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________________ sAdhanA ke do Adarza bhAratIya darzana-zAstra meM eka bahuta hI ulajhA huA prazna hai ki Atma-sAdhanA ke lie kauna-sA mArga zreSTha hai-sAdhu jIvana yA gRhastha jIvana ? aneka RSiyoM, manISiyoM evaM vicArakoM ne apanA-apanA citana isa viSaya para diyA hai| jisa mArga se jinhoMne sAdhanA kI, apane svarUpa kA bodha prApta kiyA, unhoMne usI mArga ko zreSTha batalA diyaa| kisI ne muni jIvana ko zreSTha batalAyA, to kisI ne gRhastha jIvana ko| vaiSNava sampradAya ke eka mahAn AcArya ne gRhastha jIvana kI prazaMsA meM mukta-kaNTha se kahA hai-- "gRhasthAzrama samo dharmo, na bhUto na bhaviSyati / " isa vicAra ko bahuta se vyaktiyoM ne mAnA bhI hai, aura isa para cale bhI haiN| Aja gRhastha jIvana kI sAdhanA kA bar3e ghaTATopa se maNDana kiyA jAtA hai| " dUsarI ora, bhAratIya citana kI eka pramukha dhArA hai ki-gRhastha jIvana kA prANI bahuta pAmara prANI hai| vaha rAta-dina vAsanAoM kI gandagI meM par3A rahatA hai, saMgharSoM aura svArthoM ke a~dhere meM idhara-udhara bhaTakatA rahatA hai| patnI aura baccoM kI ulajhana meM hI jIvana ke mahattvapUrNa kSaNa gaeNvAtA rahatA hai / santa kabIra ne isI sandarbha meM kahA hai---- "yaha saMsAra kA~ToM ko jhAr3I, ulajha-pulajha mari jAnA hai|" - yaha gRhastha jIvana kevala kA~ToM se bharA huA hI nahIM hai, apitu kA~ToM kI eka saghana jhAr3I hI hai, jisameM eka bAra koI prANI ulajha gayA, to basa phira trANa nahIM hai| balagama (khaMkhAra) meM phaMsI makkhI kI taraha tar3apa-tar3apa kara hI prANa gavA~ baiThatA hai| isake dUsare pArzva para sAdhu jIvana kA bhI bar3A hI raMgIna citra upasthita hai "mana lAgo mero yAra phakIrI meM, jo sukha pAyo rAma bhajana meM, so sukha nahIM amIrI meN|" isa varga ke vicArakoM ne sAdhu-jIvana ko bahuta adhika mahattva diyA hai| kucha vicArakoM ne to ise jIte-jI mRtyu taka kI saMjJA de dI hai| hA~, vAstava meM jIte-jI maranA bhI eka bahuta bar3I kalA hai, vaha to jIvana-mukti kI kalA hai| vahA~ tyAga, vairAgya kI bhaTTI meM niraMtara jalate rahanA par3atA hai| madhya-mArga: bhagavAna mahAvIra ke sAmane bhI yaha prazna uThA thaa| saMsAra ke hara mahApuruSa ke samakSa yaha prazna pAyA hai| hara sAdhAraNa vyakti ke samakSa bhI yaha prazna AtA hai| cUMki saMsAra kA hara prANI rAhagira hai, pathika hai, ataH usake samakSa pahalA prazna rAha kA AtA hai| vaha kauna-sI rAha para cale, jisase jIvana meM Ananda kA, ullAsa kA vAtAvaraNa mile| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne isakA bahuta hI sundara samAdhAna diyA hai| unhoMne donoM 'ati' se sAdhanA ke do Adarza Jain Education Interational
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________________ bacakara bIca kA mArga dikhAyA hai| jIvana ke donoM kinAroM se bacakara unakI vicAragaMgA jIvana ke bIcoM-bIca pravAhita huI hai / samanvayavAda yA anekAntavAda kI sundara naukA jaba cintana ke sAgara meM bahane ko ho, taba DUbane kA to koI prazna hI nahIM rhtaa| unakI kAnta-pradhAna vANI se satya kI upalabdhi hotI hai / bhagavAn kI usI vANI ko gaNadharoM ne isa rUpa meM prakaTa kiyA hai- "santi egehiM bhikkhuhi, gAratyA saMjamuttarA / gAroha samvehi, sAhavo saMjamuttarA // " - uttarA, 5, 20. kucha try to fbhakSu aise haiM ki sAdhanA ke mArga para lar3akhar3Ate cala rahe haiM, unheM dRSTi nahIM milI, kintu phira bhI cale jA rahe haiN| jIvana ke antarlakSyoM ko nahIM pAkara prodhasaMjJA se hI cale jA rahe haiM-- eka ke pIche eka ! dRSTi to kisI eka ko milI, jise mArga kA jJAna prApta huaa| vaha calA usa mArga para / bAkI sAdhaka to usa mahAn sAdhaka ke pIche calate rahe, kevala usakI vANI ke sahAre / aura kAlAntara meM Age Ane vAle, usakI vANI ko bhI bhUlate cale ge| unakI dazA gAMva ke usa kutte ke samAna hai ki gA~va meM cora AyA / jisa ghara para vaha gayA, usa ghara kA kuttA cora ko dekhate hI bhoMkane laga gayA / aba kyA thA, AsapAsa meM dUsare gharoM ke kutte bhI usa ghara ke kutte kI bhauMkane kI AvAja sunakara bhauMkane laga ge| ina bhauMkanevAle kuttoM meM se cora ko to dekhA usa pahale kutte ne, parantu bhauMkanA anya sAre kuttoM ne zurU kara diyaa| isa prakAra cora ko dekhanevAlA draSTA kuttA to eka hI hai, anya saba bhauMkanA sunakara kevala bhauMkanevAle haiM, draSTA nahIM haiM / yadi dUsare kuttoM se bhauMkane kA kAraNa pUchA jAe to yahI kaheMge ki mAlUma nahIM, kyA bAta hai ? udhara se bhauMkane kI AvAja AI, isalie hama bhauMka rahe haiM / parantu, unase pUchA jAe ki kyA tumane cora ko dekhA hai, vaha cora kaisA hai, to ve kyA batA sakeMge ? cUMki ve to sirpha usa draSTA kutte kI AvAja para hI bhauMke jA rahe haiN| bAta yaha jarUra kar3avI hai, jo saMbhavataH kucha sAthiyoM ke mana ko coTa kara sakatI hai, kintu satya yahI hai ki hajAroM rasi ke jhuMDa meM koI eka hI aisA guru thA, jo draSTA thA aura jise zrAtmA-paramAtmA ke usa divya svarUpa kA sAkSAtkAra huA thA / satya kI bhUmikA ko chUnevAlA vaha eka hI thA, aura vaha bhI saMsAra kA eka hI jIva thA, kintu prabuddha jAgRta jIva thA / saMsAra ke arat guru-le to basa dekhA-dekhI bhauMkanevAle haiN| satya kA sAkSAtkAra aura cIja hai, aura satya ke sAkSAtkAra kA daMbha aura cIja dekhA-dekhI kA yoga, yoga nahIM, roga hai / aura vaha roga sAdhaka ko galA detA hai| kahA bhI hai- 'dekhAdekhI sAdhe joga, chIje kAyA bAr3he roga / ' sAdhanA kA mAnadaNDa : saMsAra meM eka dina bhagavAn pArzvanAtha aura bhagavAn mahAvIra aae| unhoMne dekhA ki cAroM ora ye bhauMkanevAle hI zora macA rahe haiM- kucha gRhastha ke veSa meM, to kucha sAdhu ke veSa meN| unhoMne pUchA - "kyoM bhAI, tuma kisalie bhauMka rahe ho ? kyA tumheM kucha dikhAI par3A ? vAsanA, lobha, krodha, rAga-dveSa kA cora tumane kahIM dekhA hai ?" to ve saba cupa ho gaye / jo apanI A~kha banda kara sirpha eka-dUsare ke anukaraNa para cala rahe the, unheM TokA --- "ai bhauMkanevAlo ! pahale dekho ki tuma kisake lie bhauMka rahe ho| usa cora kI sattA kahA~ hai ? kisa rUpa meM hai vaha ? " bAta yaha hai ki jo sAdhanA ke mArga para daur3ate to jA rahe haiM, kintu jinheM apanI maMjila ke bAre meM koI jJAna nahIM hai, unhIM sAdhutroM ke lie bhagavAn mahAvIra ke darzana meM kahA gayA hai ki ve janma-janmAntara meM sAdhu kA bAnA kitanI hI bAra le cuke haiN| yadi 134 pannA samikee dhammaM .
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________________ una saba bAnoM ko ekatra kiyA jAe, to meru parvata ke samAna eka gaganacumbI U~cA Dhera ho sakatA hai, parantu AtmA ke antartama meM eka iMca bhI parivartana nahIM aayaa| isa prakAra ke aMdha sAdhu jIvana se to gRhastha hI acchA hai, jo sevA, ahiMsA aura karuNA ke mArga para cala rahA hai| gRhastha jIvana meM aneka saMgharSa pAte haiN| usa para parivAra, samAja Adi ke rUpa meM vibhinna prakAra ke uttaradAyitvoM kA bojha rahatA hai| parantu, yadi usameM bhI ImAnadArI hai, sevA hai, tyAga hai aura dRSTi meM niliptatA hai, to vaha veSadhArI sAdhu se acchA hai, bahuta acchA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne sAdhanA kA mAnadaNDa veSa ko kabhI nahIM mAnA hai, bhAvanA ko mAnA hai| agara mAnava sacce artha meM sAdha banA. sahI daSTi milI, jIvana meM tyAga aura vairAgya utarA, lakSya kI jhA~kI milI, to una gRhasthoM se vaha bahuta U~cA hai, bahuta mahAn hai, jo ki kAma, krodha, moha, lobha Adi ke saghana aMdhakAra meM jIvana gujAra rahe hai| ataH niSkarSa yaha nikalA ki cAhe sAdhu ho yA gahastha, yadi prAmANikatA aura ImAnadArI se apane lakSya kI ora cala rahA hai, to ThIka hai, anyathA donoM kI hI sthiti koI mahattva kI nahIM hai| hama kaha cuke haiM ki sAdhanA kA mUlyAMkana sAdhu yA gRhastha ke nAma se nahIM hotA, veSa se nahIM hotA, AtmA se hotA hai| cAhe choTA ho yA bar3A, jisameM ImAnadArI hai, prAmANikatA hai, vahI zreSTha hai, vahIM U~cA hai| do samAnAntara rekhAe~: sAdhu aura gRhastha ko bhagavAna ke putra ke rUpa meM mAna kara unheM paraspara bar3A aura choTA bhAI batAyA hai| isa para yaha prazna upasthita hotA hai ki bar3A bhAI bananA acchA hotA hai yA choTA bhAI ? donoM meM kauna bar3A hai, kauna choTA? kauna acchA hai, kauna burA ? mahAbhArata meM pANDavoM kA udAharaNa hai--yudhiSThira bar3e the aura duryodhana choTA / eka ora baladeva bar3e the aura dUsarI ora zrIkRSNa choTe / yadi bar3A bananA ho to yudhiSThira kA Adarza apanAyo aura yadi choTA bananA ho to zrIkRSNa kA / kRSNa ne choTe hokara bhI jo mahatvapUrNa kArya kiye, ve unheM mahAn banA dete haiN| bar3A bhAI bananA cAheM, to rAma kA udAharaNa bhI sammukha hai| bar3A banane ke sAtha usakA uttaradAyitva bhI bahuta bar3A ho jAtA hai| choTe bhAI ke rUpa meM lakSmaNa aura bharata kA caritra bhI bahata anukaraNIya hai| ina ujjvala Adarza paramparAnoM ke viparIta eka dUsarA malina pakSa bhI hamAre samakSa AtA hai| mugala itihAsa meM aise aneka udAharaNa bhare par3e haiM-jahA~ choTe bhAI ne bar3e bhAI ko aura bar3e bhAI ne choTe bhAI ko khUna se nahalAyA hai| rAjA zreNika kA bhI udAharaNa sAmane AtA hai ki jahA~ putra ne pitA ko kArAgRha meM banda kara diyaa| idhara rAma kA bhI prAdarza hai ki jisane sirpha pitA ke Adeza kA pAlana karane ke lie hI caudaha varSa kA vanavAsa svIkAra kiyaa| pitA-putra ke Adarza, bhAI-bhAI ke Adarza aura pati-patnI ke prAdarza kI sArthakatA isI meM hai ki unheM jIvana meM prAmANikatA ke sAtha utArA jaae| Adarza kI zreSThatA deza aura kAla se, jAti aura vaMza paramparA se, bar3e choTe se nahIM nApI jAtI, balki vaha nApI jAtI hai andara kI, saccAI se, andara kI prAmANikatA se / ina AdarzoM kA pAlana tabhI ho sakatA hai, jaba jIvana meM bhaya aura pralobhanoM para vijaya pAne kI zakti ho| prANI mAtra inhIM do pAToM ke bIca pisatA pA rahA hai| jitane vigraha hue haiM, lar3AiyA~ huI haiM, una sabake mUla meM ye hI do kAraNa rahe haiN| jisa sAdhaka ne ina para vijaya prApta karalI, vaha nizcaya hI apanI sAdhanA ke lakSya ko saphala kara cukA hai| saMsAra ke bar3e-bar3e samrATa usake caraNoM meM natamastaka ho jAte haiN| yaha tyAgiyoM kA zAsana ajeya zAsana hai| vaha kabhI samApta nahIM ho sktaa| vahA~ choTe-bar3e kI pratiSThA nahIM, tyAga kI pratiSThA hotI hai| jisakA tyAga adhika tejasvI hotA hai, vahI mahAn hotA hai| yadi sAdhanA kA vaha teja gRhastha jIvana meM pradIpta ho sakatA hai, to vaha jIvana bhI mahAn ho sakatA hai| yadi sAdhu-jIvana meM prakAzamAna hotA hai, to vaha bhI mahAn hai / sAdhanA ke do prAdarza 135 Jain Education Interational
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________________ sAdhu kA veSa pahana kara bhI yadi sAdhutA kA sparza nahIM huaA, to usa veSa se kucha bhI lAbha nahIM ho sktaa| bAhara kA mahattva nahIM, andara kA mahattva hai| do Adarza : vArANasI meM saMta kabIra sAdhanA meM lage the| vaha bAhara' meM vastroM kA tAnA-bAnA buna rahe the| kintu, andara meM sAdhanA kA tAnA-bAnA bunane meM saMlagna the| eka brAhmaNa kA putra aneka vidyAnoM kA adhyayana karake paccIsa varSa kI avasthA meM jaba jIvana ke naye mor3a para AyA, to usane vicAra kiyA ki vaha kauna-se jIvana meM praveza kare, sAdhu bane yA gRhasthAzrama meM jAe? apanI isa ulajhana ko usane kabIra ke samakSa rkhaa| kabIra usa samaya tAnA pUra rahe the| prazna sunakara bhI unhoMne koI uttara nahIM diyaa| yuvaka ne kucha dera taka cupa rahakara pratIkSA kI, kintu koI uttara nahIM milaa| usane phira apanA prazna duharAyA, lekina kabIra ne phira bhI javAba nahIM diyaa| tabhI kabIra ne patnI ko pukArA"jarA dekho to tAnA sApha karane kA jhabbA kahA~ hai ?" itanA kahanA thA ki kabIra kI patnI use khojane lgii| dina ke sapheda ujAle meM bhI kabIra ne bigar3ate hue kahA-"dekhatI nahIM ho, kitanA aMdhakAra hai ? cirAga lAkara dekho, patnI daur3atI haI cirAga lekara AI, aura lagI khojane / jhabbA to kabIra ke kandhe para rakhA thaa| kintu, phira bhI kabIra kI patnI pati kI itanI AjJAkAriNI thI ki jaisA usane kahA vaisA hI karane laga gii| yuvaka ko yaha dekhakara bar3A Azcarya huaa| vaha soca hI rahA thA ki Akhira yaha kyA mAjarA hai ? itane meM kabIra ne apane lar3ake aura lar3akI ko AvAja dii| jaba ve Ae, to unheM bhI vahI jhabbA khojane kA Adeza diyaa| aura, ve bhI capacApa khojane laga ge| kucha dera taka khojane ke bAda kabIra ne kahA----"are! yaha to mere kaMdhe para rhaa| acchA jAno, apanA-apanA kAma kro|" sabhI lauTa ge| yuvaka bar3A parezAna thA ki "yaha kaisA mUrkha hai ? kaisI vicitra bAteM karatA hai ? mere prazna kA kyA khAka uttara degA ?" tabhI kabIra ne usakI ora dekhA, yuvaka ne phira apanA prazna duhraayaa| kabIra ne kahA, maiM to uttara de cukA hU~, tuma abhI samajhe nhiiN| abhI jo dRzya tumane dekhA thA, usase sabaka lenA caahie| yadi gRhastha bananA cAhate ho to, aise bano ki tumhAre prabhAvazAlI vyaktitva se prabhAvita ghara vAle dina ko rAta aura rAta ko dina mAnane ko bhI taiyAra ho jaaeN| tumhAre vivekapUrNa komala vyavahAra meM itanA AkarSaNa ho ki parivAra kA pratyeka sadasya tumhAre prati apane Apa khiMcA rahe, taba to gRhastha jIvana ThIka hai| anyathA yadi ghara kurukSetra kA maidAna banA rahe, Aye dina TakarAhaTa hotI rahe, to isa gRhastha jIvana se koI lAbha nhiiN| aura, yadi sAdhu bananA ho, to calo eka sAdhu ke pAsa, tumhArA mArga-darzana karA duuN|| kabIra yuvaka ko lekara eka sAdhu ke pAsa pahu~ce, jo gaMgA taTa para eka bahuta U~ce TIle para rahatA thaa| kabIra ne unheM pukArA to vaha vRddha sAdhu lar3akhar3AtA huA dhIre-dhIre nIce utraa| kabIra ne kahA--"basa, Apake darzanoM ke lie AyA thA, darzana ho ge|" sAdhu phira dhIre-dhIre Upara caDhA. to kabIra ne phira pukArA aura sAdha phira nIce pAyA aura pUchA-"kyA kahanA hai ?" kabIra ne kahA--"abhI samaya nahIM hai, phira kabhI pAU~gA, taba khuuNgaa|" sAdhu phira TIle para car3ha gyaa| kabIra ne tIsarI bAra phira pukArA aura sAdhu phira nIce AyA / kabIra ne kahA-"aise hI pukAra liyA, koI khAsa bAta nahIM hai|" sAdhu usI bhAva se, usI prasanna mudrA se phira vApisa lauTa gyaa| usake cehare para koI zikana taka na aaii| kabIra ne yuvaka kI ora prazna bharI daSTi DAlI aura bole-"kucha dekhA? sAdhu bananA ho, to aisA bno| itanA azakta vaddha zarIra, A~khoM kI rozanI kamajora, ThIka taraha calA bhI nahIM jaataa| itanA saba kucha hone para bhI, tumane dekhA, maiMne tIna bAra pukArA aura tInoM bAra usI zAnta mudrA se nIce Ae aura vaise hI lauTa ge| mujha para jarA bhI pannA samikkhae dhamma Jain Education Interational
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________________ krodha kI jhalaka nahIM, ghRNA nahIM, dveSa nhiiN| sAdhu bananA cAhate ho, to aise bano ki tumameM itanI sahiSNutA rahe, itanI kSamA rahe / jIvana meM prasannatA ke sAtha kaSToM kA sAmanA karane kI kSamatA ho, to sAdhu kI U~cI bhUmikA para jA sakate ho|" isI ghaTanA ke prakAza meM hama bhagavAn mahAvIra kI vANI kA rahasya samajha sakate haiM ki sAdhu jIvana ho yA gahastha jIvana, jaba taka jIvana meM Antarika teja nahIM jaga pAe, prAmANikatA aura saccI niSThA kA bhAva na ho, to donoM hI jIvana badatara hai| aura, yadi ina sadguNoM kA samAveza jIvana meM ho gayA hai, to donoM hI jIvana acche haiM, zreSTha hai, aura unase Atma-kalyANa kA mArga sugamatA se prazasta ho sakatA hai| Jain Education Intemational