganA apasiddhAMtane udAratAno abhyAsa karavo ane anubhavanA vadhavA para pUrvanA sthApita karavAthI sAmAjika saMvAditAne hAnI pahoMce che. te samaye samanvayamAM jyAM bhUla jaNAya tyAM mithyAbhimAna choDI sudhAro ucca ane nIca bhAvanI saMkucita vRtti eTalI - kaTTara ane kaThora karavo ane e krame AgaLa vadhavuM. Ama A daSTi eTale saMpUrNa hatI ke nIca ane halakA-zudra gaNAtA mANaso upara kaThora saMvAditA sthApavI. julama-sItama karavAmAM Avato hato. jemake "gautama dharmasUtra'mAM kahyuM che ke - veda sAMbhaLanAra zudranA kAnamAM sIsu ane lAkha bharI mahAvIranI vANImAM dhyAna kheMcanArI traNa bAbata che. devI; e vedanuM uccAraNa kare to jIbha kApI nAkhavI; ane yAda anekAnta, ahiMsA ane aparigraha. ane kAnA vize ApaNe carcA karI le to enuM zarIra kApI nAkhavuM : karI che ke mAnavavargamAM paraspara saumanasya-saMvAditA sAdhavAno mArga anekAnta daSTinA yoge saraLa thAya che. ahiMsAmAMthI anekAnta atha dAsya vedamupazRNvatasrapujatumyAM zrotrapranipUraNam / daSTi phure che. ane anekAnta daSTinA yoge ahiMsA jAgRta thAya udAharaNe-jihvAcchedo dhAraNe zarIrabhedaH // che. Ama e banne vacce ghaniSTha saMbaMdha che. hiMsAmAM asatya corI gautamadharmasUtra vagere badhA doSo ane bUrAIono samAveza thaI jAya che. hiMsA, na zudrAya matiM daghAnnocchiSTaM na haviSkRtam / jUTha, corI, luccAI, vagere badhA doSo parigrahanA AvezamAMthI na cAtyopadized dharma na yAsya vratamAdizet // janme che. e ja samAjamAM viSamatA ANe che ane vargavigraha vAsiSTa dharmasUtra jagADI dhAMdhala ane dhiMgANA macAvarAve che. badhAM pApo ane vaLI "vAsiSTha dharmasUtra'mAM kahyuM che ke zudrane buddhi na ApavI svacchandatA tathA vikAsonmAdonuM mULa e che. ahiMsAnI sAdhanA ane yajJano prasAda na devo ane ene dharmano upadeza tathA vratano parigrahanA samucita niyaMtraNa vagara azakya hoI parigraha niyamana Adeza na Apavo. Ama dharmanAM dvAra temane mATe baMdha hatAM. A jIvanahitanI ane samAjahitanI prathama bhUmi bane che. mATe saMdarbhamAM mahAvIre jaNAvyuM ke - gRhasthavarganA temaja samagra samAjanA bhalA mATe e mahAtmAe ucco guNe karmaNi yaH sa ucyate / parigraha parimANa (parimita parigraha), jenA vagara samAjamAM ke nIco guNe karmaNi yaH sa nIcaH / janatAmAM maitrI tathA sukha-zAMti sthapAI zakatI nathI, tenA upara zudro'pi cet saccaritaH sa ucco, / khUba ja bhAra Apyo che. ane e rIte lokonuM vyavahAru jIvana dvijo'pi ced duzcaritaH sa nIcaH // ujjavaLa ane sukhazAMtivALuM bane e dizAmAM e saMtapuruSano je guNa-karmamAM ucca che te ucca che ane je guNakarmamAM nIca upadezapracAra vyApaka banelo che. Aje sAmyavAda ane samAjavAdanuM che te nIca che. kahevAto zudra paNa saccaritra hoya to ucca che ane AMdolana jagata upara pharI vaLyuM che, paNa sAmyavAdano sAmAjika kahevAto brAhmaNa paNa duzcaritra hoya to nIca che. Ama kahI vartananA saMvAditAno vizuddha rUpano pracAra parigraha parimANa ane lokamaitrIno susaMskAra para uccapaNuM pratiSTha hovAnuM samajAvyuM. mAtra vANIthI ja vizAla nAda bajAvI aDhI hajAra varSa pUrve sarva prathama zreSTha rIte na samajAvyuM paNa nIca, dalita ke aspRzya gaNAtAone mATe paNa mahAvIre karelo e aitihAsika satya che. potAnAM dharmasaMsthAnAM dvAra khullA karI dIdhAM, Ama mahAvIra mahAvIre te samayamAM pracalita thayelI dAsa-dAsInI bUrI sAmAjika saMvAditA prasthApita karavAno prayAsa karyo hato. prathAo haTAvavA tIvra tapazcaryA karI lokone samAnatAnA pATha te samaye strIne hIna koTIe mUkI devAmAM AvI hatI. vedamAM bhaNAvyA hatA. mahAvIre dAsIpaNAmAM sapaDAI gayelI rAjakumArI strIne tiraskAravAmAM AvI hatI te vakhate mahAvIre jagata AgaLa candanabALA'ne sAdhvI banAvI hatI te noMdhapAtra che. A che strIne puruSa samakakSa jAhera karI ane dhArmika kSetramAM puruSanA sarakhe sAmAjika saMvAditAnuM ja udAharaNa. darajju caDhAvI ane tene sanyAsa-dIkSAmAM paNa svIkArI. emaNe sAmAjika saMvAditA sthApavA arthe uttarAdhyana sUtramAM kahyuM : emanA dharma mArgane enA sAcA rUpamAM mAnavadharma kahI zakIe. kammuNA baMbhaNo hoI kammuNA hoi khattio je badhA pratye nyAya ane samAnatAnI daSTivALo hoI jagatano vo ToTuM suddho vaDu muLA || 30 || koIpaNa mANasa potAnA sthiti-saMjoga pramANe ene anusarI zake che, pALI zake che e pUrNadA vitarAga jJAnI mArga "jina' prakAza (uttarAdhyana, pacIsamuM adhyayana) ke pracAramAM ANela hovAne kAraNe ja jainadharma kahevAya che. bAkI karmathI brAhmaNa che. karmathI kSatriya che. karmathI vaizya che ane enI vAstaviktA ane vyApakatA jotAM e sarvajanasparzI ane karmathI zudra che. sarvajanahitAvaha mArgadarzaka dharma janadharma' kahI zakAya. Ama mahAvIre (ane buddha paNa) karmaLA varganA siddhAMta upara vaLI mahAvIra kahe che -
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________________ sAdhusaMtonI vANImAM pragaTa thatI binasAMpradAyiktA ane sAmAjika saMvAditA samatAthI zramaNa thavAya che. brahmacaryathI brAhmaNa thavAya che. jJAna (vivekajJAna)thI muni thavAya che ane tapathI tApasa thavAya che. samavAe samaNo hoi baMbhacareNa baMbhaNo / nANeNa ya muNI hoI saNa hoI tAvaso // 31 || samatA eTale sarva prANIo pratye samAnatAno bhAva keLavI A mIyatA batAvavI te. temaja sukhaduHkha, lAbhahAni, jayaparApanA prasaMgomAM mananuM molapaNa na gumAvatAM enuM sthApa jALavI rAkhavuM te. brahmacarya eTale paudgalika sukhopabhogamAM lubdha na thatAM manano nirodha karI brahmamAM (paramAtmA athavA paramAtmA pade pahoMcADanAra kalyANamArgamAM) vicaravuM, vizvavuM - mamA thavuM te. jemake yazovijayajI kahe che - jaina dharmano mukhya upadeza e che ke je je rIte rAga-dveSa ochA thAya, naSTa thAya, te te rIte varto-pravarto (vitra vartuLA da jaha jaha rAgadoSA lahuM viliJjanti vaha vaha payaSTiavyaM esA ANA jiNi dANaM // AdhyAtmaparIyA-aMtimagAya. - povija Ama mahAvI2 vANImAM pade pade sAmAjika saMvAditA pragaTa thAya che. saMta haribhadrasUri (AThamI sadI) emanA tattvapUrNa suMdara graMtha 'ApavAmA samupa mAM jainadarzanasaMmata para jugatartA nathI e siddhAMta yuktipurAra siddha karyA pachI e samabhAvasArthaka ane guNapUjaka AcArya kahe che : tatazvezvaravAdo'yaM pujyate parama samyag nyAya virodhena yathA huM: zudhdhabudhdhayaH // 10 || IzvaraH paramAtmaiva taduktasevanAt yato muktistatastarupA kartA syAd guNabhAvataH // 11 // tadanAsevanAdeva yat saMsAro'pi tattvataH / tena tasyApi kartRtvaM na duSyati // 12 || IzvarakartRtvano mata AvI rItanI yuktithI ghaTAvI zakAya che ke rAgadveSa morahita pUrNa vItarAga pUrNajJAnI paramAtmA e ja Izvara che. ane teNe pha2mAvela kalyANamArgane ArAdhavAthI mukti prApta thAya che, mATe muktinA denAra Izvara che ema upacArathI kahI zakAya ane e paramAtmAe batAvela saddharmamArganuM ArAdhana nahi karavAthI bhavabhramaNa je karavuM paDe che te paNa Izvarano upadeza nahi mAnyAnuM pariNAma che. 'Izvara kartA che' evA vAkya para keTalAkano Adara baMdhAyo che temane lakSyamAM rAkhIne pUrvokta prakAranI vyAkhyA - dezanA ApavAmAM AvI che ema raMbhadrasUri kare che. kartA'yamiti tadvAkyeM yataH keSAzvidAdaraH / atastadAnuguNyena tasya kartRtvadezanA // 3 || 41 ribhadrasUri bIjI rIte padma upacAra vagara izvarane kAM batAve che : paramaizvaryakRtvAnmata Atmaiva vezvaraH / 4 // saca karteti nirdoSe kartRvAdo vyavasthitaH // athavA paramAtmA Izvara che ema manAyuM che, kemake dareka AtmA (jIva) enA sAcA rUpamAM parama aizvaryapuMgI che ane AtmA (jIva) te cokhkhI rIte karyA che ja. AvI rIte IzvarakanRtvavAda vyavasthita thaI zake che. Ama haribhadrasUri saMvAditA sthApavA prayatna kare che. AcArya hemacandrAcArya prabhAsa pATaNamAM somanAtha mahAdevanI mUrtinA sAmIple stuti karatI vakhate nIceno zloka bolyA hatA. te temanI binasAMpradAyiktA tathA sAmAjika sevAnA prasthApita karavAno prayAsa che. bhavatIjAGkara jananA rAgAyAH kSayamupAgatA yasyA / brahmA vA viSNurvA haro jino vA namastasyai // bhava-saMsAranA kAraNabhUta rAga, dveSa Adi samagra doSo jenA kSaya pAmyA che te cAhe brahmA, viSNu, zaMkara athavA jina hoya tene mArA namaskAra che. mUrti e AvA vItarAgatAnA uccatama AdezanuM (paramAtmAnuM vItarAgatAno pratibhAsa pADanAruM pratIka che te pratIka dvArA Adarza (paramAtmA)nI pujA-bhakti thaI zake che. Adarzane kayA nAmathI pUjavuM e bAbatamAM A zloka kahe che ke AdarzanuM pUjana ane bhakti amuka ja nAma ja uccArIne thaI zake evuM kAMI nathI. game te nAma ApIne ane uccArIne Adarzane pUjI zakAya che. saMta yazovijayajI paNa emanI 'paramAtmApacIsI' nAmanI kRtimAM kahe che ke . budhyo jino hRSIkeza zabhbhurbrahmAdipUruSaH / ityAdinAmabhede'pi nArthataH sa bimiyate // buddha, jina, pIke- zambhu, brahmA, Adi puruSa vagere jA judAM nAma chatAM e badhAno artha eka ja che. eka ja paramAtmA e badhAM nAmothI abhihita thAya che. ane vaLI 'anekAnta vibhUti dvAtriMzikA' nAmanA graMthamAM yazovijayajI kahe che rAgAdijetA bhagavan / jino'si / yudhyo'si buddhi paramAmupetaH kaivalyavid vyApitayA'si viSNuH zivo'si kalyANa vibhUti pUrNaH // ke prabhu, huM gAdi doSono jetA hovAthI jina che, parama buddhine prApta thayela hoI buddha che. kaivalajJAnathI vyApaka hovAthI viSNu che ane kalyANapUrNa hovAthI ziva che.
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________________ 42 zrI yatIndrasUri dIkSAzatAbdi graMtha ahIM tAtparya e che ke tamane game te mUrtinuM ane game te vyavahAra mArga hetue saMghanI sthApanA paNa karI che ane tenA nAmanuM AlaMbana lo, chatAM jemanI pUjanIya mUrtino AkAra-prakAra AcAranI rajUAta karI che to paNa, teno artha e nathI ke je ke racanAprakAra bhinna hoya athavA jeo Adarza oLakhavA mATe saMghamAM na hoya tathA te e prakAranA AcAra na pALato hoya to judA nAmano upayoga karatA hoya temanI sAthe te kAraNe virodha ke paNa jo te satya-ahiMsAne mArge cAlato hoya to te jaina che. pachI takarAra ke visaMvAditA karavAnuM koI kAraNa nathI, eTaluM ja nahi, te bhale game te jAti-kuLa-vaMza-saMpradAyano hoya, paNa te avazya tenI bAbatone laIne temanA pratyenA ApaNA maitrIzALI vyavahAramAM jaina che. ane te mokSano adhikArI che ema jaina dharma kahe che : pharaka na paDavo joIe. vItarAgatA e pratyeka mAnavanuM aMtima sAdhya-dhyeya hovuM joIe Ama jaina dharmamAM pAyA rUpe ja sAmAjika saMvAditA rahelI che. e mukhya bAbata sivAya jaina dharma anya saMpradAyonI tattvaviSayaka aDhAramI sadImAM thaI gayela saMta AnaMdaghanajInA samayamAM mAnyatA ane AcArasaMhitA athavA kriyAkAMDa pratye Adara dharAve jaina saMpradAya vicchinna hato. pratyeka ga7 svamatAgrahI hato. eTale che te bAbata yazovijayajInA 'paramAtmApaccIsI'nA nIcenA kavi kahe che : zlokathI spaSTarekha thAya che. gacchanA bhedabahu nayana nIhALatAM, jitendriyA jitakrodhA dAntAtmAnaH zubhAzayAH tattvanI vAta karatAM na lAje, paramAtmagatiM yAnti vibhanneriva vartmaniH / udarabharaNAdi nija kAja karatAM thakI, jItendriya, krodhAdikapAparahita. zAntamanA, zubha AzayovALA moha naDIA kalikAlakAje, sajjano judA judA mArgathI paNa paramAtmA dazAe pahoMcI zake che. rAma bhaNI, rahemAna bhaNAvI, arihaMta pATha paDhAI jayazekharasUri potAnI saMbohasattaramAM kahe che ke - ghara ghara ne huM dhaMdhe vilagI, alagI jIva sagAI. seyaMbaro ya AsaMvaro ya budhyo va ahava annovA Ama AnaMdaghanajI gaccha mAnatA nathI, te badhA saMpradAyanA samamavamavi kapa tAruM kuvaravuM na saMvedo // 2 samanvayamAM mAnanArA che. te sAmAjika saMvAditAmAM mAne che. zvetAMbara, digaMbara, bauddha yA anya koI paNa jo samabhAvabhAvita hoya to avazya mukti prApta kare che. saMdarbha H 1. jaina darzana, nyAyavijayajI pATaNa. 1968 jaina dharmano paricaya karavAthI mAluma paDe che ke te vastutaH 2. yazododana, hIrAlAla kApaDiyA. vADArUpa saMpradAya nathI. te jIvanavidhi ke jIvanacaryA che. to paNa 3. AnaMdaghananAM pado, hIrAlAla kApaDiyA tIrthakare caturvidha saMghanI sthApanA karI che (sAdhu-sAdhvI-zrAvakazrAvikA) ane AcAra-kriyA-paddhati-paNa pradarzita karI che, ane