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________________ rAmAyaNakA adhyayana bhAratavarSakI puNyabhUmimeM eka vaha yuga thA, jaba ki vaha dharmapradhAna bhUmi thI, jisako hama dharmayugake nAmase jAnate haiN| usa yugameM, puNyabhUmi bhAratameM, jina-jina mahApuruSoMne avatAra dhAraNa kiyA, ve na to kisI saMpradAyameM sImita ho kara rahe the aura na kisI saMpradAyane hI unako apane gherekA sImita vyakti mAnA thaa| usa yugameM hone vAle RSi-maharSi bhI aise the, jinhoMne prajAko vizuddha dharmAmRtakA pAna karAyA thaa| yahI kAraNa thA ki usa yugako prajAkA jIvana bhI unnata, vizada evaM vizAla bhAvanAoMse paripUrNa thaa| jisa yugakA nirmANa RSi-maharSiyoMne kiyA, usa pavitra yugako RSiyuga yA dharmayuga kahanA atyaMta samucita hogaa| rAmAyaNake vAstavika adhyayanakI jijJAsA rakhanevAloMke lie yaha nitAMta Avazyaka hai ki rAmAyaNake viSayameM jo-jo sAdhana Aja bhAratameM upasthita hoM, una saboMkA adhyayana evaM avalokana karanA hI cAhie / zAyada bahuta kama vidvAna mahAnubhAvoMko hI yaha jJAta hogA ki rAmAyaNake viSayameM jainAcAryoMne apanI lekhanI ThIka-ThIka calAI hai| isa laghu lekhameM rAmAyaNake viSayameM jainAcAryoMne jo mahattvapUrNa kArya kiyA hai aura jo choTe-bar3e rAmAyaNa graMtha prAkRta, saMskRta Adi bhASAoMmeM likhe haiM unakA paricaya diyA jAtA hai| 1. paumacariyaM - yaha sabase prAcIna evaM vistRta rUpameM likhA gayA rAmAyaNakathA graMtha hai / isake praNetA nAgilavaMzIya sthavira-AcArya rAhuprabhake ziSya sthavira zrI vimalAcArya haiM / vIrasaMvat 530 arthAt vikrama saMvat 60meM yA isvIsan 4meM isa graMthakI racanA huI hai| prAkRta bhASAmeM 9000 AryAparimita yaha caritagraMtha hai| jainAcAryoMne rAmAyaNa-viSayaka jo graMtha likhe haiM, una saboMmeM yaha mahAkAya graMtha hai| zrI rAmacaMdrako jainagraMtha evaM jainAcArya padmanAbhase pahacAnate haiM, ataH
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________________ rAmAyaNakA adhyayana [107 graMthakA prAkRta nAma " paumacariu" (saM0 padmacarita ) rakhA gayA hai| isakA saMpAdana svargastha jarman vidvAn DA. yAkobIne bar3I yogyatAse kiyA hai aura prakAzana vikrama saMvat 1970 meM bhAvanagara (saurASTra) kI 'jainadharma prasAraka sabhA' ne kiyA hai| isa graMthako racanA bar3I vizada zailIse kI gaI hai / ataH rAmAyaNake adhyayanakI dRSTike atirikta sAhitya, bhASA, sAmAjika itihAsa Adike lie bhI yaha mahattva rakhatA hai| digaMbara AcArya zrI jinasena racita padmapurANa isI graMthakA prAyaH akSarazaH saMskRta rUpAMtara hai| 2. triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita saptama parva-triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita graMthake praNetA prasiddha AcArya zrI hemacaMdra haiM / yaha samagra graMtha daza parva evaM pariziSTa parvako milAkara gyAraha parvo meM racA huA hai / samagra graMtha saMskRta bhASAmeM 32000 zlokapramANa haiN| vikramakI terahavoM zatIke prAraMbhameM isakI racanA huI hai / isake sAtaveM parvameM rAmAyaNakA 3500 zlokoMmeM varNana hai| AcArya zrI hemacaMdrakI pratibhA vizvatomukhI thii| ve jo kucha likhate the, use ekAMgI na banAkara vyApaka zailIse likhanekA prayatna karate the aura jaina-jainetara tattadviSayaka graMthoM kA adhyayana karake likhate the, ataH unakI racanAmeM sahaja hI gAMbhIryakA darzana ho jAtA hai| rAmAyaNakA adhyayana karanevAloMko isakA adhyayana bar3e mahattvakA hogA / vikrama saMvat 1968 meM bhAvanagarakI jainadharma prasAraka sabhAne isa mahAkAvya graMthakA samagra rUpameM prakAzana kiyA hai| 3. vasudeva hiMDI-mahAkavi guNADhyako pizAcabhASAmayI vaDukahA-saM0 bRhatkathA-ke anukaraNarUpa yaha graMtha do khaMDoMmeM prApta hai / pahale khaMDake praNetA zrI saMghadAsagaNi vAcaka haiM / aura dUsareke racayitA zrI dharmasenagaNi mahattara haiN| pahale khaMDakI bhASA jaina prAkRta hai aura dUsarekI bhASA mAgadhI - zaurasenI hai| pahale khaMDake 29 laMbhaka haiM aura dUsareke 71 laMbhaka haiM, isa prakAra yaha samagra graMtha zatalaMbhakapramANa hai| pahale khaMDakI graMthasaMkhyA 10381 zloka hai aura dUsarekI 17000 zlokaparimita hai| pahale khaMDakI racanA vikramakI chaThI sadI hai aura dUsarekI anumAnataH sAtavIM sadI pratIta hotI hai| donoM khaMDoMkI racanA bhinna-bhinna samayakI hai| yahA~ para yaha bAta dhyAna dene yogya hai- pahale khaMDakI racanA pUrNa rUpameM hI hai, ataH dUsare khaMDake abhAvameM bhI kisIko yaha pratIta na hogA ki yaha graMtha apUrNa hai| isake badalemeM yaha avazya pratIta hogA ki dUsare khaMDakA nirmANa evaM anusaMdhAna usake racayitA AcArya ne apanI kalpanAmAtrase hI kiyA hai, na ki apUrNa graMthakI pUrttike lie / pahalA khaMDa bIcameM se bhI khaMDita hai aura isakA aMta bhAga bhI naSTa 1 sayalakalAgamanilayA(yo)sikkhAviyakaiyaNo sumuhyNdaa(do)| kamalAsaNA(No)guNaDDhA(DDho) sarassaI jassa va kahA // -udyotana-kuvalayamAlAkahA prAkRta.
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________________ 108 ] jJAnAMjali ho gayA hai / isa graMthameM zrIkRSNake pitA vasudevakA kumArAvasthA meM dezabhramaNa varNita hai / dezATanakI vividha sAmagrI evaM prAcIna kathAsAhityake itihAsakI dRSTi se hI yaha graMtha mahattvakA hai itanA ho nahIM, kiMtu mahAkavi guNADhyakI vaDu kahAkA kyA svarUpa thA, isakA patA calAneke lie aura tulanAke lie bhI yaha graMtha bar3e mahattvakA hai| jarman vidvAn DaoN0 AlsDaoNrphane isa graMthakA isa dRSTise adhyayana karake vahA~ke jarnalameM eka lekhe bhI isa viSayameM likhA thaa| isa graMthakA prathama khaMDa aura isakA gujarAtI bhASAmeM anuvAda bhAvanagarako 'zrI jaina AtmAnaMda sabhA' ne prakAzita kiyA hai / mUla prAkRta graMthakA saMpAdana hama guru-ziSya zrI caturavijayajI mahArAja aura maiM, donoMne sAtha mila kara kiyA hai| aura gujarAtI anuvAda DaoN0 bhogIlAla je0 sAMDesarAne kiyA hai| isa prathama khaMDakA sArabhAga yUropakI svIDiza bhASAmeM bhI prakAzita ho cukA hai| isa prathama khaMDake pR0 240-245 meM rAmAyaNakA saMkSipta varNana hai aura yaha baDe mahattvakA bhI hai / adhyayana karane vAloMko yaha aMza avazya hI dekhanA caahie| 4. caupaNNamahApurisacariyaM-- isakI racanA nirvRtikulIna AcArya zrI mAnadevake ziSya AcArya zrI zIlAMka-aparanAma zrI vimalamatine prAkRtabhASAmeM gadya-padya rUpameM kI hai / isakA racanAsamaya anumAnataH vikramakI navIM-dasavIM zatAbdI pratIta hotA hai / isakI 11500 zloka saMkhyA hai| isameM AcArya zrI zIlAMkane prasaMgopAtta rAmAyaNakA saMkSipta varNana kiyA hai| yaha aMza sirpha 50 zloka jitanA hai / isa caritagraMthameM AcAryane 'vibudhAnaMda' nAmaka ekAMkI rUpaka-racanAkA bhI samAveza kiyA hai| 5. kahAvalI-isakI racanA AcArya zrI bhadrezvarasUrine prAkRtameM kI hai / graMthakA pramANa 23000 zloka jitanA hai| isakA racanAkAla nizcita nahIM hai, phira bhI anumAnataH vikramakI navIM-dasavIM sadIse arvAcIna nahIM hai| isameM AcAryane rAmAyaNakA varNana ThIka rUpameM kiyA hai| vasudeva hiMDI evaM caupaNNamahApurisacariyaMkI apekSA ThIka-Thoka hai, vistRta hai / 6. sIyAcariyaM-yaha graMtha prAkRta bhASAmeM hai| isake racayitAke nAmakA patA nahIM calA hai| 3400 isakI graMthasaMkhyA hai / graMtha arvAcIna kRti nahIM hai / Upara jina graMthoM ke nAmoMkA ullekha kiyA gayA hai, unake atirikta aura bhI isa viSayake 1 DaoN. AlsDaoNrphake isa nibaMdhakA gujarAtI anuvAda DaoN0 sAMDesarAne apane gujarAtI anuvAdakI prastAvanAmeM diyA hai|
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________________ rAmAyaNakA adhyayane [104 aneka graMtha jaina-sAhityameM pAe jAte haiM / kiMtu ve sabhI prAyaH arvAcIna haiM aura upari nirdiSTa graMthokI prAyaH inameM chAyA hI hai| yahA~ para jina graMthoMkA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai, vaha jaina zvetAmbara-sAhityako lakSameM rakha kara kiyA gayA hai| digaMbara jaina-kathAsAhityameM bhI padmapurANa, tevaThiguNAlaMkAracariya Adi anekAneka graMtharatna saMskRta, apabhraMza Adi bhASAoM meM bar3I praur3ha zailIse nirmita pAe jAte haiN| gujarAtI va hiMdI bhASAmeM bhI rAmAyaNako lakSita karake digaMbara-zvetAMbarAcArya nirmita aneka racanAe~ huI haiN| [ 'rASTrakavi maithilIzaraNa gupta abhinandanagraMtha,' kalakattA, I. sa. 1959 ]