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________________ rAmaputta yA rAmagupta : sUtrakRtAna ke sandarbha meM ? sUtrakRtAGga ke tRtIya adhyayana meM kucha mahApuruSoM ke nAmoM kA meM inakA kahA~ ullekha hai aura kisa nAma se ullekha hai? isibhAsiyAI ullekha pAyA jAtA hai| unameM rAmagutta (rAmaputta) kA bhI nAma AtA meM inameM se adhikAMza kA ullekha hai, kintu hama dekhate haiM ki vahA~ hai| DaoN.bhAgacandra jaina 'bhAskara' ne 'sama ethikala aispeTsa oNpha rAmagupta na hokara rAmaputta zabda hai| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki sUtrakRtAGga mahAyAna buddhijma aija DipikTeDa ina sUtrakRtAGga' nAmaka apane nibandha meM ullikhita rAmagutta samudragupta kA putra na hokara rAmaputta nAmaka koI meM sUtrakRtAGga meM ullikhita rAmagupta kI pahacAna samudragupta ke jyeSTha arhat RSi thaa| yahA~ yaha bhI prazna svAbhAvika rUpa se uThAyA jA sakatA putra ke rUpa meM kI hai| samudragupta ke jyeSTha putra rAmagupta ne candraprabha, hai ki yaha rAmaputta kauna thA? pAli-sAhitya meM hameM rAmaputta kA ullekha puSpadanta evaM padmaprabha kI pratimAe~ pratiSThita karavAI thIM, isa tathya upalabdha hotA hai| usakA pUrA nAma 'udakarAmaputta' hai| mahAvastu evaM kI puSTi vidizA ke purAtAttvika saMgrahAlaya meM upalabdha ina tIrthaGkaroM divyAvadAna meM use udraka kahA gayA hai| aGgattaranikAya ke vassakArasUtra kI mUrtiyoM se hotI hai| isase yaha bhI siddha hotA hai ki rAmagupta meM rAjA illeya ke aGgarakSaka yamaka evaM moggala ko rAmaputta kA anuyAyI eka jaina nareza thA, jisakI hatyA usake hI anuja candragupta vikramAditya batAyA gayA hai| majjhimanikAya, saMyuttanikAya aura dIghanikAya meM bhI ne kara dI thii| kintu sUtrakRtAGga meM ullikhita rAmagupta kI pahacAna udakarAmaputa kA ullekha hai| jAtaka meM ullekha hai ki buddha ne udakarAmaputta gupta samrAT samudragupta ke putra rAmagupta se karane para hamAre sAmane aneka se dhyAna kI prakriyA sIkhI thii| yadyapi unhoMne usakI mAnyatAoM kI prazna upasthita hote haiN| sabase pramukha prazna to yaha hai ki isa AdhAra samAlocanA bhI kI hai-phira bhI unake mana meM usake prati bar3A Adara para sUtrakRtAGga kI racanA-tithi IsA kI cauthI zatAbdI ke uttarArddha thA aura jJAna-prApti ke bAda unheM dharma ke upadeza-yogya mAnakara unakI evaM pA~cavIM zatI ke pUrvArddha taka calI jAtI hai, jabaki bhASA, zailI talAza kI thI, kintu taba taka unakI mRtyu ho cukI thii| ina sabhI evaM viSayavastu sabhI AdhAroM para sUtrakRtAGga IsA pUrva kI racanA siddha AdhAroM se yaha spaSTa hai ki sUtrakRtAGga meM ullikhita rAmaputta (rAmagutta) hotA hai| vastuta: pAli-sAhitya meM varNita udakarAmaputta hI hai- anya koI nhiiN| sUtrakRtAGga meM ullikhita rAmagupta kI pahacAna samudragupta ke putra udakarAmaputta kI sAdhanA-paddhati dhyAna-pradhAna aura madhyamArgI thI, aisA se karane para yA to hameM sUtrakRtAGga ko paravartI racanA mAnanA hogA bhI pAli-sAhitya se siddha hotA hai|11 sUtrakRtAGga meM bhI unheM AhAra athavA phira yaha svIkAra karanA hogA ki sUtrakRtAGga meM ullikhita karate hue mukti prApta karane vAlA batAkara isI bAta kI puSTi kI gaI rAmagupta samudragupta kA putra rAmagupta na hokara koI anya rAmagupta hai| hai ki vaha kaThora tapa-sAdhanA kA samarthaka na hokara madhyamamArga kA hamArI dRSTi meM yaha dUsarA vikalpa hI adhika yuktisaGgata hai| isa bAta samarthaka thaa| yahI kAraNa thA ki buddha kA usake prati jhukAva thaa| punaH ke bhI yatheSTa pramANa haiM ki ukta rAmagupta kI pahacAna isibhAsiyAI sUtrakRtAGga meM inheM pUrvamahApuruSa kahA gayA hai| yadi sUtrakRtAGga ke rAmagupta ke rAmaputta athavA pAli-sAhitya ke udakarAmaputta se kI jA sakatI kI pahacAna samudragupta ke putra rAmagupta se karate haiM to sUtrakRtAGga kI hai, jinakA ullekha hama Age kreNge| tithi kitanI bhI Age le jAyI jAya, kintu kisI bhI sthiti meM vaha sarvaprathama hameM sUtrakRtAGga meM jisa prasaGga meM rAmagupta kA nAma AyA usameM pUrvakAlika RSi ke rUpa meM ullikhita nahIM ho sktaa| sAtha hai, usa sandarbha para bhI thor3A vicAra kara lenA hogaa| sUtrakRtAGga meM hI sAtha yadi sUtrakRtAGga kA rAmagupta samudragupta kA putra rAmagupta hai nami, bAhuka, tArAyaNa (nArAyaNa), asitadevala, dvaipAyana, pArAzara Adi to usane siddhi-prApti kI, aisA kahanA bhI jaina-dRSTi se upayukta nahIM RSiyoM kI carcA ke prasaGga meM hI rAmagupta kA nAma AyA hai| ina hogA, kyoki IsA kI dUsarI-tIsarI zatAbdI taka jainoM meM yaha spaSTa gAthAoM meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki nami ne AhAra kA parityAga karake, dhAraNA bana cukI thI ki jambU ke bAda koI bhI siddhi ko prApta nahIM rAmagupta ne AhAra karake, bAhuka aura nArAyaNa RSi ne sacitta jala kara sakA hai, jabaki mUla gAthA meM 'siddhA' vizeSaNa spaSTa hai| kA upabhoga karate hue tathA devala, dvaipAyana evaM pArAzara ne vanaspati puna: rAmagupta kA ullekha bAhuka ke pUrva aura nami ke bAda hai, evaM bIjoM kA upabhoga karate hue muktilAbha prApta kiyaa| sAtha hI yahA~ isase bhI lagatA hai ki rAmagupta kA astitva ina donoM ke kAla ke ina sabako pUrvamahApuruSa evaM lokasammata bhI batAyA gayA hai| vastutaH madhya hI honA caahie| bAhuka kA ullekha isibhAsiyAiM meM hai aura yaha samagra ullekha una logoM ke dvArA prastuta kiyA gayA hai, jo ina isibhAsiyAiM kisI bhI sthiti meM IsA pUrva kI hI racanA siddha hotA mahApuruSoM kA udAharaNa dekara apane zithilAcAra kI puSTi karanA cAhate hai| ata: sUtrakRtAGga meM ullikhita rAmagupta samudragupta kA putra nahIM haiN| isa sandarbha meM "iha sammatA"6 zabda vizeSa draSTavya haiN| ho sktaa| pAli-sAhitya meM bhI hameM 'bAhiya' yA 'bAhika' kA ullekha yadi hama "iha sammatA" kA artha-jina-pravacana yA arhat-pravacana upalabdha hotA hai, jisane buddha se cAra smRti-prasthAnoM kA upadeza prApta meM sammata- aisA karate haiM, to hameM yaha bhI dekhanA hogA ki arhat-pravacana kara unakI sAdhanA ke dvArA arhat pada ko prApta kiyA thaa| pAli-tripiTaka karanA
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________________ - tIndra parimArakAlaya - jaina Agama sAhitya - se yaha bhI siddha hotA hai ki bAhiya yA bAhika pUrva meM svatantra rUpa nami ke samAna rAmaputta bhI koI rAjA rahA ho, jisane bAda meM zramaNa - se sAdhanA karatA thaa| bAda meM usane buddha se dIkSA grahaNa kara arhat-pada dIkSA aGgIkAra kara lI hai| prApta kiyA thaa| cU~ki bAhika buddha kA samakAlIna thA, ata: bAhika punaH hama yadi cUrNi kI ora jAte haiM, jo zIlAGka ke vivaraNa se thor3e pUrvavartI rAmaputta the| punaH rAmagutta, bAhuka, devala, dvaipAyana, kI pUrvavartI hai, usameM spaSTa rUpa se 'rAmAutte' aisA pATha hai, na ki pArAzara Adi jaina-paramparA ke RSi nahIM rahe haiM, yadyapi nami ke 'raamgutte'| isa AdhAra para bhI rAmaputta (rAmaputra) kI avadhAraNA susaGgata vairAgya-prasaGga kA ullekha uttarAdhyayana meM hai| isibhAsiyAI meM jinake baiThatI hai| isibhAsiyAI kI bhUmikA meM bhI sUtrakRtAGga ke TIkAkAra vicAroM kA saGkalana huA hai, unameM pArzva Adi ke eka do apavAdoM zIlAGka ne jo rAmagupta pATha diyA hai, use asaGgata batAte hue zubriGga ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI RSi nirgrantha-paramparA (jaina-dharma) se sambandhita ne 'rAmaputta' isa pATha kA hI samarthana kiyA hai| yadyapi sthAnAGgasUtra nahIM haiN| isibhAsiyAI aura sUtrakRtAGga donoM se hI rAmagutta (rAmaputta) ke anusAra antakRddadazA ke tIsare adhyayana kA nAma 'rAmagutte' hai| kA ajaina honA hI siddha hotA hai, na ki jain| jabaki samudragupta kA kintu prathama to vartamAna antakRddazAGga meM upalabdha adhyayana isase bhinna jyeSThaputra rAmagupta spaSTa rUpa se eka jaina dharmAvalambI nareza hai| hai, dUsare yaha bhI sambhava hai ki kisI samaya yaha adhyayana rahA hogA / sambhavata: DaoN0 bhAgacandra apane pakSa kI siddhi isa AdhAra para aura usame rAmaputta se sambandhita vivaraNa rahA hogA- yahA~ bhI TIkAkAra karanA cAheM ki sUtrakRtAGga kI mUla gAthAoM meM "putta' zabda na hokara kI bhrAntivaza hI 'putta' ke sthAna para gutta ho gayA hai| TIkAkAroM "gutta' zabda hai aura sUtrakRtAGga ke TIkAkAra zIlAGka ne bhI use rAmagupta ne mUla pAThoM meM aise parivartana kiye haiN| hI kahA hai, rAmaputta nahIM, sAtha hI use rAjarSi bhI kahA gayA hai, ata: ina saba AdhAroM para hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki sUtrakRtAGga meM use rAjA honA caahie| kintu hamArI dRSTi se ye tarka bahuta sabala ullikhita rAmaputta (rAmagupta) samudragupta kA jyeSTha putra rAmagupta na hokara nahIM haiN| prathama to yaha ki rAjarSi vizeSaNa nami evaM rAmagupta (rAmaputta) pAli-tripiTaka sAhitya meM evaM isibhAsiyAI meM ullikhita rAmaputta donoM ke sambandha meM lAgU ho sakatA hai aura yaha bhI sambhava hai ki hI hai, jisase buddha ne dhyAna-prakriyA sIkhI thii| 2. saMdarbha 1. AhaMsu mahApurisA puvviM tattatavodhaNA / udaeNa siddhimAvannA tattha maMdo visiiyti|| abhuMjiyA namI viga ne ya bhuMjiyA bAhue udagaM bhoccA tahAnArAyaNe risI Asile devile ceva dIvAyaNa mahArisI pArAsare dagaM bhoccA bIyANi hariyANi ya / ---- sUtrakRtAGga, 1/3/4/1-3 / Some Ethical Aspects of Mahayana Buddhism as depicted in the Sutrakrtanga, Page 2 (yaha lekha All India Seminar on Early Buddhism and Mahayana--Dept. of Pali and Buddhist Studies, B.H.U. Nov. 10 13, 1984 meM par3hA gayA thaa|) 3. bhagavato'rhato candraprabhasya pratimeyaM kAritA mahArAjAdhirAja zrI rAmaguptena upadezAt / jainasAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga-1, pR. 51-52 tathA sekreDa buksa oNpha dI IsTa, bhAga-22, prastAvanA, pR. 31 / sUtrakRtAGga, 1/3/4/2-3 / ete puvvaM mahApurisA ahitA iha sammatA / bhoccA bIodagaM siddhA iti meyamaNussua / / - vahI, 1/3/4/4 / 7. rAmaputteNa arahatA isiNaM buitN| - isibhAsiyAI, 23 / 8. ye samaNe rAmaputte abhippsnnaa|- aGguttaranikAya, 4/19/7 / 9. majjhima nikAya, 2/4/5; saMyuttanikAya, 34/2/5/10 / 10. atha kho bhagavato etadahosi- "kassa nu kho ahaM paThama dhAma deseyyaM? ko imaM dhamma khippameva AjAnissatI' ti? atha kho bhagavato etadahosi- "ayaM kho uddako rAmaputto paNDito rUpaye medhAvI dIgharataM apparajakkhajAtiko; yatrUnAhaM uddakassa rAmaputamya paThamaM dhamma deseyyaM, so imaM dhammaM khippameva aajaanisstiiti| aga kho antarahitA devatA bhagavato Arocesi- "abhidosakAlakato bhante, uddako raamputtoti| bhagavato pi khojANaM udapAdi "abhidosakAlaMkato uddako rAmaputto' ti| - mahAvagga, 1/6/10/2 / 11. majjhimanikAya, 2/4/5; 2/5/10 / 12. sUtrakRtAGga, 1/3/4/2 / 13. Isibhasiyaim (AJaina Text of Early Period), Introduction, p. 4 (L.D. Institute of Indology, Ahmedabad), 14. aMtagar3adasANaM dasa ajjhayaNA paNNattA, taM jahA nami mAtaMge somile, rAmagutte sudaMsaNe ceva / jamAlI ya bhagAlI ya, kiMkime pallae i ya / / 1 / / phAle aMbar3aputte ya, emae dasa aahiyaa|| - sthAnAGgasUtra, sthAna 10/755 /